On intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets and their topological structures

In this paper, lower and upper approximations of intuitionistic fuzzy sets with respect to an intuitionistic fuzzy approximation space are first defined. Properties of intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators are examined. Relationships between intuitionistic fuzzy rough set approximations and intuitionistic fuzzy topologies are then discussed. It is proved that the set of all lower approximation sets based on an intuitionistic fuzzy reflexive and transitive approximation space forms an intuitionistic fuzzy topology; and conversely, for an intuitionistic fuzzy rough topological space, there exists an intuitionistic fuzzy reflexive and transitive approximation space such that the topology in the intuitionistic fuzzy rough topological space is just the set of all lower approximation sets in the intuitionistic fuzzy reflexive and transitive approximation space. That is to say, there exists an one-to-one correspondence between the set of all intuitionistic fuzzy reflexive and transitive approximation spaces and the set of all intuitionistic fuzzy rough topological spaces. Finally, intuitionistic fuzzy pseudo-closure operators in the framework of intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximations are investigated.     

广义粗糙近似算子的拓扑性质

粗糙集理论是一种处理不确定性问题的数学工具.粗糙近似算子是粗糙集理论中的核心概念,基于等价关系的Paw-lak粗糙近似算子可以推广为基于一般二元关系的广义粗糙近似算子.近似算子的拓扑结构是粗糙集理论的重点研究方向.文中主要研究基于一般二元关系的广义粗糙近似算子诱导拓扑的性质,给出了基于粒和基于子系统的广义粗糙近似算子诱...     

The relationship among soft sets,soft rough sets and topologies

Molodtsov’s soft set theory is a newly emerging tool to deal with uncertain problems. Based on the novel granulation structures called soft approximation spaces, Feng et al. initiated soft rough approximations and soft rough sets. Feng’s soft rough sets can be seen as a generalized rough set model based on soft sets, which could provide better approximations than Pawlak’s rough sets in some cases. This paper is devoted to establishing the relationship among soft sets, soft rough sets and topologies. We introduce the concept of topological soft sets by combining soft sets with topologies and give their properties. New types of soft sets such as keeping intersection soft sets and keeping union soft sets are defined and supported by some illustrative examples. We describe the relationship between rough sets and soft rough sets. We obtain the structure of soft rough sets and the topological structure of soft sets, and reveal that every topological space on the initial universe is a soft approximating space.     

Soft sets and soft rough sets

In this study, we establish an interesting connection between two mathematical approaches to vagueness: rough sets and soft sets. Soft set theory is utilized, for the first time, to generalize Pawlak’s rough set model. Based on the novel granulation structures called soft approximation spaces, soft rough approximations and soft rough sets are introduced. Basic properties of soft rough approximations are presented and supported by some illustrative examples. We also define new types of soft sets such as full soft sets, intersection complete soft sets and partition soft sets. The notion of soft rough equal relations is proposed and related properties are examined. We also show that Pawlak’s rough set model can be viewed as a special case of the soft rough sets, and these two notions will coincide provided that the underlying soft set in the soft approximation space is a partition soft set. Moreover, an example containing a comparative analysis between rough sets and soft rough sets is given.     

粗糙集的两种相似性度量

粗糙集理论是一种新的处理模糊和不确定性知识的软计算工具.在近似空间中,首先基于集合的上下近似给出了一种粗糙集间的相似度量方法.然后通过定义一种基于粗糙隶属函数的包含度,给出了另外一种粗糙集间的相似度量方法,并分别研究了这两种相似度量方法的有关性质.最后讨论了这两种相似度量方法之间的关系.     

On generalized fuzzy rough sets

In this paper, a class of generalized fuzzy rough sets based on two universes are studied. Some new set-valued mappings and fuzzy set-valued mappings are introduced to discuss properties of the known model, and a new model for fuzzy rough sets is proposed which provides a new selection of interval structure for uncertainty reasoning using rough set theory. Some properties of the new model are revealed. The new model seems to be more natural in the sense that fuzzy sets are approximated by fuzzy sets on the same universe.     

