混合量子差分进化算法及应用

量子进化算法基于量子旋转门更新量子比特状态影响了算法搜索性能．提出一种差分进化（DE）与和声搜索（Hs）相结合更新量子比特状态的混合量子差分进化算法（HQDE）．该方法采用实数量子角形式编码染色体,设计一种由差分进化计算更新量子位状态的量子差分进化算法（QDE）和一种由和声搜索更新量子位状态的量子和声搜索（QHS）,并相互机制融合,采用两种不同进化策略共同作用产生种群新量子个体以克服常规算法中早熟及收敛速度慢等缺陷;在此基础上,算法还引入量子非门算子对当前最劣个体以一定概率选中的量子比特位进行变异操作增强算法跳出局部最优解能力．理论分析证明该算法收敛于全局最优解．0／1背包问题及旅行商问题实例测试结果验证了该方法有效性．     

调整协同种群构成提升进化算法搜索性能

进化过程中种群多样性降低导致的收敛极大限制了进化算法的求解质量与搜索效率。调整种群元素策略利用进化算法收敛本性,在进化过程中向进化种群加入优势元素和随机元素,调整种群元素构成。经共生进化算法求解复杂柔性作业调度测试,定期大规模加入优势元素和随机元素能有效调整种群结构,既利用了前期种群进化收敛的结果又维持了种群进化全程的多样性。使进化算法可通过扩大搜索规模有效提高求解质量,将促进进化算法在各领域的应用深度和广度。     

混合改进搜索策略的鸡群优化算法

针对鸡群算法易陷入局部最优和出现早熟收敛的情况,提出一种混合改进搜索策略的鸡群优化算法。该算法通过种内和种间竞争,确定子群规模及等级次序,子群角色通过竞争繁殖进行动态更新。种群进化寻优中引入全局最优引导策略和动态惯性策略,个体的寻食学习通过动态惯性策略进行自我调整,并同时接受子群与种群中的最优个体引导,以平衡局部搜索和全局搜索之间的关系。仿真实验结果表明,与基本鸡群算法和粒子群算法等相比,改进后的鸡群算法能有效提高算法的收敛精度和收敛速度。     

一类自适应免疫进化算法

基于免疫系统中的进化机理，提出一种自适应免疫进化算法，通过定义扩展半径和突交半径两个新算法参数构造了较小和较大两个邻域，分别利用这两个邻域进行局部和全局搜索，从而形成两层领域搜索机制，以保证算法的全局和局部搜索能力，定义了群体的多样度，并以此自适应调节算法参数以提高算法性能，给出了算法的全局收敛性证明，仿真结果表明，该算法收敛速度快，具有良好的全局寻优和局部求精能力。     

An evolutionary algorithm with guided mutation for the maximum clique problem

Estimation of distribution algorithms sample new solutions (offspring) from a probability model which characterizes the distribution of promising solutions in the search space at each generation. The location information of solutions found so far (i.e., the actual positions of these solutions in the search space) is not directly used for generating offspring in most existing estimation of distribution algorithms. This paper introduces a new operator, called guided mutation. Guided mutation generates offspring through combination of global statistical information and the location information of solutions found so far. An evolutionary algorithm with guided mutation (EA/G) for the maximum clique problem is proposed in this paper. Besides guided mutation, EA/G adopts a strategy for searching different search areas in different search phases. Marchiori's heuristic is applied to each new solution to produce a maximal clique in EA/G. Experimental results show that EA/G outperforms the heuristic genetic algorithm of Marchiori (the best evolutionary algorithm reported so far) and a MIMIC algorithm on DIMACS benchmark graphs.     

Exact solutions for evolutionary strategies on harmonic landscapes

In this paper two different evolutionary strategies are tested by means of harmonic landscapes. Both strategies are based on ensembles of searchers, spreading over the search space according to laws inspired by nature. The main difference between the two prototypes is given by the underlying selection mechanism, governing the increase or decrease of the local population of searchers in certain regions of the search space. More precisely, we compare a thermodynamic strategy, which is based on a physically motivated local selection criterion, with a biologically motivated strategy, which features a global selection scheme (i.e., global coupling of the searchers). Confining ourselves to a special class of initial conditions, we show that, in the simple case of harmonic test potentials, both strategies possess particular analytical solutions of the same type. By means of these special solutions, the velocities of the two strategies can be compared exactly. In the last part of the paper, we extend the scope of our discussion to a mixed strategy, combining local and global selection.     

一种求解旅行商问题的进化多目标优化方法

为了克服传统小生境(Niching)策略中的参数设置难题,提出一种求解旅行商问题的进化多目标优化方法:建立以路径长度和平均离群距离为目标的双目标优化模型,利用改进非支配排序遗传算法(NSGAII)进行求解.为了在全局探索能力与局部开发能力之间保持平衡,算法中采用一种使路径长度相同的可行解互不占优的评价策略,并通过一种新的离散差分进化算子和简化的2-Opt策略生成候选解.与已有算法的数值试验结果比较表明,求解旅行商问题(TSP)的改进非支配排序遗传算法(NSGAII-TSP)能够更好地保持种群多样性,从而克服局部最优解的吸引并具有更鲁棒的全局探索能力.通过借助特殊的个体评价策略,所提出的算法可以更好地进行全局优化,甚至同时得到多个全局最优解.     

