PP/Talc复合材料的非等温结晶动力学

用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究聚丙烯(PP)及PP／Talc复合材料的非等温结晶过程,加入滑石粉后,PP／Talc的结晶速率、结晶度得到明显提高。结合Avrami和Ozawa方程得出一个适合于非等温的结晶动力学方程,并由此获得PP／Talc复合材料的非等温结晶动力学参数,计算表明Talc能促进PP材料的结晶。     

纳米金刚石/PP复合材料的非等温结晶行为

采用熔融共混的方法制备了纳米金刚石/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,并研究了纳米金刚石在非等温条件下对PP非等温结晶动力学和结晶形态的影响。用Jeziorny法和Mo法对非等温结晶动力学分析发现,添加适量的纳米金刚石,提高了PP的结晶峰值温度Tp,加快了结晶速率。当纳米金刚石添加量为1%时,复合材料的Avrami速率常数(Zt)最大,结晶速率[F(T)]和半结晶时间(t1/2)最小。偏光显微镜观察结晶形态发现,纳米金刚石/PP复合材料的晶粒尺寸减小,结晶完善程度有所下降。复合材料的结晶活化能随着纳米金刚石含量的增加呈现先减少后增加,当纳米金刚石含量为3%时,复合材料的结晶活化能达到最低值21.08kJ/mol。     

纳米碳酸钙改性聚丙烯共聚物的非等温结晶动力学

用DSC手段考察了反应釜内原位共聚制备的含有成核剂及纳米碳酸钙的聚丙烯(PP)共聚物的非等温结晶行为。结果表明，成核剂使PP共聚物的结晶温度升高，结晶度降低，结晶速率略有提高。而纳米碳酸钙则大幅提高了PP共聚物的结晶温度和结晶速率，结晶度也增加了约10％。并采用Ozawa法和Caze法描述了非等温结晶动力学。     

PP/PP-g-MMA/M复合材料非等温结晶动力学研究

用示差扫描量热法(DSC)考察了聚丙烯(PP)、聚丙烯/云母(PP/M)和聚丙烯/聚(丙烯-g-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)/云母复合材料(PP/PP-g-MMA/M)的非等温结晶过程.用Avrami方程和Ozawa方程对上述过程进行分析,n、t1/2、F(T)、Tp等参数表明,M和PP-g-MMA,特别是PP-g-MMA的掺入改变了PP的结晶成核和生长机理.用Dobreva方法分析填料的成核活性,ε数值表明,M有较强的成核活性,PP-g-MMA的掺入又进一步增强其成核活性,从而使结晶温度明显提高.Kissinger方法的计算结果表明,添加M可使PP的结晶活化能减小,再添加PP-g-MMA又使PP/M复合体系的结晶活化能进一步减小.     

聚乙烯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料结晶动力学

采用熔融插层法制备了聚乙烯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料,利用示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了复合材料的等温及非等温结晶行为,并与纯聚乙稀进行了比较.通过Avrami方程,修正Avrami方程的Jeziorny法及Ozawa法分别对等温及非等温结晶过程进行了处理.结果表明:蒙脱土片层在复合材料结晶过程中起到了异相成核作用,复合材料的成核机理与生长方式已不同于聚乙烯;在相同结晶条件下,复合材料的结晶速率明显比聚乙烯快;纯PE的表观活化能为142.14 kJ/mol,而复合材料为158.38 kJ/mol,复合材料的活化能有一定程度提高;对非等温结晶过程分析,Jeziorny方法适用,而Ozawa方法不适用.     

SiO2-聚合物杂化微球改性聚丙烯的非等温结晶动力学

将原位乳液聚合制得的SiO2-聚合物杂化微球与聚丙烯熔融共混制备了SiO2/聚丙烯(SiO2/PP)复合材料,利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了SiO2/PP复合材料的非等温结晶动力学行为.结果表明,SiO2-聚合物杂化微球具有明显的异相成核效应,提高了PP的结晶温度和结晶速率,同时降低了PP的结晶度,提高了PP的结晶活化能.运用Mo法处理纯PP和SiO2/PP复合材料的非等温结晶动力学,结果显示SiO2-聚合物杂化粒子降低了聚丙烯在单位结晶时间内达到一定结晶度时所需的降温速率.     

