镨和氮共掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂的制备与性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法结合微波化学法制备高活性可见光响应型镨(Pr)和氮(N)共掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂(Pr-N-TiO2).通过XRD、FT-IR、UV-Vis和TEM等手段对Pr-N-TiO2光催化剂样品进行表征和分析,并以亚甲基蓝(MB)作为目标降解物,考察Pr-N-TiO2光催化剂对MB的光催化降解效果.结果表明Pr和N共掺杂TiO2能有效地抑制TiO2的晶粒生长,共掺杂离子之间的协同作用使得Pr-N-TiO2光催化剂的光谱吸收阈值波长发生红移,荧光光谱强度明显降低,光催化活性显著提高;在日光灯下,6h内,Pr-N-TiO2光催化剂对MB的光催化降解率达92.81%,明显优于DegussaP25的(45.01%).     

氮掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备与性能研究

采用水热法结合固相反应法制备了氮掺杂TiO2光催化剂。以苯酚为降解底物，考察了不同煅烧温度下制备的光催化剂在可见光照射下的光催化性能。采用了XRD、UV-Vis／DRS、XPS等手段对制备的掺氮TiO2光催化剂进行了表征。结果表明：当固相反应温度为300℃时所制备的样品为锐钛矿相，当反应温度达800℃时开始由锐钛矿相转变为金红石相：紫外一可见漫反射光谱结果表明所制备掺氮TiO2在可见光区和紫外光区都有较强的吸收，而纯TiO2只对紫外光有较强的吸收：当反应温度为500℃时，可见光活性最大，对苯酚的降解率最大，在4h内对苯酚的降解率达到52．57％。     

氮掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备与性能研究

采用水热法结合固相反应法制备了氮掺杂TiO2光催化剂.以苯酚为降解底物,考察了不同煅烧温度下制备的光催化剂在可见光照射下的光催化性能.采用了XRD、UV-Vis/DRS、XPS等手段对制备的掺氮TiO2光催化剂进行了表征.结果表明:当固相反应温度为300℃时所制备的样品为锐钛矿相,当反应温度达800℃时开始由锐钛矿相转变为金红石相;紫外-可见漫反射光谱结果表明所制备掺氮TiO2在可见光区和紫外光区都有较强的吸收,而纯TiO2只对紫外光有较强的吸收;当反应温度为500℃时,可见光活性最大,对苯酚的降解率最大,在4h内对苯酚的降解率达到52.57%.     

合成氟锌共掺杂纳米TiO2及其光催化活性

以CF3COOH和Zn(NO3)2为掺杂剂,采用溶胶凝胶法合成了纳米F/Zn2 /TiO2粉体,以次甲基蓝的光催化降解为探针反应,评价了其光催化活性,并利用XRD、FT-IR、EDS、BET、TEM等手段对样品进行测试和表征.测试表明F和Zn2 已经掺杂在纳米Ti02中,设计掺n(F)/n(Ti)-2%、n(Zn)/n(Ti)-3%的样品催化活性最高,可以将未掺杂TiO2光催化次甲基蓝1 h的降解率由73.2%提高到86.2%.     

铁氮共掺杂纳米TiO2的水热法制备及其在可见光下抗菌性能的研究

以硫酸氧钛为前驱体，硝酸铁和盐酸胍作为掺杂的铁源和氮源，采用水热法制备了铁氮共掺杂纳米TiO2粉体。利用XRD、BET对样品进行表征，研究了掺杂后TiO2粉体的晶型、粒径、比表面积等性能。结果表明，所制备的共掺杂TiO2粉体呈黄色，均为锐钛矿相TiO2，经谢尔公式计算其粒径约为10nm，比表面积分布为（135～150）m^2／g。采用紫外．可见光漫反射光谱对样品进行表征，结果表明经过铁氮共掺杂改性后的TiO2具有很强的紫外线的吸收能力，并实现了良好的可见光响应。采用菌落计数法进行了样品抗菌性能的研究，在可见光照射下样品对大肠杆菌表现出良好的杀灭性能。     