多搜索策略协同进化的人工蜂群算法

针对人工蜂群算法存在的计算精度不高、收敛速度较慢的缺点,提出一种多搜索策略协同进化的人工蜂群算法.所提出的算法在引领蜂和跟随蜂进行邻域搜索时,动态调整搜索的维数以提高搜索效率,并结合人工蜂群算法不同搜索策略的特点,使其协同进化,以平衡算法的局部搜索能力和全局搜索能力.14个基准函数的仿真实验结果表明,所提出的算法能有效改善寻优性能,增强摆脱局部最优的能力.与其他一些改进的人工蜂群算法相比,具有较快的收敛速度和较高的求解精度.     

动态分级的并行约束优化进化算法

提出一种动态分级的并行进化算法用于求解约束优化问题。该算法首先利用佳点集方法初始化种群。在进化过程中,将种群个体分为两个子种群,分别用于全局和局部搜索,并根据不同的搜索阶段动态调整各种级别中并行变量的数目。标准测试问题的实验结果表明了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于云模型的实数编码量子进化算法

针对量子进化算法易陷入局部最优和求解精度不高的缺点,利用云模型具有随机性和稳定倾向性的特点,提出了一种基于云模型的实数编码量子进化算法。该算法利用单维云变异进行全局快速搜索,利用多维云进化增强算法局部搜索能力,探索全局最优解。依据算法的进化过程动态调整搜索范围并复位染色体,可以加提高敛速度,并防止陷入局部最优。仿真结果表明,该算法搜索精度和效率得到提高,适合求解复杂函数优化问题。     

改进型复杂过程全局进化算法在热连轧负荷分配中的应用

为实现热连轧精轧机组负荷分配的优化设定,提出一种具有柔性框架结构的改进型复杂过程全局进化算法.该算法部分地借用了分散搜索原则,在通用框架中嵌入具有搜索机制的子方法;利用无限折叠映射混沌模型和局部搜索法,分别对初始种群的生成和"超越"深度搜索进行改进以提高最优解的求解效率.实验结果表明,该算法能够使用较少的参数完成负荷分配优化问题的可行解搜索,具有较好的时效性,是局部和全局搜索的有机体.     

A fuzzy clustering algorithm based on evolutionary programming

In this paper, a fuzzy clustering method based on evolutionary programming (EPFCM) is proposed. The algorithm benefits from the global search strategy of evolutionary programming, to improve fuzzy c-means algorithm (FCM). The cluster validity can be measured by some cluster validity indices. To increase the convergence speed of the algorithm, we exploit the modified algorithm to change the number of cluster centers dynamically. Experiments demonstrate EPFCM can find the proper number of clusters, and the result of clustering does not depend critically on the choice of the initial cluster centers. The probability of trapping into the local optima will be very lower than FCM.     

A multipopulation genetic algorithm aimed at multimodal optimization

This paper considers a new method that enables a genetic algorithm (GA) to identify and maintain multiple optima of a multimodal function, by creating subpopulations within the niches defined by the multiple optima, thus warranting a good ‘diversity’. The algorithm is based on a splitting of the traditional GA into a sequence of two processes. Since the GA behavior is determined by the exploration/exploitation balance, during the first step (Exploration), the multipopulation GA coupled with a speciation method detects the potential niches by classifying ‘similar’ individuals in the same population. Once the niches are detected, the algorithm achieves an intensification (Exploitation), by allocating a separate portion of the search space to each population. These two steps are alternately performed at a given frequency. Empirical results obtained with F6 Schaffer‘s function are then presented to show the reliability of the algorithm.     

Multimodal optimization using a bi-objective evolutionary algorithm

In a multimodal optimization task, the main purpose is to find multiple optimal solutions (global and local), so that the user can have better knowledge about different optimal solutions in the search space and as and when needed, the current solution may be switched to another suitable optimum solution. To this end, evolutionary optimization algorithms (EA) stand as viable methodologies mainly due to their ability to find and capture multiple solutions within a population in a single simulation run. With the preselection method suggested in 1970, there has been a steady suggestion of new algorithms. Most of these methodologies employed a niching scheme in an existing single-objective evolutionary algorithm framework so that similar solutions in a population are deemphasized in order to focus and maintain multiple distant yet near-optimal solutions. In this paper, we use a completely different strategy in which the single-objective multimodal optimization problem is converted into a suitable bi-objective optimization problem so that all optimal solutions become members of the resulting weak Pareto-optimal set. With the modified definitions of domination and different formulations of an artificially created additional objective function, we present successful results on problems with as large as 500 optima. Most past multimodal EA studies considered problems having only a few variables. In this paper, we have solved up to 16-variable test problems having as many as 48 optimal solutions and for the first time suggested multimodal constrained test problems which are scalable in terms of number of optima, constraints, and variables. The concept of using bi-objective optimization for solving single-objective multimodal optimization problems seems novel and interesting, and more importantly opens up further avenues for research and application.     

