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伴随电化学学科的发展,薄膜电极制作技术已经与最新的材料制作技术链接。结合薄膜电极在军事、能源、环境保护、催化反应以及生物化学等领域的应用,综述了薄膜电极分类、各种电极的制备技术,特别是ITO电极、纳米晶体管电极和导电高分子薄膜晶体管电极,在电子纸等显示器件方面的应用。认为复合电极是未来的发展方向,分子自组合有序膜技术在薄膜电极加工方面用途广泛。 相似文献
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前言现代材料科学的重大成就之一就是薄膜材料的迅速发展。可以说所有先进技术的发展都与薄膜材料的应用有关,特别是功能薄膜材料。大规模集成电路、大型计算机及电子光学、电子学的大部分关键装置都得益于薄膜材料的使用。而且,随着现代科学技术的发展,各种各样的功能薄膜或特殊薄膜的应用越来越广泛。因而人们对薄膜材料的制备技术给予了高度重视,各国不借投入大量人力和物力对制备薄膜材料的技术进行开发和研究。 相似文献
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由于环境友好性、高的地球丰度和稳定的物理化学性质,三氧化钨在光电响应、光催化领域应用潜力巨大,受到了人们的广泛关注.薄膜形态的光催化材料能够避免粉体材料的团聚问题,并且在转移、回收再利用方面优势明显,因此制备用于光催化的三氧化钨薄膜是当前的研究前沿.本文通过磁控溅射在石英玻璃基底上沉积三氧化钨薄膜,研究了不同基底温度对薄膜结构和形貌的影响.采用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、场发射扫描电镜、紫外可见吸收光谱、电化学工作站、光催化自组装平台对薄膜的成分形貌、光电化学性能、光催化活性进行表征.测试结果表明:基底温度为500℃时制备的单斜相三氧化钨薄膜具有较好的结晶性和更少缺陷,在500℃的基底温度下,新出现的(002)晶面取向的晶粒导致薄膜表面粗糙度和表面能增加,提升了光生电子空穴分离效率.光降解实验进一步证实此条件下制备的样品表现出最佳的光降解效率.可见,基底温度对磁控溅射制备的三氧化钨薄膜的光电化学性能有明显的调控作用. 相似文献
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吴丽君 《真空科学与技术学报》2001,21(4):342-347
作为制备和生产功能薄膜的方法之一,溅射法广泛应用于许多领域.它是目前制备金属薄膜最常用的工艺.作为高技术用的靶材是一种全新的概念.随着高技术用新材料突飞猛进的发展,世界靶材的市场销售规模日益扩大.本文重点介绍了靶材的发展概况、应用分类、制备工艺、技术要求以及中国靶材产业的发展前景等. 相似文献
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铝合金功能薄膜与溅射靶材 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年来,铝合金广泛用于生产多种功能薄膜,作为制备高性能溅射薄膜用的铝合金靶材也得到了相应的应用。本重点介绍应用于不同领域的几种铝合金功能薄膜,简述了铝合金薄膜与溅射靶材的制备工艺、铝合金靶材的显微结构及其对溅射薄膜性能的影响,最后指出了铝合金薄膜及溅射靶材的发展趋势。 相似文献
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Haribabu Palneedi Jung Hwan Park Deepam Maurya Mahesh Peddigari Geon‐Tae Hwang Venkateswarlu Annapureddy Jong‐Woo Kim Jong‐Jin Choi Byung‐Dong Hahn Shashank Priya Keon Jae Lee Jungho Ryu 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(14)
Recent technological advances in developing a diverse range of lasers have opened new avenues in material processing. Laser processing of materials involves their exposure to rapid and localized energy, which creates conditions of electronic and thermodynamic nonequilibrium. The laser‐induced heat can be localized in space and time, enabling excellent control over the manipulation of materials. Metal oxides are of significant interest for applications ranging from microelectronics to medicine. Numerous studies have investigated the synthesis, manipulation, and patterning of metal oxide films and nanostructures. Besides providing a brief overview on the principles governing the laser–material interactions, here, the ongoing efforts in laser irradiation of metal oxide films and nanostructures for a variety of applications are reviewed. Latest advances in laser‐assisted processing of metal oxides are summarized. 相似文献
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Xuan Zhang Linfeng Chen Kang Hui Lim Spandhana Gonuguntla Kang Wen Lim Dicky Pranantyo Wai Pong Yong Wei Jian Tyler Yam Zhida Low Wee Joon Teo Hao Ping Nien Qiao Wen Loh Siowling Soh 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2019,31(11)