Characterization of rough set approximations in Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy set theory

The primitive notions in rough set theory are lower and upper approximation operators defined by a fixed binary relation and satisfying many interesting properties. Many types of generalized rough set models have been proposed in the literature. This paper discusses the rough approximations of Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy sets in crisp and fuzzy approximation spaces in which both constructive and axiomatic approaches are used. In the constructive approach, concepts of rough intuitionistic fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets are defined, properties of rough intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators and intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are examined. Different classes of rough intuitionistic fuzzy set algebras and intuitionistic fuzzy rough set algebras are obtained from different types of fuzzy relations. In the axiomatic approach, an operator-oriented characterization of rough sets is proposed, that is, rough intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators and intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are defined by axioms. Different axiom sets of upper and lower intuitionistic fuzzy set-theoretic operators guarantee the existence of different types of crisp/fuzzy relations which produce the same operators.     

Similarity of binary relations based on rough set theory and topology: an application for topological structures of matroids

In this paper, we propose an integration of rough sets, matroids and topology to exploit the advantages of three theories. First, we consider topologies induced by binary relations and illustrate that binary relations can be researched by means of topology. Next, similarity of binary relations based on rough set theory and topology is introduced and the fact that every binary relation is solely similar to some preorder relation is proved. Finally, as an application of the similarity, topological structures of matroids are given.     

变精度覆盖粗糙集

介绍了Ziarko变精度粗糙集模型和覆盖粗糙集模型;定义了多数包含关系;借助引入的误差参数β（0≤β<0.5）,给出了基于对象邻域的变精度覆盖粗糙集模型中β上近似、β下近似、β边界和β负域的定义以及β近似质量和β粗糙性测度定义;详细讨论了β上、下近似算子的性质、集合的相对可辨别性、该模型与Ziarko变精度粗糙集模型和覆盖粗糙集模型的关系;最后探讨了变精度覆盖粗糙集模型中的约简问题并在所给模型的基础上举例说明了它们在信息处理中的应用。     

软模糊粗糙集

软集理论是1999年Molodtsov为了克服传统数学在处理不确定性问题时所遇到的困难而提出的一种新的数学工具。将软集理论与Z.Pawlak粗糙集结合起来,提出了软模糊粗糙集和软模糊粗糙群及它们的同态的概念,讨论了它们相关的性质。     

广义近似空间粗模糊度研究

模糊粗集理论是粗集理论的重要推广,研究广义近似空间下模糊粗集的模糊性具有重要的意义。文章研究了由对象-属性值偶对构成的广义模糊近似空间下模糊集合的粗模糊度问题,给出了其模糊度表示,并讨论它的性质。     

Rough fuzzy approximations on two universes of discourse

In rough set theory, the lower and upper approximation operators can be constructed via a variety of approaches. Various fuzzy generalizations of rough approximation operators have been made over the years. This paper presents a framework for the study of rough fuzzy sets on two universes of discourse. By means of a binary relation between two universes of discourse, a covering and three relations are induced to a single universe of discourse. Based on the induced notions, four pairs of rough fuzzy approximation operators are proposed. These models guarantee that the approximating sets and the approximated sets are on the same universes of discourse. Furthermore, the relationship between the new approximation operators and the existing rough fuzzy approximation operators on two universes of discourse are scrutinized, and some interesting properties are investigated. Finally, the connections of these approximation operators are made, and conditions under which some of these approximation operators are equivalent are obtained.     

变精度粗糙集模型及其应用研究

介绍了广义粗糙集模型和Ziarko变精度粗糙集模型,找出了它们的不足;借助引入的误差参数β(0≤β<0.5),给出了基于后继邻域的一般二元关系下变精度粗糙集模型的β上近似、β下近似、3边界和β负域的定义以及β近似质量和β粗糙性测度定义;详细讨论了β上、下近似算子的性质、该模型与其他粗糙集模型的关系以及一般二元关系下两种变精度粗糙集模型的关系;最后,举例说明了该模型在信息处理中的应用。     

Some properties of soft topological spaces

For dealing with uncertainty researchers introduced the concept of soft sets. Shabir and Naz (2011) [28], defined several basic notions on soft topology and studied many properties. In this paper, we continue investigating the properties of soft open (closed), soft nbd and soft closure. We also define and discuss the properties of soft interior, soft exterior and soft boundary which are fundamental for further research on soft topology and will strengthen the foundations of the theory of soft topological spaces.     