基于混沌理论的免疫量子进化算法

提出了基于混沌理论的免疫量子进化算法,该算法应用混沌理论并依据小生境机制将初始个体划分为实数编码染色体的子群,各子群应用免疫特性的局域搜索能力找出优化解。混沌优化搜索机制能有效避免早熟收敛。为解决2进制算法所不能避免的精度与效率的冲突,采用10进制编码染色体。算法综合了量子计算的天然并行性、免疫算法的充分自适应性和混沌系统的遍历性,它比传统的进化算法具有更好的种群多样性,更快的收敛速度,更有效的全局和局域寻优能力。仿真实验也表明了该算法的优越性。     

A hybrid of electromagnetism-like mechanism and back-propagation algorithms for recurrent neural fuzzy systems design

This article introduces a novel hybrid evolutionary algorithm for recurrent fuzzy neural systems design in applications of nonlinear systems. The hybrid learning algorithm, IEMBP-improved electromagnetism-like (EM) with back-propagation (BP) technique, combines the advantages of EM and BP algorithms which provides high-speed convergence, higher accuracy and less computational complexity (computation time in seconds). In addition, the IEMBP needs only a small population to outperform the standard EM that uses a larger population. For a recurrent neural fuzzy system, IEMBP simulates the ‘attraction’ and ‘repulsion’ of charged particles by considering each neural system parameters as a charged particle. The EM algorithm is modified in such a way that the competition selection is adopted and the random neighbourhood local search is replaced by BP without evaluations. Thus, the IEMBP algorithm combines the advantages of multi-point search, global optimisation and faster convergence. Finally, several illustration examples for nonlinear systems are shown to demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of IEMBP.     

基于小波精英解学习和多角度搜索的新型阴阳平衡优化算法

针对基本阴阳平衡优化算法计算精度低和优化速度慢等问题,提出一种新型阴阳平衡优化算法.首先,设计小波精英解学习策略,充分利用精英解的进化信息产生高质量的解,用于算法的全局勘探和局部开发;然后,将搜索角度引入解更新方程中,以实现对算法搜索空间的全方位搜索,并对所提出算法的收敛性进行理论分析;最后,采用连续优化测试函数和瓶颈旅行商问题进行数值实验,并将所提出算法与多种智能优化方法进行比较.实验结果表明,所提出算法具有更好的优化性能.     

基于浮点型编码策略的差分多目标柔性车间调度优化

运用进化算法求解柔性车间调度问题时,编码的特殊性对进化策略造成的局限制约了算法的搜索能力。为此,提出一种基于浮点型编码策略的差分多目标优化算法。该算法采用基于工序权重的浮点数编码—解码机制,消除了排列组合型编码方式对进化操作带来的约束,运用差分进化策略生成新个体,以提高优秀个体产生的几率,进而保证算法有更好的收敛性。将算法与传统算法及其改进形式在相同测试用例上进行对比,结果表明,本算法在保证收敛性的同时,搜索到更多的非支配个体,体现出更好的分布性。此外,提出了平行决策和等价平行决策的定义,将柔性车间调度模型的研究拓展至决策空间。     

Effective local evolutionary searches distributed on an island model solving bi-objective optimization problems

Using multiple local evolutionary searches, instead of single and overall search, has been an effective technique to solve multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs). With this technique, many parallel and distributed multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (dMOEAs) on different island models have been proposed to search for optimal solutions, efficiently and effectively. These algorithms often use local MOEAs on their islands in which each local search is considered to find a part of optimal solutions. The islands (and the local MOEAs), however, need to communicate to each other to preclude the possibility of converging to local optimal solutions. The existing dMOEAs rely on the central and iterative process of subdividing a large-scale population into multiple subpopulations; and it negatively affects the dMOEAs performance. In this paper, a new version of dMOEA with new local MOEAs and migration strategy is proposed. The respective objective space is first subdivided into the predefined number of polar-based regions assigned to the local MOEAs to be explored and exploited. In addition, the central and iterative process is eliminated using a new proposed migration strategy. The algorithms are tested on the standard bi-objective optimization test cases of ZDTs, and the result shows that these new dMOEAs outperform the existing distributed and parallel MOEAs in most cases.     

差分型复杂过程全局进化方法

复杂过程全局进化算法是一种具有类似分散搜索的通用框架结构,能够高效完成全局搜索的新型进化算法。在该算法的基础上,提出了差分型复杂过程全局进化算法。差分型算法采用拉丁超立方体抽样生成多样性种群,并应用“最小欧几里德距离的最大值法”产生参考集Refset2,以保证参考集的多样性。采用差分变异和交叉策略替代原算法的线性合并,兼顾算法的收敛速度和种群的多样性。应用Nelder-Mead直接搜索法进行局部搜索,防止搜索过程在局部最优点附近反复。仿真结果表明差分型复杂过程全局进化算法,具有较高的搜索效率。