B/Fe2O3共掺杂纳米TiO2可见光下的催化性能

采用溶胶凝胶法制备B/Fe2O3共掺杂TiO2复合光催化材料,并用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(TEM)和紫外可见漫反射光谱(DRS)对粉体进行表征。结果表明:催化剂以锐钛矿存在的纳米颗粒,直观地显示了物质的形貌,掺杂B能极大提高催化剂的可见光响应。以二氯苯酚(DCP)为降解物质,在紫外和可见光下分别研究了复合催化剂的光催化活性。掺杂B能使吸收光谱红移至可见光区,而进一步掺杂Fe2O3大大提高了催化剂的活性。     

钴氮共掺杂TiO2薄膜的制备及其光电化学性质

采用溶胶-凝胶法分别制备未掺杂和钴掺杂TiO2溶胶，室温下将其分别与三乙胺反应制得氮掺杂和（Co，N）共掺杂的TiO2溶胶，然后通过浸渍-提拉法在钛片上成膜，经烧结获得掺杂光电极。采用XRD、SEM、XPS和紫外-可见光谱和光电流作用谱等对电极进行表征，并探讨其光电响应机理。结果表明：TiO2共掺杂后并未引起TiO2能带边缘位置发生明显改变，N主要以NOx形式掺杂；（Co，N）共掺杂TiO2薄膜电极的可见光电响应比单掺杂的高，这主要归因于共掺杂TiO2薄膜电极的比表面积增大、光吸收性能改善、界面电荷转移速率提高以及共掺杂元素的协同作用等。     

硫掺杂对纳米TiO2的结构相变及可见光催化活性的影响

采用酸催化溶胶凝胶法合成硫掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂。可见光光催化降解亚甲基蓝实验结果表明:当硫脲与钛酸丁酯摩尔比为3.50时,催化剂经500℃热处理后表现出最佳的可见光光催化降解效果。TEM、XRD和Raman光谱等表征结果表明:硫掺杂大大提高了纳米TiO2晶粒的分散程度,有利于制备均一分散的纳米晶粒;另外,硫掺杂有效地抑制了纳米TiO2在热处理过程中由锐钛矿向金红石的转变,一部分硫进入TiO2的晶格取代部分Ti4 而导致一定程度畸变,产生氧缺位,从而大大提高催化剂的可见光催化活性。     

纳米TiO2的掺杂改性及应用进展研究

纳米级TiO2作为一种光催化材料，在环境保护、光能转换、医药行业、工业催化等领域有着极为广泛的用途。较低的光量子效率以及短波长高能量的激发源是限制TiO2使用范围的主要原因，其中掺杂改性是提高TiO2光量子效率的重要手段。本文综述了近几年来利用贵金属沉积与离子掺杂来改善二氧化钛光催化性方面所取得的进展及在相关领域的应用。     

氮掺杂纳米TiO_2光催化氧化NO_2效率的研究(英文)

通过机械化学方法对纳米TiO2进行掺氮改性后,研究了煅烧温度和煅烧时间对纳米TiO2在模拟日光条件下光催化氧化NO2性能的影响。结果表明,当煅烧温度为500℃时,光催化效率随煅烧时间的延长而增加;但当煅烧温度为600和700℃时,光催化效率随煅烧时间的延长而降低,这主要是由于煅烧温度的增加使得纳米TiO2由锐钛矿型转变为金红石型。当煅烧温度为500℃时,煅烧时间从3h延长到5h,光催化效率从51.5%提高到67.0%,这是P25光催化效率的135%。     

Preparation and characterization of the TiO2-V2O5 photocatalyst with visible-light activity

