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低能重离子束注入小麦种子诱导根尖细胞有丝分裂畸变的研究 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
比较研究了低能重离子束注入小麦干种子和萌动的种子对种子发芽及根尖细胞有丝分裂畸变的影响。结果表明,离子注入对萌动的种子的发芽有明显的影响,而对干种子的发芽影响不明显。在一定剂量范围内(0-6×1016/cm2),N+注入诱导的萌动种子的有丝分裂畸变率略高于干种子,并且随辐射剂量的升高而升高;但超过一定的剂量(>6×1016/cm2),无论是干种子还是萌动种子的有丝分裂畸变率达到一定程度的饱和。就实验结果对N+离子束注入诱变的机理进行了一些探讨。 相似文献
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本实验采用不同剂量低能N^+注入小麦种子,研究种胚在萌动的不同阶段反转录转座子WIS2-1A的表达活动,分析低能N^+注入对WIS2-1A表达的时间效应和剂量效应。结果显示种子培养初始的60 h内,室温对照组、真空对照组、0.5×10^17 N^+/cm^-2注入组和1.0×10^17 N^+/cm^-2注入组的种胚中,反转录转座子WIS2-1A始终维持低水平的表达,且随着种子培养时间延长,表达活性显著下降。经过0.5×10^17N^+/cm^-2处理的小麦,在培养30 h时,种胚内WIS2-1A的相对表达量最高,达到对照的138倍。该发现表明反转录转座子WIS2-1A可能在低能离子束对当代小麦的诱变效应中起一定作用。掌握WIS2-1A对不同剂量低能N^+注入的敏感性和它的表达活动规律,能够为低能离子注入生物有机体产生诱变效应的理论研究提供基础。 相似文献
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利用兰州重离子加速器提供的12C6+和36Ar18+离子束对玉米自交系郑58、鲁9801、金象4C-1、CSR24001、308和478进行辐照诱变育种试验,探讨了重离子辐照对玉米的诱变效应。结果显示,重离子辐照后种子出苗率和成苗率根据材料不同表现不一,浸泡后种子对辐照敏感性增加。辐照后M1代叶型变异较大;M2代植株经济性状发生变异较多,产生了许多有益的突变性状;M3代部分突变性状能够稳定遗传。由此可见,重离子束辐照育种有利于品种改良和种质创新,是玉米遗传改良的一种有效手段。 相似文献
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N+注入对甘草幼苗部分耐旱特征效应的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
植物幼苗主根、侧根及下胚轴的生长和根冠比值的大小是幼苗耐旱的重要特征.对甘草干种子注入能量为25 kev、注量为600×2.6×1013-3600×2.6×1013/cm2的N+,其中1800×2.6×1013/cm2的N+注入量能有效提高甘草6 d幼苗的主根生长和30 d幼苗根冠比干重和鲜重,促进侧根发生;也能明显刺激6 d和30 d幼苗的下胚轴和主根、茎高的生长.该参数可以作为沙漠化地区建立甘草植被发挥离子束注入当代效应的N+辐照的能量、注量的参考参数.在实验注入N+的参数范围内甘草幼苗耐旱特征的应答也表现出"损伤-修复-损伤"效应. 相似文献
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电子束和离子注入处理鸡冠花种子对当代(Mo)植株生长发育影响的初步研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
利用电子束和氮离子、氢离子注入处理普通鸡冠花干种子,试验结果表明,两种诱变处理均能显著抑制鸡冠花植株的生长、发育,并能有效地诱发花性状变异,变异株率可达0.5%—2%。电子束处理鸡冠花干种子的半致死剂量(LD50)经测定为1.2kGy左右;离子注入处理的半致死剂量随注入离子种类不同而不同,N 注入的半致死剂量(LD50)为1.6×1017/cm2,H 注入的半致死剂量应低于1.6×1016/cm2。鸡冠花干种子电子束处理的适宜剂量为1.5kGy左右,离子注入处理的适宜方法是N 1.6×1016/cm2。同时鸡冠花对高剂量辐照较不敏感,是一种耐强辐照的资源。 相似文献
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This study investigated the effect of cold helium plasma treatment on seed germina- tion, growth and yield of wheat. The effects of different power of cold plasma on the germination of treated wheat seeds were studied. We found that the treatment of 80 W could significantly improve seed germination potential (6.0%) and germination rate (6.7%) compared to the control group. Field experiments were carried out for wheat seeds treated with 80 W cold plasma. Com- pared with the control, plant height (20.3%), root length (9.0%) and fresh weight (21.8%) were improved significantly at seedling stage. At booting stage, plant height, root length, fresh weight, stem diameter, leaf area and leaf thickness of the treated plant were respectively increased by 21.8%, 11.0%, 7.0%, 9.0%, 13.0% and 25.5%. At the same time, the chlorophyll content (9.8%), nitrogen (10.0%) and moisture content (10.0%) were higher than those of the control, indicating that cold plasma treatment could promote the growth of wheat. The yield of treated wheat was 7.55 t-ha-1, 5.89% more than that of the control. Therefore, our results show that cold plasma has important application prospects for increasing wheat yield. 相似文献