Systems that are intelligent have the ability to sense their surroundings, analyze, and respond accordingly. In nature, many biological systems are considered intelligent (e.g., humans, animals, and cells). For man‐made systems, artificial intelligence is achieved by massively sophisticated electronic machines (e.g., computers and robots operated by advanced algorithms). On the other hand, freestanding materials (i.e., not tethered to a power supply) are usually passive and static. Hence, herein, the question is asked: can materials be fabricated so that they are intelligent? One promising approach is to use stimuli‐responsive materials; these “smart” materials use the energy supplied by a stimulus available from the surrounding for performing a corresponding action. After decades of research, many interesting stimuli‐responsive materials that can sense and perform smart functions have been developed. Classes of functions discussed include practical functions (e.g., targeting and motion), regulatory functions (e.g., self‐regulation and amplification), and analytical processing functions (e.g., memory and computing). The pathway toward creating truly intelligent materials can involve incorporating a combination of these different types of functions into a single integrated system by using stimuli‐responsive materials as the basic building blocks. 相似文献
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目的 介绍稻米加工副产物中主要生物大分子(如大米蛋白、米糠蛋白、大米淀粉)构建膜材料的研究进展,以期为新型食品包装的研发及应用提供重要参考。方法 综述目前以稻米加工副产物为基础的膜材料的开发,探讨可有效改善成膜特性的方法与手段;分析基于抑菌成分构建的稻米源膜材料在鸡蛋、水产品、果蔬等食品保鲜领域的应用潜力,展望稻米加工副产物基膜研究可能面临的挑战与存在问题。结论 稻米加工副产物基膜的开发在绿色食品包装领域有较好的应用潜力,对提升其副产品的高效增值具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Hydrothermal processing of materials: past,present and future 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The hydrothermal technique provides an excellent possibility for processing of advanced materials whether it is bulk single
crystals, or fine particles, or nanoparticles. The advantages of hydrothermal technology have been discussed in comparison
with the conventional methods of materials processing. The current trends in hydrothermal materials processing has been described
in relation to the concept of soft solution processing, as a single-step low energy consuming fabrication technique. Also
some recent developments in multi-energy processing of materials such as microwave-hydrothermal, mechanochemical-hydrothermal,
electrochemical-hydrothermal, sonar-hydrothermal, etc. have been discussed. An overview of the past, present and future perspective
of hydrothermal technology as a tool to fabricate advanced materials has been given with appropriate examples. 相似文献
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与传统的共聚物增容相比,无机粒子能够以较低的成本实现多组分高分子材料的高性能化及功能化,在新型材料的制备方面具有巨大的潜力,因此引起了学术界及产业界的广泛兴趣。该领域研究核心问题在于揭示纳米粒子对多组分高分子材料在加工条件下的形态控制机理。结合作者课题组的相关工作,从平衡增容和非平衡增容的角度,分别综述了国内外近年来在含无机粒子的多组分材料的结构形成机理及演化规律等方面的理论及实验研究进展,讨论了该领域研究中在实验现象及机理解释等方面存在的主要分歧与问题,建议下一步需要在粒子细节特性、流场条件、实验手段以及研究体系等方面深化研究。最后,对含无机粒子多组分高分子材料在导热/导电、能源、生物等功能材料制备领域中的一些潜在应用进行了简单介绍。 相似文献
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结构功能一体化的高性能陶瓷材料的研究与开发 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从当前新材料的开发和材料科学发展向多功能、小型化、复合化、低成本制备等要求出发, 并就现有高性能陶瓷材料的基本性能和材料制备工艺上的优缺点进行了分析;简要介绍了碳化硅(SiC)陶瓷、 添加Nd的钇铝石榴子石(Nd-YAG)陶瓷、掺有稀土的氮化硅(RE-Si3N4)陶瓷等几种具有结构和功能一体化高性能陶瓷材料的优良性能,可能的应用以及目前存在的问题,特别是在基础研究和制备科学上今后应予以关注的方面。 相似文献