Visible-light responsive TiO2-V2O5 catalyst was prepared using a binary sol-gel and in-situ intercalation method. The TiO2 sol and V2O5 sol were mixed to disperse the V2O5 species in the TiO2 phase at molecular level. The binary sol was then intercalated into interspaces of polyaniline （PANI） by means of in-situ polymerization of aniline. Conglomeration of the TiO2-V2O5 dusters during the calcination process was avoided because of the wrap of polyaniline. The surface mor- phology, the crystal phases, the structure, and the absorption spectra of （PANI）,/TiO2-V2O5 and the composite catalyst were studied using SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and UV-Vis. The photoactivity of the prepared catalyst under UV and visible light irradiation were evaluated by decolorization of methylene blue （MB） solution. The results showed that the composite catalyst displayed a homogeneous anatase phase, and the vanadium pentoxide species was highly dispersed in the TiO2 phase. The composite catalyst responded to visible light because of the narrowed band gap. In this study, the catalyst with the sol volume ratio of TiO2： V2O5 = 10：1 presented the best photocatalytic activity.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of nano-TiO2 codoped with fluorine and ferric

Nano-F /Fe^3＋/TiO2 particles were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate in a mixed CF3COOH-Fe（NO3）3-H2O solution. The photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue in aqueous solution was used as a probe to evaluate their photocatalytic activities. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy dispersion X-ray spectrum （EDS） and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） surface area analysis. The results show that F- and Fe^3＋ are doped into TiO2. The F^- and Fe^3＋ doping can help to enhance the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic activity greatly. The appropriate codoping conditions for F-Fe are n（F）/n（TiO2）=2%, n（Fe）/n（TiO2）=0.05%, and the degradation rate of methylene blue at l h is improved from 73.2% to 87.5%. The codoped nano-F /Fe^3＋/TiO2 particles have higher BET specific surface area, smaller crystallite size and higher photocatalytic activity than those of undoped TiO2 particles.     

包覆型催化剂WO3-TiO2的制备及其光催化性能

以钛酸丁酯为钛源,采用水解法制备金红石型TiO2粉体,用浸渍法将制备的TiO2粉体包覆不同浓度的WO3（记为WO3-TiO2）,并采用X射线衍射（XRD）、拉曼光谱（LRS）、透射电镜（TEM）和紫外-可见漫反射光谱（DRS）等手段对所得的光催化剂进行了表征。以紫外光为光源,Fe^3＋为电子牺牲剂,包覆型WO3-TiO2粉体为光催化剂,通过光催化分解水析氧实验,研究催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明：WO3包覆能显著提高TiO2的光催化活性,在12h内,包覆2％WO3的TiO2光催化分解水产氧速率最高,达到约420 μmol／（L-h）。     

N掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备与表征

以饱和尿素溶液水解沉淀工艺制备水合TiO2，将水合TiO2在400～700℃的空气气氛下煅烧2h，制得淡黄色的N掺杂TiO2光催化剂。对样品的煅烧过程进行分析，采用XRD，TEM，BET及UV-Vis等对其物相、粒径、比表面积、掺氮量、吸光性能及可见光催化性能等进行测试和表征。结果表明：掺杂氮元素主要以形成配合物分子形式均匀分布在煅烧前驱体中，在TiO2从无定形转变为锐态矿型的过程中，掺杂氮元素以Ti—N化学键的形式进入到Ti02晶格中；该N掺杂TiＯ2光催化剂样品的粒径为10-30nm，比表面积为30～70m^2／g，掺氮量约3％，能吸收波长400nm以上的可见光；样品在波长主峰420nm的荧光灯激发下，反应3h后对2，4一二氯苯酚的光催化降解率超过40％。     

Preparation and characterization of new photocatalyst combined MWCNTs with TiO2 nanotubes

A new type of photocatalysts MWCNTs/TiO2-NTs nanocomposites prepared by combining multi-walled carbon nanotube （MWCNTs） with TiO2-derived nanotubes were synthesized by a modified hydrotherrnal method. The SEM, XRD, UV-Vis and TG-DTG were used to characterize its property. The produced MWCNTs/TiO2-NTs nanocomposites were used as the catalysts for photo-degradation of aquatic humic substances, Their photocatalytic efficiency was evaluated by the photodegradation of humic acid in an aqueous solution under ultraviolet light irradiation. The results show MWCNTs could enhance the activity of the photocatalysts; the best degradation efficiency was obtained by using MWCNTs/TiO2-NTs nanocomposites containing 20% MWCNTs as the photo-catalyst.     