UHMWPP／UHMWPE合金纤维结晶能力与结晶活化能研究

运用DSC手段研究了UHMWPP/UHMWPE合金纤维的非等温结晶行为.采用Avrami方程和Avrami-Ozawa方程的结合(莫氏法)分析了其结晶能力和结晶活化能.分析F(T)及△E数据可知,UHMWPE作为成核剂加入有效地降低了结晶活化能,使得UHMWPP的结晶更容易.     

双峰聚乙烯非等温结晶行为的研究

采用DSC方法研究了双峰聚乙烯(BPE)和茂金属聚乙烯(mPE)的非等温结晶过程,分别采用Ozawa方程和莫志深方法对所得的数据进行了处理。结果表明:茂金属聚乙烯结晶速率高于双峰聚乙烯。在实验范围内,两种聚乙烯的非等温结晶动力学均符合莫志深方程。     

PET-PEE/ATO纳米复合材料的非等温结晶动力学

采用无机纳米锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)和有机聚醚酯(PEE)协同提高聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)的抗静电性能,合成了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯-聚醚酯/锑掺杂二氧化锡纳米复合材料(PET-PEE/ATO)。使用Ozawa方程和Liu-Mo方程研究了PET-PEE/ATO纳米复合材料的非等温结晶过程。Ozawa方程研究发现,在非等温结晶过程中,PET、PET-PEE、PET/ATO、PET-PEE/ATO的成核性能依次提高。Liu-Mo方程发现,ATO和PEE的加入分别促进了异相成核作用和加快了结晶生长,PET-PEE/ATO结晶成核性能最好,结晶速率最快。     

MMT-PVAc/PA6/HDPE共混物中MMT纳米粒子对HDPE结晶性能的影响

采用γ-射线辐照法制备了聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)及聚醋酸乙烯酯／蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料。用熔融共混法制备了PVAc／PA6／HDPE与MMT—PVAc／PA6／HDPE共混物，通过DSC法研究了共混物中HDPE的非等温结晶行为，考察了MMT的存在对HDPE结晶行为的影响。结果表明，体系中MMT的存在有助于提高HDPE的结晶速率与晶体的完整性，单住时间内要达到不同的指定结晶度，所需的降温速率的变化幅度较小。     

SiO2-聚合物杂化微球改性聚丙烯的非等温结晶动力学

将原位乳液聚合制得的SiO₂-聚合物杂化微球与聚丙烯熔融共混制备了SiO₂/聚丙烯(SiO₂/PP)复合材料, 利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了SiO₂/PP复合材料的非等温结晶动力学行为。结果表明, SiO₂-聚合物杂化微球具有明显的异相成核效应, 提高了PP的结晶温度和结晶速率, 同时降低了PP的结晶度, 提高了PP的结晶活化能。运用Mo法处理纯PP和SiO₂/PP复合材料的非等温结晶动力学, 结果显示SiO₂-聚合物杂化粒子降低了聚丙烯在单位结晶时间内达到一定结晶度时所需的降温速率。     

聚丙烯/微晶纤维素复合材料的非等温结晶动力学研究

用熔融复合法制备聚丙烯/微晶纤维素复合材料,用DSC法研究其非等温结晶行为,分别用Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和Mo法对所得的数据进行处理.结果表明,Jeziorny法和Mo法处理非等温结晶过程比较理想,MCC的加入缩短了t1/2,起到了异相成核作用.     

Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Polyamide 6/Diamine-modified MWNTs Nanocomposite

The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of polyamide 6/diamine-modified multi-walled carbon nanotube (PA6/D-MWNT) nanocomposite was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The modified Avrami equation, the Ozawa equation and the combined Avrami/Ozawa equation were employed to analyze the non-isothermal crystallization data. The crystallization activation energies were also evaluated by the Kissinger method. It was found that the combined Avrami/Ozawa equation could successfully describe the non-isothermal crystallization process. The results showed that D-MWNTs not only acted as effective heterogeneous nucleating agents for PA6 and noticeably increased the crystallization temperature of PA6, but also influenced the mechanism of nucleation and crystal growth of PA6 and then reduced the overall crystallization rate of the neat PA6 matrix. The crystallization activation energy for the nanocomposite sample was greater than that of the neat PA6, which indicated that the addition of D-MWNTs hindered the mobility of PA6 chain segments.     

