超临界CO2萃取与同轴喷嘴耦合制备花椒油微胶囊

采用正交实验研究了超临界CO2萃取花椒油的工艺,探讨了萃取压力、温度和时间等因素对花椒萃取率的影响。并初步研究了在一定条件下,利用同轴喷嘴将萃取出的花椒油直接喷雾干燥制备微胶囊过程中,壁材浓度、壁材流量、CO2流量、进风温度等对包埋率的影响。     

超声强化超临界流体萃取薏苡仁油和薏苡仁酯的影响因素及效果

考察了超声强化超临界流体萃取(USFE)薏苡仁中的薏苡仁油和薏苡仁酯的效果。以 CO2作为超临界流体分别研究了萃取过程中萃取温度、萃取压力、原料颗粒大小、超临界流体流量、超声参数、萃取时间等因素对萃取率的影响,并与超临界流体萃取(SFE)进行对比。结果表明,超声强化超临界流体萃取过程,最适宜的萃取温度为 40℃,比超临界流体萃取的最适宜的萃取温度降低了 5℃;最适宜的萃取压力为 20Mpa, 比超临界流体萃取的最适宜的萃取压力降低了 5Mpa;最佳萃取时间为 3.5h,比超临界流体萃取的最佳萃取时间缩短了 0.5h;萃取率提高约 10%左右。若萃取率相同时,流体流量可减少 0.5L·h-1 ,原料粒径的要求可放宽。     

萘油组分的超临界萃取工艺研究

以乙醇为超临界萃取剂,利用恒容升温法对綦油组分中的萘、苊和芴进行超临界萃取工艺研究,对萃余液进行气相色谱检测,通过差量法计算其萃取率和超临界浓度,结果表明,超临界乙醇对萘油组分的萃取具有较好的效果,在萃取温度为270℃、萃取压力为13MPa时,萃取效果最好;萘、苊、芴3种物质超临界萃取规律明显;萘油组分的超临界乙醇萃取工艺绿色环保,切实可行。     

超临界流体及其在萃取中的应用

综述了超临界流体、超临界流体萃取技术及其在工业生产中的应用等,着重介绍了超临界流体萃取的原理和萃取装置,并对超临界流体萃取的发展新趋势作了分析。     

超临界乙醇萃取咔唑的实验研究

以乙醇为超临界萃取基剂,采用恒容升温法研究了超临界乙醇对煤焦油蒽油组分咔唑的萃取效果,探讨了温度和压力对萃取效果的影响。结果表明,在萃取温度为270-280℃、萃取压力为12MPa左右时,咔唑的溶解度较大、萃取率较高,萃取效果明显;温度和压力对超临界乙醇萃取咔唑影响显著;超临界乙醇萃取单组分咔唑效果较好。     

超临界CO2萃取番茄红素研究进展

超临界萃取技术是利用气体在超临界状态下的特殊性能,进行萃取和分离的新技术,广泛应用与食品和化学工业。使用超临界二氧化碳技术对番茄红素进行萃取提取分离,其萃取温度、压力、二氧化碳流速、夹带剂和萃取时间对番茄红素的收率都有一定影响。本文综述了近年来,超临界二氧化碳萃取番茄红素提取技术的研究进展,为番茄红素的绿色提取和研究开发提供参考。     

超临界CO_2萃取修复污染土壤的发展与展望

从超临界CO_2随着温度、压力的变化特征和国内外超临界CO_2萃取修复污染土壤技术等方面系统地分析了国内外超临界CO_2萃取修复技术的研究现状、超临界CO_2萃取修复技术的优缺点和适用性,展望了超临界CO_2萃取修复污染土壤技术发展趋势。     

超临界二氧化碳萃取天然产物的应用现状

超临界二氧化碳萃取技术具有着萃取速度快,效率高,且操作参数易于控制,耗能低等的优点,被越来越多的学者所研究。为了进一步的了解超临界二氧化碳萃取技术的应用现状,本文介绍了超临界二氧化碳萃取技术的原理,综述了该技术在天然产物挥发油、生物碱、天然色素、醌类、黄酮提取中的应用,并展望了超临界二氧化碳萃取技术的发展前景,为超临界二氧化碳萃取技术在天然产物中的提取提供参考和借鉴。     

超临界萃取技术研究现状与应用

简要介绍了超临界萃取技术的背景,并对超临界萃取技术做相关概述。着重介绍了强化萃取的方法和超临界萃取技术的工业应用。     

超声强化超临界流体萃取海藻脱氢乙酸的研究

研究了超声强化超临界流体萃取海藻DHA技术,研究了萃取温度、萃取压力、流体流量以及萃取时间的影响.结果表明超声强化超临界流体萃取可以降低萃取温度、萃取压力以及超临界流体的流量,还可缩短萃取时间,提高萃取率.     

