高职《煤化工生产技术》课程的教学改革探讨——以“甲醇生产技术”为例

对高职《煤化工生产技术》课程中"甲醇生产技术"教学单元进行了教学改革,提高了学生学习积极性,化解了教学过程中的难点,为高职院校《煤化工生产技术》课程的教学改革提供了帮助。     

项目化教学带动高职《煤化工生产技术》课程改革探析

依据岗位职业标准,以项目化教学为切入点带动高职《煤化工生产技术》课程的改革,转变传统的教学方法,通过项目化整合优化教学内容、激发学生学习兴趣、增强学生实践动手能力。从而提高教学效果,提升学生就业竞争能力。     

《煤化工产品检验技术》课程教学设计案例

《煤化工产品检验技术》是煤化工专业的核心课程之一,在教学改革过程中引入了情境教学的方法。本文介绍了《煤化工产品检验技术》课程的目标定位,并依据人才培养方案整体设计了教学内容。以"采样"单元为例设计了课堂教学步骤,详述了每个情境下教师和学生的教学活动内容,提高了学生的学习热情,激发了学生的学习兴趣,为提高课程教学质量提供了参考依据。     

情境教学法在《煤化工产品检验技术》课程中的应用

《煤化工产品检验技术》是煤化工专业的核心课程之一,在教学改革过程中引入了情境教学的方法。以"焦化废水检测"项目为例设计了情境任务书,详述了每个情境下教师和学生的教学活动内容,提高了学生的学习热情,激发了学生的学习兴趣,为提高课程教学质量提供了参考依据。     

基于低碳煤化工产业需求的煤化学教学探索

在低碳煤化工和工程教育专业认证背景下，为培养煤化工新人才，枣庄学院化学化工与材料科学学院对煤化学课程进行了教学改革。针对教材内容陈旧，补充完善了最新研究成果，保证学生能够学习前沿研究热点。改革单一的教学方法，以引导式教学为主，配合智慧教学软件的使用，提高学生的学习热情。设计新的课程评价体系，提高学生的学习效果，增强学生的煤化学知识储备量，为后续煤化工专业课程的学习打下坚定的基础。     

煤化学和煤化工工艺学同步教学的思考与实践

近年来,能源化工尤其是煤化工发展迅速。在此背景下,依据化学工程与工艺专业和矿物加工专业的煤化工方向课程教学目标的要求,将煤化工和煤化工工艺学两门专业课的讲授时间安排到同一学期,确保学生在同一时间学习两门课程的相近和相关内容,以更好地促进教学和学生学习。这样,使学生不仅能够掌握煤化学的基本知识,而且还可增强他们的煤化工工艺学知识储备,为他们从事煤化工方面的科学研究和新知识探索,打下坚实的专业基础。     

探讨以学生为中心的高职教学方法及其实施评价——以《QEHS管理》为例

以QEHS管理为例,阐述讲授法、案例教学法、角色扮演法等三种以学生为中心的高职教学方法,评价实施效果与反思,提高学生的学习积极性与创新性。改善学生的学习障碍,从而提高高职院校的教学质量。     

新形势下高职煤化工生产技术课程的线上线下双元式教学模式研究

为满足社会发展新形势下对高职人才培养的要求,以克拉玛依职业技术学院煤化工生产技术课程的教学现状为例,探讨了网络教学平台在教学育人环节中的重要意义和具体的实施过程,分析了双元式混合教学相较于传统教学模式的优势。这种新式教学方法能够将线下教室授课的优势与在线网络个性化学习融为一体,最终实现提高学习效率和教学效果的目的。     

超星泛雅平台课程体系的构建与教学应用研究

随着互联网信息时代的快速发展,学习方式的多样性、知识点的广泛性、学生思维方式的前瞻性,使得高职教师要与时俱进,提升自身科技信息技术素养。本文以超星泛雅平台的《高分子化学》课程为例,介绍了课程体系的建设方案以及在课程教学中的应用。在线课程的构建为高职学生提供一个更为优质的网络学习环境,学生可以通过超星泛雅平台开展自主性学习,在提高《高分子化学》教学实效性的同时,也有利于学生综合素质能力的提高。     

浅议项目教学法在高职计算机类课程中的应用

在强调"以学生为主体,以能力为本位",大力提倡并积极推进课程改革的今天,如何在高职的计算机类课程教学中有效的促进学生学习的主动性,激发学生的学习兴趣,提高课堂教学效果是我们高职教育的根本任务.本文通过实例对高职计算机类课程如何应用项目教学进行了探讨.     

