聚醚碳酸酯多元醇合成及其在聚氨酯中的应用

详细综述了合成聚醚碳酸酯多元醇用双金属氰化物络合物(DMC)催化剂的研究进展,及聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的合成及其在聚氨酯中的应用的研究进展。与目前通用的聚醚多元醇相比,使用CO_2和环氧烷烃聚合制备的聚醚碳酸酯多元醇具有明显的成本优势和广阔的发展前景。目前应重点进行高活性、高选择性催化剂的研究以及聚醚碳酸酯多元醇在聚氨酯合成中替代聚醚多元醇的研究。     

高相对分子质量低不饱和度聚醚多元醇技术进展

阐述了传统聚醚多元醇的技术进展、合成高相对分子质量低不饱和度聚醚多元醇的催化体系及研究进展，对高相对分子质量低不饱和度聚醚多元醇在聚氨酯泡沫、弹性体和密封胶中的应用进行概述，并就其未来发展提出建议。     

高阻燃软泡聚醚多元醇ZSR-290的制备及应用

以高活性聚醚1618A、三聚氰胺、甲醛水溶液和双氰胺等为原料,有机锡络合物为催化剂,自制的聚脲多元醇为高效分散剂,合成了高阻燃聚醚多元醇ZSR-290。探讨了含氮类有机化合物、合成聚脲多元醇时的陈化温度、高效分散剂用量等因素对高阻燃聚醚多元醇性能的影响。用本阻燃聚醚产品制得的聚氨酯泡沫具有良好力学性能以及离火自熄的优良阻燃性能。     

天津石化聚醚多元醇中试通过鉴定

中石化天津石化公司完成的高相对分子质量高EO（环氧乙烷）加聚醚多元醇中试项目近日通过专家鉴定。高相对分子质量高EO加聚聚醚多元醇生产工艺的开发成功,开拓了聚醚多元醇的应用领域。中试合成技术及配方均由天津石化聚醚部科研人员自主完成。     

氨基树脂改性聚醚多元醇的合成及残留甲醛的去除

以三聚氰胺、尿素、甲醛溶液、高活性聚醚多元醇为原料合成了氨基树脂改性聚醚多元醇。讨论了甲醛、三聚氰胺投料比对改性聚醚多元醇稳定性的影响,确定了减压脱除甲醛的最佳条件,对比了不同甲醛去除剂的除醛效果,并考察了改性聚醚多元醇的阻燃效果。结果表明,当甲醛与三聚氰胺投料摩尔比确定为4．5时,合成的改性聚醚多元醇稳定性最好;改性聚醚多元醇减压脱醛温度控制为100～120℃,时间为8h,可达到最佳脱醛效果;结合减压脱醛处理,再先后用氧化剂、甲醛捕捉剂和光触媒的分别处理可将制成高回弹聚氨酯泡沫的甲醛量降低至16mg／kg;以改性聚醚多元醇制成的高回弹聚氨酯泡沫氧指数达到27％,最大烟密度值为4．11。     

聚醚多元醇的生产现状及技术进展

介绍了聚醚多元醇的生产现状和合成聚醚多元醇的催化剂、精制处理和热稳定剂的工就国内合成聚多元醇技术发展方向提出建议 。     

高官能度高分子量高活性聚醚多元醇的合成与应用

以甘油和固体山梨醇为混合起始剂,环氧丙烷、环氧乙烷为主要原料,采用不同聚合工艺,分别合成了官能度4.5,羟值约为28 mgKOH/g的高官能度高分子量高活性聚醚多元醇JQN-6628,讨论不同聚合工艺对聚醚多元醇理化指标的影响,并进行了醛含量的对比.结果表明,采用磷腈盐类催化剂合成的聚醚多元醇的理化指标、醛含量明显低于...     

阻燃聚合物聚醚多元醇的合成及其阻燃性能的研究

采用高活性聚醚多元醇作为基础聚醚,将几种含氮化合物分散或接枝到高活性聚醚多元醇结构中,生成含有聚合物微粒分散体的接枝型阻燃聚合物聚醚多元醇.重点对阻燃聚合物聚醚多元醇合成的条件、原料最佳配比以及在聚氨酯泡沫中的阻燃性能进行了研究.结果表明,此种方法合成的阻燃聚合物聚醚多元醇具有颗粒分布均匀、粘度低、物料流动性好等优点,...     

不同合成工艺的聚醚多元醇对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响

分别采用低不饱和度聚醚多元醇DL-1000D和氧氧化钾体系聚醚多元醇DL-1000与TDI-80反应合成出聚氨酯预聚体,比较了2种不同聚醚多元醇合成预聚体的工艺性能、预聚体的稳定性和由它们合成聚氨酯弹性体制品的力学性能和耐磨性能。结果表明,二者的丁艺性能和稳定性相当,采用前者合成的聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能比后者高10％左右,耐磨性能按阿克隆磨耗测试提高17．6％。     

聚醚多元醇的研究进展

聚醚多元醇是生产聚氨酯原料之一,本文从聚醚多元醇合成工艺入手,重点从催化剂角度阐述了聚醚多元醇的合成,并对今后的发展提出建议.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。