洁净室流场数值模拟的研究进展

对洁净室的应用和发展进行了回顾，分析了洁净室的流场，介绍了数值模拟方面常用的几种模型及国内外在洁净室模拟方面取得的成果，列举了常用的CFD软件，分析了国内研究所存在的问题。     

矢流洁净室数值模拟与实验研究

以Ｋ－ε－紊流模型为基础，采用有限差分的方法，对矢流洁净室三维紊流流场和污染物的分布进行了数值模拟，并在模型洁净室内放置工作台和点污染源，对矢流洁净室做了实验研究。对实验结果和计算结果的对比和分析，揭示了矢流洁净室内气流的流动特性和污染物的分布规律，得到了这种洁净室的一些主要设计参数。     

准单向流洁净室不稳定涡流三角区分析

对全顶棚送风、相对两侧墙下回风的准单向流洁净室的气流组织进行了大涡模拟，并对模拟结果进行分析，讨论了不稳定涡流三角区的大小及其与洁净室宽度、送风口高度的关系，认为用大涡模拟所得结果更加合理。     

矢流洁净室的模型实验与数值模拟

针对矢流洁净室这种新型、节能的洁净室，本文用数值摸拟和模型实验两种方法对其进行了研究．模型实验实测了空态和静态两种工况下模型矢流洁净室室内流场和浓度场，给出了流场图和浓度场实测结果；数值模拟方法，根据ｋ─ε紊流模型，采用有限差分法，对两种工况下矢流洁净室室内流场和污染物的分布进行了计算机求解，得出室内流场图及污染物分布特性．通过对两种方法所得结果进行分析和比较，证明了矢沈洁净室净化的基本原理，得出矢流洁净空室内流场特点有利于其达到较高级别洁净度，且浓度场实测结果证明该种洁净空可以达到较高级别的洁净度。建议某些场合推广使用矢流洁净室。     

不同送风面积下洁净室浓度场的数值模拟分析

本文以典型上送双侧下回洁净室为研究对象，建立相应数学模型，利用计算机进行模拟分析，总结出不同面积送风口布置方式对洁净室流场及浓度场的影响，并通过实验对比，验证数值计算方法及结论的可靠性。     

涡向双进口起旋管内旋转流场的数值分析

针对涡向单进口旋转流起旋的偏心问题,提出了涡向双进口轴对称起旋技术,采用数值模拟方法对该起旋方式的流场进行分析.结果表明,涡向双进口起旋旋转流基本呈现轴对称衰减性旋转流场,改进了单进口起旋旋转流场偏心的问题.计算表明:涡向双进口旋流中心与管道中心基本重合,切向速度分布近似Rankine涡结构;轴向速度沿径向呈马鞍形分布;径向速度相对于切向、轴向速度小一个数量级,沿切向近似为正余弦分布.     

射流风机流场的数值模拟方法验证

分析了射流风机流场的特点，采用火灾模拟常用软件FDS对一个研究射流风机流场的实验进行了数值模拟，验证了FDS软件模拟射流风机流场的可行性。     

矢流洁净室的数值模拟

本文以工程中广泛使用的Ｋ－ε紊流模型为基础，采用有限差分法，对矢流洁净室三维紊流流场和污染物深度场进行了数值模拟。通过对大量算便的计算结果的对比分析，进一步认清了矢流洁净室内气流的流动特性和污染物的分布规律，得到了这种洁净室的主要设计参数，并给出了扇形送风口边界条件的处理方法。本文为矢流洁净室的设计及其在国内的推广使用提供了依据。     

气幕洁净室流场的有限单元法数值模拟

运用计算流体力学的有限单元法对气幕洁净室内的三维流场进行数值模拟,并对模拟结果进行分析和比较,以期揭示气幕洁净室真正的流动机理;最后给出了一些设计参数。     

分体式双箱梁涡振气动控制措施数值模拟

分体式钢箱梁可较大幅度提高颤振临界风速,但较容易引起桥梁涡振,以国内某大跨悬索桥涡激共振为背景,对分体式双箱梁分别增设风障、导流板和纵向格栅后的涡振响应进行纯数值模拟,对比分析了导流板和纵向格栅在一阶正对称竖弯、一阶反对称扭转和七阶竖弯模态,风攻角范围为+3°～-3°情况下的涡振控制效果,基于上述气动措施的流场特性,对其涡振减振机理进行了研究。研究结果表明,风障可以有效降低竖弯涡振振幅,但对扭转涡振振幅具有放大作用;导流板的涡振控制效果与风攻角和风速有关;纵向格栅对正、负风攻角下的竖弯和扭转涡振均有很好的控制效果。     

大涡模拟及其在室内空气流动换热中的应用

介绍了国内外大涡模拟的亚格子湍流模式和在室内空气流动换热中的研究现状给出了大涡模拟室内空气流动的应用实例。认为大涡模拟有广阔的发展前景。     

Analysis of visitation frequency through particle tracking method based on LES and model experiment