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Poppy seeds(Papaver somniferum L.) are often attacked by various fungal diseases,and their field germination rate is low.The aim of this experiment was to increase the germination rate and growth of seedlings by modifying the poppy seeds using cold plasma discharge.The seeds were treated in a Plasonic AR-550-M under power of 500 W with argon gas flow of 50 mL/min,oxygen gas flow of 50 mL/min for diferent time durations in seconds(0,180,300,600,1800,3000,4200,and 5400).The seed germination rate and growth of the seedlings were recorded.Cold plasma positively afected the seed germination rate for time exposure between 180~3000 s.Seedling acceleration on the sixth day of the experiment showed the highest values at exposure 180~600 s.Cold plasma seems to be a good physicochemical way to modify seeds without chemical agronomical application. 相似文献
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One of the most fascinating ignition schemes for the inertial fusion energy that might be feasible is fast ignition.Its targets are ignited on the outside surface so there is no need to low density and high temperature center is required by central hot spot ignition.Fast ignition concept is noteworthy for a simple but fundamental reason:In principle it requires less total energy input to achieve ignition.In this paper,fuel energy and fuel energy gain of nearly pure deuterium capsule are calculated.This capsule is ignited by a deuterium-tritium seed,which would reduce the tritium inventory to a few percentages.The variations of fuel energy gain versus fuel density have been studied and submitted.On the basis of different physical parameters the following results of the investigation are presented and discussed.The energy gain curves for different tritium concentrations are found and limiting gain curves are derived.Finally,tritium-poor fast ignitor is compared to equimolar deuterium-tritium fast ignitor. 相似文献
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选取农业副产物葵花籽壳作为吸附剂,研究其对溶液中铀酰离子的吸附性能。用元素分析、扫描电镜、红外光谱分析等方法对吸附铀前后的葵花籽壳进行分析和表征,通过静态实验分别研究了时间、温度、pH值、铀酰离子初始浓度、葵花籽壳用量等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明:吸附的适宜pH为5.0~6.0,35℃下,当铀溶液初始质量浓度为50mg/L,溶液pH=5.0,葵花籽壳质量浓度为1.00g/L时,饱和吸附量可达29.2mg/g。 相似文献
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以0.5 mm×3.0 mm碳棒为载体,氯化钯为前体,103Pd为放射性示踪剂,水合肼为还原剂,研究了化学沉积103Pd工艺。结果表明,化学沉积103Pd的优化条件为:2 g/L PdCl2、65 g/L Na2EDTA、700 mL/L 25%NH3•H2O、100 mL/L 5%H4N2•H2O,pH=10,时间90 min,温度50 ℃。化学沉积103Pd溶液稳定性好,反应易进行;有95%的103Pd沉积到载体棒上,碳棒对103Pd的吸收仅约为12%,103Pd利用率高;沉积层呈灰白色,表面平整;化学沉积103Pd批内均匀性好,重复性好。化学沉积103Pd技术可用于制备103Pd粒子和新型103Pd-125I复合粒子。 相似文献
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This work determined a new Monte Carlo code(FLUKA) that can be used to calculate the dosimetric characteristics of seed sources. Dosimetric parameters(dose rate constant, radial dose function, and anisotropy function) of model 6711125 I seed source were calculated with FLUKA. The results were compared to the relative data recommended by AAPM TG43U1: dose rate constant with FLUKA was in agreement with 2.041%;radial dose functions with FLUKA for distances ranging from 0.5 cm to 10 cm, the deviation was less than 5%.Therefore the FLUKA code can be used to calculate the dosimetric characteristics of seed sources. 相似文献
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用~(60)Co辐照源γ射线在不同剂量下辐照风干稻种(桂朝2号)。辐照后进行萌发。观察了萌发时的一些酶(过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、α-淀粉酶和磷酸酶)的水平。被考察的酶之中,过氧化氨酸与低剂量的γ辐照呈现明显的相关性(辐照剂量率750rad/min,剂量为0、250、750、1500和3000rad)。当幼苗用低浓度(约30 mM)的外源H_2O_2处理时,刺激了对照幼苗的过氧化氢酶活力。 相似文献