Preparation of thermally stable anatase TiO2 photocatalyst from TiOF2 precursor and its photocatalytic activity

Preparation of anatase TiO₂ with high themal stability is of great importance for its environmental application. In this work, TiOF₂ was first synthesized by a simple microwave-assisted hydrothermal route using tetrabutyl titanate and hydrofluoric acid as precursors at 200 °C for 20 min. Then the resulted precipitates were calcined at different temperatures (300-1000 °C) for 2 h. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated using Brilliant Red X3B, an anionic azo dye, as the target organic molecule under UV light irradiation. The results showed that the prepared TiOF₂ exhibited weak or no photocatalytic activity. The phase transformation of TiOF₂ to anatase TiO₂ occurred at about 300 °C. The prepared anatase TiO₂ from TiOF₂ showed very high thermal stability and the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation temperature was up to 1000 °C. Fluoride ions played an important role in the improvement of thermal stability of anatase TiO₂ by strongly adsorbing on the crystal planes of anatase to stabilize the anatase structure. The 700 °C-calcined sample showed the highest photocatalytic activity due to its relative good crystallization and high specific surface areas.     

层状Bi2O2CO3可见光催化活性增强机理研究

本文基于第一性原理方法,研究Bi2O22+和CO32-交替层中氧缺陷生成对晶体结构、能带结构以及光学性质的影响,揭示氧缺陷提高Bi2O2CO3可见光催化活性作用机制。计算结果发现,氧缺陷的存在对Bi2O2CO3的晶胞参数和Bi-O键影响较小,但作为电子施主中心可以向周围原子提供电子,造成Bi2O2CO3电荷分布发生变化,有效减小能带间隙,促进Bi2O2CO3对可见光的吸收,且这种现象随着氧缺陷浓度的升高更加明显。值得注意的是,Bi2O22+层和CO32-层氧缺陷的作用不同。CO32-层中氧缺陷的形成导致费米能级附近出现缺陷能级,改变了电子的跃迁方式。相较于CO32-层,氧缺陷更容易存在于Bi2O22+层中,能够更佳有效地减小Bi2O2CO3的能带间隙,进一步促进Bi2O2CO3对可见光的吸收。随着Bi2O22+和CO32-层氧缺陷浓度增加,Bi2O22+层氧缺陷的作用愈明显,当浓度达到6.25%时,Bi2O2CO3在可见光区的响应显著增强,有利于提高Bi2O2CO3可见光催化活性。本文计算结果解释了实验上氧缺陷增强Bi2O2CO3光催化活性现象,并为今后合成其它含氧缺陷Bi基金属氧化物提供理论指导。     

以Ti(OBu)4为钛源、三聚氰胺为氮源通过溶胶-凝胶法制备高活性光催化剂TiO2/g-C3N4

以Ti(OBu)4为钛源、三聚氰胺为氮源,通过溶胶-凝胶和高温煅烧两步法制备了高活性可见光光催化剂TiO2/g-C3N4。利用X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra ）等手段对其进行了表征。结果表明：TiO2镶嵌在石墨相的g-C3N4中,并与g-C3N4构成TiO2/g-C3N4复合材料。由于TiO2与g-C3N4的协同作用,扩大了TiO2/g-C3N4的可见光吸收范围和强度,因而其具有很好的可见光光催化性能。