Al10Zn2.9Mg1.7Cu超高强铝合金的喷射成形制备研究

采用喷射成形技术制备了Al10Zn2.9Mg1.7Cu高强高韧铝合金沉积坯件，研究了喷射成形制备过程中各工艺参数对沉积坯件的成形性、显微组织、致密度的影响，确定了适当的工艺参数，研究了沉积坯件的热挤压及热处理工艺，对材料的组织进行了分析并对不同状态的材料性能进行了比较。研究结果表明：当喷射成形工艺参数合理时，沉积坯件具有良好的成形性与致密度，在随后的热挤压过程中，通过较低的挤压比即可使材料达到全致密；通过对合金进行适当的热处理，材料的极限抗拉强度达到810MPa，同时延伸率保持在8％-11％，该材料是一种理想的轻质高强结构材料。     

Al_(10)Zn_(2.9)Mg_(1.7)Cu超高强铝合金的喷射成形制备研究

采用喷射成形技术制备了Al1 0 Zn2 .9Mg1 .7Cu高强高韧铝合金沉积坯件 ,研究了喷射成形制备过程中各工艺参数对沉积坯件的成形性、显微组织、致密度的影响 ,确定了适当的工艺参数 ,研究了沉积坯件的热挤压及热处理工艺 ,对材料的组织进行了分析并对不同状态的材料性能进行了比较。研究结果表明 :当喷射成形工艺参数合理时 ,沉积坯件具有良好的成形性与致密度 ,在随后的热挤压过程中 ,通过较低的挤压比即可使材料达到全致密 ;通过对合金进行适当的热处理 ,材料的极限抗拉强度达到 810MPa ,同时延伸率保持在 8%～ 11% ,该材料是一种理想的轻质高强结构材料。     

喷射成形Al11.4Zn2.6Mg1.7Cu合金沉积态显微组织分析

利用喷射成形工艺制备了Al1 1 .4Zn2 .6Mg1 .7Cu超高强铝合金材料 ,用金相、SEM、TEM等测试方法对其显微组织进行了分析。研究结果表明 :沉积坯件主要由等轴晶粒构成 ,晶粒平均直径约为 2 3μm ,添加的合金元素Zn ,Mg和Cu呈有规律的分布 ,通过XRD和TEM分析 ,Al1 1 .4Zn2 .6Mg1 .7Cu铝合金沉积坯件中第二相主要包括六方结构的MgZn2 相、四方结构的Al2 Cu相和斜方晶格的Al2 CuMg相。     

喷射成形Al11.4Zn2.6Mg1.7Cu合金沉积、预热和挤压3种状态的显微组织分析

利用金相、XRD、SEM、TEM等测试方法对喷射成形工艺制备的Al11.4Zn2.6Mg1.7Cu超高强铝合金材料沉积、预热和挤压3种不同状态的显微组织演变进行了分析。结果表明:沉积坯件和预热坯件的显微组织都由等轴晶粒组成,晶粒平均尺寸分别约为23和24μm,没有发生明显变化,经过热挤压后,晶粒沿挤压方向拉长;合金在沉积、预热、挤压3种不同状态,一次析出相主要组成为MgZn2,Al2Cu和Al2CuMg相,没有发生变化。沉积坯件晶内呈针状、类球状和块状等形态的MgZn2相经过热挤压之后在一定程度上被破碎,尺寸变小,弥散分布于晶内;原来存在晶界上的尺寸稍大的Al2CuMg相经过热挤压之后被剧烈破碎,由在沉积态中主要呈现的骨骼状变为尺寸细小的不规则形态,并沿挤压方向分布;Al11.4Zn2.6Mg1.7Cu超高强铝合金中添加的主要合金元素在沉积、预热、挤压3种状态中的分布规律没有发生变化。     

喷射成形工艺参数及热挤压制度对8009耐热铝合金的组织及性能的影响

采用喷射成形方法制备了A1-8．5Fe-1．4v-1．7Si(8009)耐热铝合金，研究了喷射成形工艺参数及沉积坯件的热挤压工艺对材料的微观组织及性能的影响。结果表明：喷射成形工艺能够有效地抑制8009合金中粗大的富铁相的析出，获得均匀细小的组织；当喷射成形工艺参数选择适当时，沉积坯件具有良好的成形性与致密度，在随后的热挤压过程中，通过较低的挤压比即可使材料达到全致密。合金经过热挤压后，在室温及高温下均具有良好的力学性能。     

