New H.264/AVC Multiple Reference Prediction Algorithm

在H.264/AVC视频压缩标准采用的几项关键技术中,使用多参考帧预测可以增加最佳匹配块的检索概率,进而大大提高了编码效率.受B帧直接( direct)预测模式的启发,提出了一种新的基于扩展帧的多参考帧预测方法,由多参考帧中的共同位置块及其参考块扩展得到一个新的抽取帧,增加了原始序列的时域分辨率,使得扩展帧更加接近当前帧,提高了运动估计中最佳匹配的检索概率,进而提升了编码效率.仿真结果证实该方法的编码性能好于H.264/AVC参考软件.     

H.264中基于帧内编码的适应性帧内预测算法

H.264/AVC中宏块模式含有多个方向性预测模式,虽然可以借此提高帧内编码效率,但是也相应地增加了编码复杂度.针对这个问题,提出一种新的基于帧内编码的适应性算法(AIP),试图通过对不同方向预测模式的失真率分析,使用最可能模式(MPM)来取代原有的多个预测模式,从而降低编码复杂度并提高编码效率.通过实验验证,新算法可...     

一种新的H.264多参考帧快速搜索算法

H.264/AVC是目前最新的视频编码国际标准.在H.264/AVC中,由于采用了多参考帧,运动估计部分的复杂度大大增加了.虽然JVT采用的快速运动估计(FME)提案能极大地提高搜索速度,但只是加快了一帧的搜索速度.本文在FME基础上提出了一种新的多参考帧快速搜索算法(FMRSA),它利用当前块周围的块信息来预测将要搜索的参考帧的范围,并在具体搜索过程中运用提前中断的方法加快整个搜索过程.实验证明本算法比标准快速搜索法搜索5个参考帧能在PSNR降低不超过0.05dB、码率增加不超过2.32%的情况下节省至少56.5%的时间.     

一种新的H.264/AVC帧内编码快速算法

针对H.264/AVC帧内编码算法采用率失真优化(RDO)算法提升编码性能导致运算复杂度增加这一问题,提出了一种新的帧内编码快速算法。该算法采用待预测块的纹理方向误差值判断待编码块的纹理特征,结合相邻块的预测模式相关性减少须遍历预测模式的数量,并结合全零块检测的提前终止判定准则加快编码速度。实验结果表明,与标准算法相比,该算法在保证输出码率和图像质量基本不变的情况下能够将帧内编码时间减少约67.2%,显著提高了H.264的帧内编码效率。     

一种H．264／AVC帧间模式快速选择算法

一、引言 H．264／AVC是ITU—T和MPEG联合发展和制定的新一代视频编码国际标准．与以往的H．263、MPEG-4等标准类似,H．264／AVC同样采用了基于块运动补偿和变换编码的混合编码框架．区别在于H．264吸收并应用了许多视频通信领域新的理论和技术成果,如帧内预测、多参考帧、可变块划分模式、1／4像素精度运动估计、cABAC熵编码等。     

H.264/AVC帧内预测模式选择的快速算法研究

H.264/AVC标准引入RDO技术计算帧内预测最优模式,提高编码效率,但同时RDO技术的引入极大提升编码端的计算复杂度.提出了一种针对帧内预测4×4亮度块的快速模式选择算法,该算法利用亮度块SATD值与RDO技术间的相关性,优化原有算法.实验结果表明,算法能在基本不影响图像原有质量的情况下,较大程度减少编码H.264序列所需时间.     

基于区域最大概率准则的帧内预测模式编码算法

,H.264标准中亮度分量的9种帧内预测模式的序号是预先设定的,这对于具体的视频序列并不是最优的.为了进一步提高帧内编码的效率,通过对帧内预测编码算法的深入研究,利用相邻宏块间的纹理相关性和预测模式的方向性,提出一种新的帧内预测模式编码算法.通过在和当前编码块纹理相关性最大的区域中动态的统计出各个预测模式的使用概率,然后根据预测模式使用概率的大小来计算当前块的最可能编码模式.实验结果表明:与H.264参考模型JM86相比,该算法可以显著提高当前图像块的最优预测模式和最可能预测模式的匹配概率,使预测模式信息编码所需要的比特数平均减少5%～7%,从而降低了编码后的码率,而峰值信噪比(PSNR)基本保持不变.     