As ventilation efficiency in a room is not always uniformly distributed, an index for measuring ventilation efficiency at a concerned point or in a concerned local domain is required. Local ventilation efficiency is often represented by the rate of the averaged concentration of the local domain to that of exhausted air from the room. From the age theory of air, it is well known that the averaged concentration in a room corresponds to the mean staying time of contaminant. Evaluating the domain-averaged concentration (Cdomain) means evaluating the average staying time of the contaminant in the domain. It can be only one part of the whole room and can be considered as an occupied zone. Visitation frequency (VF) and the average staying time of the contaminant for one visitation in the local domain (Tp) are introduced to analyze the average staying time of the contaminant in the local domain. The value of VF is strongly affected by the position of the local domain in the room; that is, the position of the local domain in the whole flow field of the room. Tp represents the property of the flow pattern in the local domain. As the indication of VF and Tp represent the mechanism for forming the domain-averaged concentration, they are deeply related to local purging flow rate, which represents the airflow rate for defining the domain-averaged concentration. As VF and Tp are related to the contaminant transportation property, it is effective to analyze them by particle tracking method. A CFD method of large eddy simulation (LES) was thereby carried out in this study. The prediction result by LES is also validated by a precise model experiment. In this paper, the detailed analysis of VF and Tp is carried out on the basis of the particle tracking method utilizing the LES result in order to clarify the mechanism of the domain-averaged concentration. The analyzed room has one supply inlet and one exhaust outlet. A clear re-circulating flow, generated by the forced ventilation, is observed in the room. The value of VF is examined with three types of local domains in the room model. In the room model, VF shows a value of 5.70 when the local domain occupies half of the room. It becomes smaller when the size of the local domain is reduced.     

洁净空间阻漏层气流分布方式的特性和应用

提出采用阻漏层进行洁过滤、密封、气流分布作用的解耦。活塞流满布比,强化乱流洁净空间关键词阻漏层气流分布净室气流分布的概念及理论方法,顺利实现了高效过滤器应用实例表明,该气流分布方式能增大单向流洁净空间的气流分布的主流区特性。     

Air flow characteristics of a room with square cone diffusers

A computational fluid dynamics model with radiant exchange between surfaces is developed to examine the air flow characteristics of a room with square cone diffusers. As an input to the full-scale 3-D room model, a 2-D diffuser model that supplies direction and magnitude of air flow into the room is developed and evaluated using infrared visualization. The room air flow model is assessed using several previously documented problems with various geometries and boundary conditions. Simulations are conducted for heating and cooling of the room with one or two supply air diffusers. The results show that the offset and lips of the diffuser work together to determine the discharge air angles, which play an important role in determining the room air flow patterns. For a certain discharge angle in the heating case, the air flows along the ceiling. The results indicate that, for the same supply air flow, operating only a single diffuser initiates more mixing of the room air flow, which results in enhanced temperature uniformity compared to that for two diffusers. Radiant exchange between the exterior window and interior surfaces causes a significant change in the window temperature.     

Ventilation by displacement in a three-dimensional room— A numerical study

Displacement flow systems are becoming popular, especially in Scandinavia, for comfort ventilation. In these systems air is supplied near the floor at low velocity; the temperature of the supply air is a few degrees below that of the air in the room. The supply air is heated by persons and/or machinery in the room. Turbulent plumes are formed above these heat sources. Apart from the plumes, the flow in the room is divided into two zones: a lower zone (the occupied zone) to which clean cool air continuously is supplied, and an upper zone (above the occupied zone) where contaminated warm air is recirculating.

In the present study, the flow in displacement flow systems (a water box model) has been calculated using finite difference methods; the results have been compared with experimental data, and the agreement is reasonably good.     

悬浮颗粒数值模拟模型改进研究

分析了目前气粒两相流模拟研究中所使用的方法和模型，针对洁净室内悬浮颗粒极为稀疏的特点，提出了一个改进的颗粒模型，该模型中将颗粒相处理为连续介质，采用当地颗粒湍流动能与浓度梯度来模拟颗粒的扩散。用此模型对全顶棚送风下部两侧回风洁净室内悬浮颗粒的分布进行了模拟计算，与浓度模型模拟所得结果比较发现，改进模型不但在精度方面有明显提高，而且与实验值吻合良好。     

地板送风技术条件与舒适条件的研究

本文阐明了下部送风房间热力分层和垂直温度分布规律，给出了确定垂直温度分布曲线的方法及确定最佳送风量的原理。为了计算冷负荷，作者初步推荐了不同位置热源的负荷系数，并且说明了如何决策送风口的型式与数量和相关数据。最后在实验基础上分析了地板空调的热感觉，其结果说明这种送风系统在适宜的风量与温度下能够提供舒适条件，并使风感百分数低于１５％。     

Impact of heat load location and strength on air flow pattern with a passive chilled beam system

A passive chilled beam is a source of natural convection, creating a flow of cold air directly into the occupied zone. Experiments were conducted in a mock-up of an office room to study the air velocities in the occupied spaces. In addition, velocity profiles are registered when underneath heat loads exist and the cool and warm air flows interact. Experimental laboratory study revealed that in the case of the underneath heat gains, even no upward plume was generated and the dummy only acted as a flow obstacle, having a significant effect on the velocity profile. Furthermore, in an actual occupied office environment, the thermal plumes and the supply air diffuser mixed effectively the whole air volume. The maximum air velocity measured was still below 0.25 m/s with the extremely high heat gain of 164 W/m². The results demonstrate that analysis methods were the interaction of convection flow and jet are not taken into account could not accurately describe air movement and draught risk in the occupied room space.     

洁净厂房空调系统的特点与节能

世界集成电路产业加速向我国转移.使得洁净厂房空调系统的节能成为关注和研究的焦点问题,也成为各生产商降低生产成本,取得竞争优势的重要手段.对洁净厂房空调系统的特点进行了分析,探讨了其高耗能的原因.并在此基础上,从洁净风量与空调风量分离、减小系统送风量、新风量、优化控制及运行管理等多方面多角度,提出了具体节能的思路、方法和措施.