喷射沉积Al-Fe-V-Si系耐热铝合金制备工艺的研究

采用两种不同喷嘴喷射沉积制备了Al-Fe-V-Si系耐热铝合金，并对沉积坯件的热挤压工艺进行了优化，对材料的组织和性能进行了比较。结果表明：采用做扫描运动的非约束式复合喷嘴和G／M为4．3米喷射沉积。沉积坯件具有良好的成形性和高达93％的致密度，通过随后的热挤压可使材料十分接近全致密，其室温下的挤压棒材σb达538MPa。     

气/液比对喷射成形超高强铝合金显微组织及性能的影响研究

采用喷射成形技术制备了Al11Zn2．8Mg1．8Cu超高强铝合金，研究了G／M比对材料显微组织及室温机械性能的影响。结果表明：喷射成形沉积坯件微观组织均匀、细小，晶粒基本为球形或类球形，T相和S相数量大幅度减小（与铸造相比）；随着G／M比的增大，喷射成形沉积坯件的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小，低熔点共晶相的数量也逐渐减少，但收得率逐渐降低。研究结果表明理想的G／M值为4．5～5．0kg／kg，此时晶粒度为15～25μm，致密度可达到94％～96％，收得率可以达到60％～65％，极限抗拉强度为800～830MPa，同时延伸率在9％以上。     

热挤压对喷射沉积7055铝合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用全自动控制往复喷射成形工艺制备工业规格7055铝合金锭坯,研究热挤压工艺对喷射成形7055铝合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。采用电子背散射衍射技术对经不同热挤压后7055铝合金的织构进行研究。结果表明,喷射沉积锭坯组织为等轴状晶粒,均匀细小(30~50μm),基体中不存在枝晶型偏析。由于喷射沉积工艺本身的特点,在合金中存在大量的显微疏松缺陷。沉积锭坯经过热挤压致密化后,合金力学性能显著提高,抗拉强度σb为390 MPa,伸长率δ为13.3%,表明热挤压工艺可有效消除疏松缺陷,从而充分发挥出喷射沉积工艺的优越性。EBSD分析表明,挤压后沿着挤压轴方向形成丝织构,主要为?001?与?111?两种织构。     

最初形成的喷射沉积Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金的显微组织分析

用喷射成形工艺制备了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu高强铝合金。通过对最初形成的沉积坯的显微组织的观察，分析液滴在飞行和沉积过程中的形核、长大过程，分析均匀化和热挤压后最初形成的沉积材料的显微组织变化。由实验结果，经雾化沉积制备的Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金。最初沉积坯的沉积态由于经历了两次形核，形成了大小不一的近似等轴晶；均匀化晶粒无明显长大，晶粒进一步球化。同常规的工艺相比，雾化沉积制备的材料可以省略均匀化过程；沉积态组织直接经过热挤压形成均匀致密的组织。     

喷射成形过共晶AlSiFeCuMgRE合金的性能

喷射成形技术是在传统快速凝固/粉末冶金工艺基础上发展起来的一种全新的材料制备、成形与加工技术,用喷射成形技术来制备过共晶铝硅合金可有效改善合金的组织和性能.本文在低真空下用氮气作为雾化介质制备过共晶AlSiFeCuMgRE合金沉积坯,通过热挤压对其进行致密化,并利用时效工艺对挤压坯进行热处理,研究了不同状态合金材料的性能.     

硬质合金螺旋立铣刀刀片的热挤压成形

本文介绍了采用热挤压方法研制硬质合金螺旋立铣刀刀片的过程,并从理论上分析讨论了钨钴硬质合金的变形属性。认为钨钴硬质合金在高温下有较好的变形能力,热挤压工艺适合于一些特殊形状的硬质合金制品的成形。     

原位合成制备AlN弥散强化2024铝合金的研究

通过在氮气气氛下部分氮化Al-Mg-Cu合金压坯,再进行烧结和热挤压致密化的新工艺制备了Al N弥散强化2024铝合金。对Al N弥散强化2024铝合金的微观组织和力学性能进行了初步研究。透射电镜和X射线衍射表明,Al-Mg-Cu合金压坯经过氮化后生成了Al N颗粒。这种合金经过热挤压和热处理后表现出优异的力学性能。含有7.95%(体积分数)Al N弥散强化的2024铝合金经过挤压后并热处理的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到665 MPa和553 MPa。     

Fabrication and properties of heavy section extrusions of Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn and Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3AI alloys

This study is concerned with the fabrication in heavy section of the titanium alloys Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-3Al (Ti-8823) and Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn (Ti-662). The technique utilized to achieve 84 pct reduction during the extrusion of heavy section cylindrical hollows is given. The response to subsequent aging of both alloys is described in terms of the effect on important mechanical properties such as yield and ultimate tensile strength, ductility and fracture toughness. For the Ti-8823 alloy extruded in heavy section, it is shown that the optimum heat treatment consists of aging directly after hot working rather than the more common solution treatment and age cycle. With the former heat treatment, uniform through the thickness mechanical properties are obtained. Uniform mechanical properties are also obtained through the section of the Ti-662 extrusion with a solutionizing and overaging heat treatment.     