熔融聚合耐高温聚酰胺的非等温结晶动力学研究

通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了熔融聚合耐高温聚酰胺10T以及10T/11树脂在不同降温速率下的非等温结晶行为。通过Jeziorny法、Ozawa法以及Mo法分析了PA10T和PA10T/11的非等温结晶动力学,并采用Kissinger法、Takhor法以及Vyazovkin法计算了体系的结晶活化能。结果表明,在初期结晶阶段,PA10T和PA10T/11晶体的生长方式是一维针状生长和二维片状生长并存,同时存在异相成核现象;Jeziorny法、Mo法适合研究PA10T和PA10T/11树脂的非等温结晶过程,而Ozawa法不适合研究其非等温结晶过程;随着11-氨基十一酸含量增加,非等温结晶活化能的绝对值呈现先减小后增大再减小的变化趋势,说明结晶速率呈现先增加后减少再增加的变化趋势。     

茂金属聚乙烯(mPE-1)的非等温结晶行为

对茂金属聚乙烯(mPE-1)和传统的Ziegler-Natta聚乙烯(PE7042)的非等温结晶行为进行了研究.用DSC测试了两种聚乙烯的非等温结晶过程,采用Jeziorny法、莫志深法和Gupta法等对所得数据进行了分析.结果发现,mPE-1的结晶速率比PE7042低.在实验范围内,两种物料的非等温结晶动力学符合莫志深方程,并给出了动力学参数F(T)和a值.     

Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

This article reports the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanocomposites. The non-isothermal crystallization behaviors of PET and the nanocomposite samples are studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Various models, namely the Avrami method, the Ozawa method, and the combined Avrami-Ozawa method, are applied to describe the kinetics of the non-isothermal crystallization. The combined Avrami and Ozawa models proposed by Liu and Mo also fit with the experimental data. Different kinetic parameters determined from these models prove that in nanocomposite samples intercalated silicate particles are efficient to start crystallization earlier by nucleation, however, the crystal growth decrease in nanocomposites due to the intercalation of polymer chains in the silicate galleries. Polarized optical microscopy (POM) observations also support the DSC results. The activation energies for crystallization has been estimated on the basis of three models such as Augis-Bennett, Kissinger and Takhor methods follow the trend PET/2C20A < PET/1.3C20A < PET, indicating incorporation of organoclay enhance the crystallization by offering large surface area.     

Non-isothermal crystallization of polyamide 6 matrix in all-polyamide composites: crystallization kinetic, melting behavior, and crystal morphology

The difference in the melting points of polyamide 66 (PA66) fiber and polyamide 6 (PA6) film permits the preparation of all-polyamide (all-PA) composites by film-packing. Good interface performance and integrated consolidation structure in this all-PA composite are contributed to the similar chemical composition between PA66 fiber and PA6 matrix. In this paper, the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics and melting behaviors of PA6 matrix in all-PA composite are studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in which the modified Avrami equation, Ozawa model, and Mo equation combining Avrami and Ozawa equation are employed. It is found that the Mo equation exhibits great advantages in treating the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics for both neat PA6 and PA6 matrix in all-PA composite. The crystal morphologies of single PA66 fiber–PA6 composite by polarizing microscope (POM) clearly show a transcrystallinity layer of PA6 around PA66 fiber that proves a remarkable nucleation effect of PA66 fiber surface on the crystallization of PA6 matrix.     

聚氨酯相变材料的结晶动力学研究进展

综述了聚氨酯相变储能材料的结晶原理及研究现状,包括材料的合成,软、硬段种类及含量对结晶性能的影响;介绍了影响结晶的因素,并以Avrami方程、Ozawa方程、莫志深方程、Dutta方程、Kissinge方程为代表阐述聚氨酯相变储能材料等温结晶动力学和非等温结晶动力学的研究成果;论述了流动诱导结晶中,外力场通过影响材料的结晶动力学参数,改变材料的凝聚态结构从而改变其物理性能的作用;分析了聚氨酯相变材料在结晶动力学研究中的问题和意义,通过聚氨酯相变材料结晶动力学的研究为改变材料性能提供理论依据。