超临界CO_2萃取辣椒油实验研究

研究了利用超临界CO2为萃取剂,从辣椒中萃取分离辣椒油的工艺。考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、辣椒原料颗粒大小以及CO2流量等因素对辣椒油萃取率的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺参数为:压力22 MPa,CO2流量0.3~0.4 m3/h,颗粒度30~50目,温度315 K。超临界萃取法具有工艺简单、操作安全、产品无溶剂残留、提取率高等优点。     

Comparison of different methods for the determination of the oil content in oilseeds

The investigation and assessment of the oil content of oilseeds are important criteria, especially for the oil milling trade. Standard methods for the determination of the oil content of oilseeds are very time consuming, with extraction periods of 4 to 8 h. Three different oilseeds—rapeseed, sunflower, and soybean—are extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), accelerated solvent extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, solid fluid vortex extraction, and Soxtherm, and the results are compared with the result of the German Fat Science Society (DGF) standard method B-I 5 (87). Besides, the extracts are analyzed regarding the content of tocopherols as a parameter for mild extraction conditions and the content of diglycerides and free fatty acids as parameters for the content of more polar lipids. The results of the determination of the oil content under optimal conditions are comparable with the results of the DGF standard method B-I 5 (87). There are no significant differences between the different methods. The content of tocopherols is dependent upon the extraction method and the type of oilseed. The highest content is obtained by SFE. The content of diglycerides and free fatty acids varied according to the oilseed.     

Role and effect of supercritical fluid extraction of template on the Ti(IV) active sites of Ti-MCM-41

Supercritical fluid (supercritical carbon dioxide mixed with methanol) has been used as an extraction medium for the removal of template for a series of titanosilicates. Mesoporous titanosilicates Ti-MCM-41 with variable Si/Ti ratio (200–25) have been prepared by hydrothermal method. The location and coordination of titanium in the calcined and extracted titanosilicate mesoporous molecular sieve was studied by FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectra, ²⁹Si NMR, combined with XRD and TG/DTA. Up to 97% template can be removed by extraction and the extracted material are hydrophobic in character. Removal of template by supercritical fluid extraction have no effect what so ever on the elemental composition of Ti-MCM-41 as well as it improves the structural ordering which was confirmed by XRD. Unequivocal evidences are presented to confirm the presence of same chemical environment of active titanium site after extraction, as present in as-synthesized material. It was also reported that, the entire extracted solid exhibited catalytic activity superior to that of the calcined product for epoxidation of cyclohexene because of the hydrophobic character and unchanged active framework titanium site.     

超临界流体萃取脱除人参中痕量有机氯农药

利用在线固相吸附柱收集,淋洗剂洗脱超临界流体萃取出的真实人参样品中的有机氯农残实验,确定最佳的吸附柱和淋洗剂。通过实验确定利用C18作吸附剂,用正己烷洗脱可取得最优效果。此外,还对直接冷凝收集法、索氏提取法与固相吸附柱收集法进行了对比。     

超临界流体萃取技术在中药挥发油提取中的共性的初步研究

超临界流体萃取技术在中药材有效成分的萃取,尤其是在挥发油提取方面应用较多。选取三味中药材作为代表,通过正交试验及单因素考察来筛选最佳的提取条件。同时结合相关研究成果,总结提取条件,寻找共性规律。结果表明超临界萃取技术在中药挥发油提取中的共性条件包括:萃取压力20~30 MPa,萃取温度35~50℃,萃取时间2~3 h。     

A STUDY ON SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF L-PROLINE

The extraction of L-proline from the fermentation broth filtrate with the supercritical fluid was studied. It has been proved that L-proline and most amino acids are hardly dissolved in the pure supercritical carbon dioxide fluid. When the methyl alcohol was added as an entrainer in L-proline solution or carbon dioxide fluid, the solubility of L-proline in the supercritical fluid would be greatly increased, but ethyl alcohol was unsatisfactory as an entrainer.The influences of extraction pressure, temperature, time, flow rate of fluid, concentrations of L-proline and entrainer on the yield of L-proline have been investigated for searching the optimal extraction conditions.     

植物农药提取及纯化新技术研究

综述了新型分离技术如超临界流体萃取、微波辅助提取、超声技术提取和液膜萃取技术提取特点以及它们在植物农药提取分离中的应用研究进展,简要叙述了其发展前景。     

植物提取物饲料添加剂的研究进展

从植物提取物的原料来源、活性成分、提取工艺及其作为饲料添加剂的功能性评价和质量评价几个方面进行了综述。植物提取物的活性成分基本可以分为植物多酚、生物碱类、挥发油类、有机酸类、多糖类和植物色素等,其提取工艺主要有超临界流体萃取、亚临界流体萃取、生物酶法和半仿生提取法等,其作为饲料添加剂具有抗氧化性、抗菌性、改善胃肠功能和促生长等功效。     

超临界二氧化碳萃取在石油工业中的应用探究

随着化工工程的发展,超临界技术得以发展并被广泛的应用到了各个领域之中,尤其是石油化工行业。二氧化碳、乙醇、丙烯等气体都可作为流体萃取的溶剂,而在石油工业中,二氧化碳萃取具有独特的优势。对以二氧化碳为溶剂的超临界流体萃取技术在石油工业中的应用情况进行分析与探究。     

New method for the direct analysis of supercritical fluid coal extraction and liquefaction

A new method is described for the direct mass spectrometric analysis of the products of coal supercritical fluid extraction processes. Coal placed in an extraction cell was elevated to supercritical conditions with pressure regulation by a high pressure pump. The extracted products were continuously analysed by direct fluid injection into a mass spectrometer chemical ionization ion source. The extraction process was observed as a function of pressure to determine threshold pressures for individual solutes or as a function of temperature at constant pressure. The method was demonstrated for a supercritical fluid extraction of a bituminous coal by a mixture of n-pentane and 2-propanol at 280 °C and 0.5–10 MPa.