DCV-GCMD方法模拟近临界条件下乙烯、苯与乙苯在圆柱形孔道中苯烃化反应条件下的吸附和传递性质

Abstract A cylindrical pore model was used to represent approximately the pore of β-zeolite catalyst that had been used in the alkylation of benzene with ethylene and spherical Lennard-Jones molecules represented the components of the reaction system-ethylene, benzene and ethylbenzene. The dual control volume-grand canonical molecular dynamics (DCV-GCMD) method was used to simulate the adsorption and transport properties of three components under reaction in the cylindrical pore at 250℃and 270℃in the pressure range from 1 MPa to 8 MPa. The state map of the reactant mixture in the bulk phase could be divided into several different regions around its critical points. The simulated adsorption and transport properties in the pore were compared between the different near-critical regions. The thorough analysis suggested that the high pressure liquid region is the most suitable region for the alkylation reaction of benzene under the near-critical condition.     

硅烷处理N2O氧化苯生产苯酚催化剂抑制结碳失活研究

The main cause to the deactivation of ZSM-5 catalyst, used for oxidation of benzene to phenol (BTOP) by nitrous oxide, is that the carbon deposition on the catalyst surface blocks the mouth of pores of the catalyst.In the experiments, ZSM-5 catalyst was modified by chemical surface deposition of silicon, and then the effect of modification condition on the catalyst activation was studied. The catalyst samples were characterized by XRF,EPS, XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption at low temperature, pyridine adsorption-infrared technique and etc. All the above results show that the uniform SiO2 membrane can be formed on ZSM-5 crystal surface. The SiO2 membrane covers the acid centers on ZSM-5 surface to inhibit surface coking, to avoid or decrease the possibility of ZSM-5 pore blockage so that the catalyst activity and stability can be improved efficiently. The optimum siliconiting conditions determined by the experiments are as follows: 4% load of silanizing agent, volume (ml)/mass (g) ratio of hexane/ZSM-5=15/1, and 16 h of modification time. Compared with the samples without siliconiting treatment,the samples treated under the above optimum condition can increase the productivity of phenol by 14% for 3 h reaction time and by 41% for 6 h reaction time respectively.     

载体对镍催化剂催化间二硝基苯加氢制间苯二胺反应性能的影响

The hydrogenation of m-dinitrobenzene to m-phenylenediamine in liquid phase was studied with the nickel catalysts supported on SiO2, TiO2, γ-Al2O3, MgO and diatomite carders. Based on the experiments of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, temperature-programmed reduction （TPR）, temperature-programmed desorption of hydrogen （H2-TPD） and activity evaluation, the physico-chemical and catalytic properties of the catalysts were investigated. Among the catalysts tested, the SiO2 supported nickel catalyst showed the highest activity and selectivity towards m-phenylenediamine, over which 97.3% m-dinitrobenzene conversion and 95.1% m-phenylenediamine yield were obtained at 373K under hydrogen pressure of 2.6MPa after reaction for 6 h when using ethanol as solvent. Although TiO2 and diatomite supported nickel catalysts also presented high activity, they had lower selectivity towards m-phenylenediamine. As for γ-Al2O3 and MgO supported catalysts were almost inactive for the object reaction. It was shown that both the activity and selectivity of the catalysts were strongly depended on the interaction between nickel and the support. The higher activities of Ni/SiO2, Ni/TiO2 and Ni/diatomite could be attributed to the weaker metal-support interaction, on which Ni species presented as crystallized Ni metal particles. On the other hand, there existed strong metal-support interaction in Ni/MgO and Ni γ-Al2O3, which causes these catalysts more difficult to be reduced and the availability of Ni active sites decreased, resulting in their low catalytic activity.     

基于魏格纳分布的鼓泡流化床中结焦早期诊断

An experimental verification is reported on the early predicting index of agglomeration in bubbling fluidized bed. Coarse quartz sand, which has the same density but larger diameter than the bed material, was used to simulate the initial agglomerated particle. Wigner distribution was used to analyze the pressure fuctuation of the tested bed, and the average amplitude of local domain frequency （LDF） and local peak weighted average frequency （LPWA） under different operating conditions were measured and compared. The results showed that the LDF is sensitive to the agglomeration phenomena and had quick response to the incipient agglomeration in fluidized beds. It can be concluded from the results that these two parameters could be taken as the characteristic indexes to the agglomeration in fuidized beds.     

基于人工神经网络的滴流床脉冲流频率的预测

An extensive database (946 measurements) for the frequency of pulsing flow in trickle beds was established by collecting the experimental results published over past 30 years. A new correlation based on artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the pulsation frequency was developed. Seven dimensionless numbers (groups) employed in the proposed correlation were liquid and gas Reynolds, liquid Weber, liquid Eǒtvǒs, gas Froude, and gas Stokes numbers and a bed correction factor. The comparisons of performance reported in the of literature and present correlations show that ANN correlation is a significant improvement in predicting pulsation frequency with an average absolute relative error (AARE) of 10% and a standard deviation less than 18%.     