双论域粗糙集的矩阵表示

在双论域粗糙集中,不论是理论上还是应用上,矩阵方法都是一种简单且高效的计算方法。利用矩阵的方法来研究双论域粗糙集。提出了双论域上的关系矩阵,通过关系矩阵以及关系矩阵的转置,构造了两个布尔方阵。利用这两个布尔方阵的特征研究了双论域覆盖粗糙集的一些性质。定义了一种布尔矩阵之间新的运算,并且利用这个运算,简洁地表示了双论域覆盖粗糙集的上近似算子和关系粗糙集的下近似算子。     

两类广义粗糙集的拟阵结构

基于邻域粗糙集模型和覆盖粗糙集模型,分别构造了两类拟阵结构,即邻域上近似数诱导的拟阵和覆盖上近似数诱导的拟阵。一方面,通过广义粗糙集定义了两类上近似数,并证明了它们满足拟阵理论中的秩公理,从而由秩函数的观点出发得到了两类拟阵;另一方面,利用粗糙集方法研究了这两类拟阵的独立集、极小圈、闭包、闭集等的表达形式,说明了粗糙集中的上近似算子与拟阵中的闭包算子的关系,进一步通过探讨覆盖和拟阵的关系,得到了覆盖中的元素及其任意并是由覆盖上近似数诱导的拟阵的闭集。     

An axiomatic characterization of a fuzzy generalization of rough sets

In rough set theory, the lower and upper approximation operators defined by a fixed binary relation satisfy many interesting properties. Several authors have proposed various fuzzy generalizations of rough approximations. In this paper, we introduce the definitions for generalized fuzzy lower and upper approximation operators determined by a residual implication. Then we find the assumptions which permit a given fuzzy set-theoretic operator to represent a upper (or lower) approximation derived from a special fuzzy relation. Different classes of fuzzy rough set algebras are obtained from different types of fuzzy relations. And different sets of axioms of fuzzy set-theoretic operator guarantee the existence of different types of fuzzy relations which produce the same operator. Finally, we study the composition of two approximation spaces. It is proved that the approximation operators in the composition space are just the composition of the approximation operators in the two fuzzy approximation spaces.     

On intuitionistic fuzzy topologies based on intuitionistic fuzzy reflexive and transitive relations

Topologies and rough set theory are widely used in the research field of machine learning and cybernetics. An intuitionistic fuzzy rough set, which is the result of approximation of an intuitionistic fuzzy set with respect to an intuitionistic fuzzy approximation space, is an extension of fuzzy rough sets. For further studying the theories and applications of intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets, in this paper, we investigate the topological structures of intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets. We show that an intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation space can induce an intuitionistic fuzzy topological space in the sense of Lowen if and only if the intuitionistic fuzzy relation in the approximation space is reflexive and transitive. We also examine the sufficient and necessary conditions that an intuitionistic fuzzy topological space can be associated with an intuitionistic fuzzy reflexive and transitive relation such that the induced lower and upper intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are, respectively, the intuitionistic fuzzy interior and closure operators of the given topology.     

基于软粗糙集的犹豫模糊三支决策方法

三支决策理论采取“三分而治”的处理思路,为复杂问题求解提供了一种简洁高效的解决方案.对此,借助软集理论研究犹豫模糊集和三支决策方法,通过定义犹豫模糊集的值空间和值陪集,引入犹豫模糊集的典范软集、单位区间参数化软集和导出犹豫模糊集等概念,解决犹豫模糊集和软集的相互表示问题.此外,利用软粗糙集理论建立一种基于犹豫模糊集的广义粗糙模型,借助给定的预决策集,计算软上近似集并确定评价函数,进而提出一种基于软粗糙集的犹豫模糊三支决策方法.最后,通过两个数值实例和相关对比分析,验证所提出三支决策方法的合理性和有效性.     

Rough implication operator based on strong topological rough algebras

The role of topological De Morgan algebra in the theory of rough sets is investigated. The rough implication operator is introduced in strong topological rough algebra that is a generalization of classical rough algebra and a topological De Morgan algebra. Several related issues are discussed. First, the two application directions of topological De Morgan algebras in rough set theory are described, a uniform algebraic depiction of various rough set models are given. Secondly, based on interior and closure operators of a strong topological rough algebra, an implication operator (called rough implication) is introduced, and its important properties are proved. Thirdly, a rough set interpretation of classical logic is analyzed, and a new semantic interpretation of ?ukasiewicz continuous-valued logic system ?uk is constructed based on rough implication. Finally, strong topological rough implication algebra (STRI-algebra for short) is introduced. The connections among STRI-algebras, regular double Stone algebras and RSL-algebras are established, and the completeness theorem of rough logic system RSL is discussed based on STRI-algebras.