Development of Technology to Obtain Pore-Free Powder Metallurgy Alloys of the Nickel-Molybdenum System

Alloys of the Ni Mo system are distinguished by high strength and corrosion resistance in numerous acidic solutions. However their deformability in hot working is low, which is connected with structural inhomogeneity. A method for obtaining such alloys from mixtures of nickel and molybdenum powders is proposed. Methods for protecting compacts during hot working, and the basic conditions for heat treatment and hot extrusion are given. The mechanical properties of prepared alloys were determined, and their microstructures investigated. The techniques developed can be used to produce a nickel-molybdenum alloy in the form of a practically homogeneous solid solution with high strength and ductility.     

Spray Forming of Bulk Ultrafine-Grained Al-Fe-Cr-Ti

An Al-2.7Fe-1.9Cr-1.8Ti alloy has been spray formed in bulk and the microstructure and properties compared with those of similar alloys produced by casting, powder aomization (PA), and mechanical alloying (MA) routes. In PA and MA routes, a nanoscale metastable icosahedral phase is usually formed and is known to confer high tensile strength. Unlike previous studies of the spray forming of similar Al-based metastable phase containing alloys that were restricted to small billets with high porosity, standard spray forming conditions were used here to produce a ~98 pct dense 19-kg billet that was hot isostatically pressed (“HIPed”), forged, and/or extruded. The microstructure has been investigated at all stages of processing using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) at the Diamond Light Source. Consistent with the relatively low cooling rate in spray forming under standard conditions, the microstructure showed no compelling evidence for the formation of metastable icosahedral phases. Nonetheless, after downstream processing, the spray-formed mechanical properties as a function of temperature were very similar to both PA rapid solidification (RS) materials and those made by MA. These aspects have been rationalized in terms of the typical phases, defects, and residual strains produced in each process route.     

钢管热挤压成形技术与装备的发展

热挤压成形由于具有提高金属的变形能力、产品综合质量高、范围广等优点,广泛应用于难加工材料成形中,成为高合金、特种合金无缝钢管热成形的重要方法之一.从钢管热挤压技术和装备两方面,回顾了国内和国外钢管热挤压的发展情况,介绍了钢管热挤压成形的主要工艺流程,指出了国内钢管热挤压技术和装备的新进展,并以此为基础提出了我国钢管热挤压在热挤压机生产线设备、高温润滑剂、模具设计和管坯制造等方面亟待解决的问题和发展趋势.     

喷射成形工艺的发展及应用

喷射成形是近年来发展较快的一种新型快速凝固技术，应用于多种高性能金属材料的制备中。介绍了该工艺的原理、特点、设备及在铝基、铁基、铜基和高温合金等不同材料中的研究及应用情况；对该工艺近几年在热传输、气体流场动力学、凝固组织形成机制和材料性能等理论方面的进展做了总结。并对该工艺存在的问题和今后的发展方向提出了一些新的观点。     

Shape, wear & mechanical properties of spray formed hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys

Manufacturing process through spray forming leads to give near-net-shape and fine grain microstructure. In this process Si particles, which are not distributed uniformly in conventional casting process, are distributed uniformly throughout the casting. In the present study disc shape spray form castings were made of Al-6.91Si and Al-10.1Si alloys, and then their shape, wear and mechanical properties were studied. The shape of the deposit was observed to be the most uniform at 30o inclination angle of the substrate. The hardness and tensile strength value of spray formed alloys shows the increment in the mechanical property in contrast to as cast alloys. The wearing properties of Al-10.1Si alloy were found to be better than that of the Al-6.91Si alloy.     

快速凝固AlSi17Fe6Cu4.5Mg0.5合金的组织及性能

采用超音速气体雾化法制备快速凝固高硅铝合金粉末，通过热挤压法对雾化合金粉末进行固结成形，并利用T6处理工艺对挤压态合金进行热处理。对不同状态合金材料的组织及变化特征进行研究，同时对挤压态及T6处理态合金拉伸性能和耐磨性进行测试。