一种基于H.264/AVC的帧间模式快速判决算法

新的视频编码标准H.264/AVC能够获得较高的编码效率是以增加运算复杂度为代价的,1个帧间宏块(MB)的可选编码模式包括7种块尺寸的帧间预测模式和2种块尺寸的帧内预测模式,其校验模型仅给出一种复杂的全搜索方法来确定最佳模式。本文提出一种快速模式判决算法,将全部模式进行分类,通过判别MB的一致性和比较MB的空时相关性逐类型比较,可有效减少判决的模式数量。实验结果表明,这种方法能够在保持视频质量的同时,节省约35%的编码时间。     

H.264视频编码系统中多参考帧的选择算法研究

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC中引入多参考帧运动补偿来提高视频编码性能,由此产生的多参考帧运动估计(MRF-ME)却带来了巨大的运算代价.本文提出一种基于快速分层特征匹配的运动估计策略(HFM-ME)来加速多参考帧的匹配过程.HFM-ME策略通过引入一种符号截断特征(STF)将块匹配被分解为均值匹配和二进制相位匹配.实验结果表明,与传统的块匹配ME相比,HFM-ME在保持匹配性能的同时显著提高了运算速度.     

基于H.264/AVC的视频信息隐藏算法

在H.264/AVC的帧内预测环节,调制H.264/AVC编码中I帧4×4亮度块的帧内预测模式实现信息隐藏.这种调制基于该模式与待隐藏比特之间的映射规则进行.宿主4×4块的具体位置由各块自身特点结合密钥所指定的嵌入位置模板确定.信息的提取过程不需要原始视频内容,也不需完全解码,而只要对码流中的帧内预测模式进行解码即可.     

Improved motion estimation time using a combination of dynamic reference frame selection and residue-based mode decision

Motion estimation using multiple reference frames is widely used as the basis for recent video coding standards (eg. H.264/AVC) to achieve increased coding efficiency. However, this increases the complexity of the encoding process. In this paper, a new technique for efficient motion estimation is proposed. A combination of multiple reference frame selection and image residue-based mode selection is used to improve motion estimation time. By dynamic selection of an initial reference frame in advance, the number of reference frames to be considered is reduced. In addition, from examination of the residue between the current block and reconstructed blocks in preceding frames, variable block size mode decisions are made. Modified initial motion vector estimation and early stop condition detection are also adopted to speed up the motion estimation procedure. Experimental results compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with a state of the art motion estimation algorithm and demonstrate significantly reduced motion estimation time while maintaining PSNR performance.     

Content-Aware Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm

In this paper, we propose the Content-Aware Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm (CAFME) that can reduce computation complexity of motion estimation (ME) in H.264/AVC while maintaining almost the same coding efficiency. Motion estimation can be divided into two phases: searching phase and matching phase. In searching phase, we propose the Simple Dynamic Search Range Algorithm (SDSR) based on video characteristics to reduce the number of search points (SP). In matching phase, we integrate the Successive Elimination Algorithm (SEA) and the integral frame to develop a new SEA for H.264/AVC video compression standard, called Successive Elimination Algorithm with Integral Frame (SEAIF). Besides, we also propose the Early Termination Algorithm (ETA) to early terminate the motion estimation of current block.We implement the proposed algorithm in the reference software JM9.4 of H.264/AVC and the experimental results show that our proposed algorithm can reduce the number of search points about 93.1%, encoding time about 42%, while maintaining almost the same bitrate and PSNR.     

一种适宜于H.264/AVC的帧间快速编码算法

针对新一代视频编码技术H.264/AVC编码计算复杂 度较高,为提高其编码速度,提出了一种新的适宜于H.264/AVC 的帧间快速编码算法。首先利用运 动和纹理预测可能的编码模式,排除可能性较小的模式;然后利用时间和空间相关性预测各 种编码模式的 可能性大小和编码顺序,并结合相关性和量化参数利用率失真和残差系数提前终止。实验结 果表明,本文算法编码速度能提高72%左右,同时对编码效率影响很小。     

Fast mode-decision for H.264/AVC based on inter-frame correlations

The H.264/AVC standard yields higher coding efficiency rates than other video coding standards. This is because it uses the rate-distortion optimization (RDO) technique, which selects the optimal coding mode and a reference frame for each macroblock (MB). In order to achieve this, the encoder has to encode a given block by exhaustively using all kinds of combinations (including different intra and inter-prediction modes). As a result, the computational complexity of video coding in H.264/AVC is extremely high. In this paper, two fast intra-/inter-mode-decision algorithms are proposed to reduce the complexity of the encoder. Both of these algorithms are based on the inter-frame correlation among adjacent pictures. For the fast intra-mode-decision, we used the intra-mode of the most-correlated MB at the reference frame to encode the current MB and the stationary property of the current MB was used for the fast inter-mode-decision. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithms significantly reduced the computational complexity with a negligible loss of PSNR and a slight increase in bitrate.     