涡流桨搅拌槽内流动非稳定性的大涡模拟

The aim of this work is to investigate the flow instabilities in a baffled, stirred tank generated by a single Rushton turbine by means of large eddy simulation （LES）. The sliding mesh method was used for the coupling between the rotating and the stationary frame of references. The calculations were carried out on the ＂Shengcao-21C＂ supercomputer using a computational fluid dynamics （CFD） code CFX5. The flow fields predicted by the LES simulation and the simulation using standard κ-ε model were compared to the results from particle image velocimetry （PIV） measurements. It is shown that the CFD simulations using the LES approach and the standard κ-ε model agree well with the PIV measurements. Fluctuations of the radial and axial velocity are predicted at different frequencies by the LES simulation. Velocity fluctuations of high frequencies are seen in the impeller region, while low frequencies velocity fluctuations are observed in the bulk flow. A low frequency velocity fluctuation with a nondimensional frequency of 0.027Hz is predicted by the LES simulation, which agrees with experimental investigations in the literature. Flow circulation patterns predicted by the LES simulation are asymmetric, stochastic and complex, spanning a large portion of the tanks and varying with time, while circulation patterns calculated by the simulation using the standard κ-ε model are symmetric. The results of the present work give better understanding to the flow instabilities in the mechanically agitated tank. However, further analysis of the LES calculated velocity series by means of fast Fourier transform （FFT） and/or spectra analysis are recommended in future work in order to gain more knowledge of the complicated flow phenomena.     

运用层次分析法对化学产品的环境经济性能集成评价

With the increasing public consciousness on environmental issues, chemical products and process designs require simultaneous satisfaction and compromise of environmental and economical requirements. To fulfill the two conflicting while complementary objectives, a systematic approach for life cycle design of a chemical product is proposed in this article. Multiattribute decision-making is adopted in a trade-off consideration of both technical economical evaluation and environmental impacts assessment using the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） approach. On the basis of an evaluation of the relative importance of the criteria multicriteria decision making is performed. In this study, an AHP model is used to derive single a criteria score by analyzing the environmental impact and life cycle cost of a product, respectively. And a fluctuant weight analysis is put forth to calculate the integrated index of the product to enable products to be ranked or selected intuitionally and conveniently. The proposed AHP model has been applied to a case study, a comparative study on chamber cleaning with NF3 and C2F6. The resuits show that the protposed AHP model is Capable of providing a rational and relevant evaluation.     

颗粒尾涡增强湍流的大涡模拟以及气固两相流中湍流变动的数值模拟

The turbulence enhancement by particle wake effect is studied by large eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent gas flows passing a single particle. The predicted time-averaged and root-mean-square fluctuation velocities behind the particle are in agreement with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling results and experimental results. A semi-empirical turbulence enhancement model is proposed by the present-authors based on the LES resuits. This model is incorporated into the second-order moment two-phase turbulence model for simulating vertical gas-particle pipe flows and horizontal gas-particle channel flows. The simulation results show that compared with the model not accounting for the particle wake effect, the present model gives simulation results for the gas turbulence modulation in much better agreement with the experimental results.     

用NRTL方程推算高压汽液平衡并同时描述过量焓

The non-random two liquids （NRTL） equation together with the Pitzer/Curl Virial equation of state are used to investigate the simultaneous representation of excess enthalpies （h^E） and vapour-liquid equilibria （VLE） and the VLE prediction from h^E data. The calculation strategy for properly determining NRTL parameters and the effect of their temperature dependence on the simultaneous correlation of h^E and VLE data and the VLE extrapolation are analysed in detail.     

废轮胎热解炭黑的表面修饰及其在平版印刷油墨中的应用

Pyrolysis has the potential of transforming waste into valuable products. Pyrolytic carbon black （PCB） is one of the most important products resulting from the pyrolysis of used tires. One of the most significant applications of modified pyrolytic carbon black is its use as pigment for offset printing ink to obtain high added values. Inverse gas chromatography （IGC） results show that a large quantity of inorganic matters and carbonaceous deposit are removed by treating the pyrolytic carbon black with nitric acid solution. Plenty of active sites originally occupied by inorganic ash and coke are recovered. The surface energy of pyrolytic carbon black （TWPC） modified by titanate-coupling agent-especially the specific interaction γs^SP determined by the specific probe molecule, toluene-shows the strong interaction between the TWPC and the synthetic resins. The offset printing ink performance confirms the IGC prediction. And TWPC has the great potential of applications in printing ink industry as pigment.