Adaptive video coding control for real-time H.264/AVC encoder

In this paper, we present a new adaptive video coding control for real-time H.264/AVC encoding system. The main techniques include: (1) the initial quantization parameter (QP) decision scheme is based on Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) operators; (2) the MB-level QP calculation is based on the spatio-temporal correlation, in which the computation is less than the quadratic model used by H.264/AVC; (3) the adaptive GOP structure is proposed, in which the I-frame is adaptively replaced by an enhancement P-frame to improve the coding efficiency; (4) the scene change is detected with the complexity of adjacent inter-frames and the appropriate QP is re-calculated for the scene-change frame. The proposed algorithm is not only to save the computational complexity but also to improve coding quality. Compared to the JM12.4 reference under various sequences testing, the proposed algorithm can decrease coding time by 64.5% and improve PSNR by 1.52 dB while keeping the same bit-rate.     

Selective VS-MRF-ME and intra coding in H.264 based on spatiotemporal continuity of motion field

The new video coding standard, H.264 uses variable size motion estimation (VS-ME), multiple reference frame motion estimation (MRF-ME) and spatial-based intra prediction with selectable block size in inter frame coding. These tools have achieved significant coding efficiency compared to coding a macroblock (MB) only based on motion-compensation in regular size with single reference frame. However, these new features also give rise to an exhaustive computation in the coding procedure since there are so many combinations of coding modes and reference frames to be tried. In this paper, a fast motion estimation algorithm based on the selective VS-MRF-ME and intra prediction is proposed to reduce H.264 coding computational complexity. The basic idea of the method is to utilize the spatiotemporal property of motion field in predicting where VS-MRF-ME and intra prediction are needed, and only in these regions VS-MRF-ME and intra coding are enabled. The motion field is generated by motion vectors from 16×16 motion estimation on the nearest reference frame. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can save 50% computational complexity on average, with negligible loss of coding efficiency.     

Reduced‐Resolution Intra Block Coding Mode

In this letter, a new intra‐block coding mode is presented to improve the coding efficiency for band‐limited signals. A band‐limited block is sub‐sampled, and the sub‐sampled signal is coded on the basis of the conventional prediction/transform coding. The rest of the samples are reconstructed by interpolation at the decoder side without any side information. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves coding gains of 2.7% for common intermediate format (CIF), 4.29% for quarter CIF, and 6.39% for 720p60 sequences against the H.264/AVC JM10.2 reference software.     

Fuzzy Logic Based Temporal Error Concealment for H.264 Video

In this paper, a new error concealment algorithm is proposed for the H.264 standard. The algorithm consists of two processes. The first process uses a fuzzy logic method to select the size type of lost blocks. The motion vector of a lost block is calculated from the current frame, if the motion vectors of the neighboring blocks surrounding the lost block are discontinuous. Otherwise, the size type of the lost block can be determined from the preceding frame. The second process is an error concealment algorithm via a proposed adapted multiple‐reference‐frames selection for finding the lost motion vector. The adapted multiple‐reference‐frames selection is based on the motion estimation analysis of H.264 coding so that the number of searched frames can be reduced. Therefore the most accurate mode of the lost block can be determined with much less computation time in the selection of the lost motion vector. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves from 0.5 to 4.52 dB improvement when compared to the method in VM 9.0.     

Rate control for hierarchical B-frames in H.264/AVC

Hierarchical B-frames can bring high coding performance when introduced into H.264/AVC.However,the traditional rate control schemes can not work efficiently in such new coding framework.This article presents a rate control algorithm for hierarchical B-frames in H.264/AVC.Taking the feature of the dyadic hierarchical coding structure into consideration,the proposed algorithm includes group of pictures(GOP)layer,temporal layer and frame layer bits allocation.After frame layer bits allocation is complete,frame layer quantization parameters(QP)determination strategy is responsible for calculating the final QP.Experimental results show that compared with other rate control algorithms,the proposed one can improve the coding performance and reduce the mismatch of target bit rate and real bit rate.