还原炉用Sialon／SiC和Si3N4／SiC材料在H2O—H2-N2气氛中的抗侵蚀行为

研究铁精粉还原炉中的SiMon／SiC和Si3N4/SiC内衬材料在1223K、1323K、1423K温度下和H2O-H2-N2气氛中氧化100h前后的质量变化及反应前后的显气孔率、体积密度、XRD衍射分析和SEM分析。结果表明：制品在H2O-H2-N2气氛中主要是受H20（g）的氧化而被破坏的,同时发现Sialon／SiC制品比Si,NdSiC制品的抗H20氧化能力好,其中抗氧化性大小关系是Sialon／SiC〉Sialon／SiC（Z=3）〉Sialon／SiC（Z=2）〉Si,N4/SiC。     

SPS工艺制备SiCp/Si3N4复相陶瓷及其力学性能的研究

使用Si3N4、SiC陶瓷微粉为原料,氧化铝(Al2O3)和氧化钇(Y2O3)为烧结助剂,通过放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术快速制备了SiC/Si3N4复相陶瓷,并研究了SiC的添加量、SPS的 烧结温度、压力和保温时间等参数对烧结试样相对密度、力学性能及显微结构的影响.结果表明,SiC颗粒补强增韧Si3N4陶瓷的最佳添加量为15%,相对与单相Si3N4陶瓷,维氏硬度提高了6.6%,断裂韧性提高了5%,抗弯强度提高了24%,样品晶粒比较均匀,SiC颗粒诱发穿晶断裂和钉扎效应提高了基体的断裂韧性.     

炭/炭复合材料表面SiC/ZrSiO_4复合涂层的制备及其微观结构与抗氧化性能

采用包埋-刷涂法在C/C复合材料表面制备SiC/ZrSiO_4复合涂层,借助X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等测试手段分析该复合涂层的微观结构,并研究Si C单涂层和SiC/ZrSiO_4复合涂层在1 500℃静态空气中的抗氧化性能。结果表明:包埋法制备的SiC内涂层结构疏松,具有较好的抗氧化性能,氧化55 h后质量损失率仅为0.5%,但氧化58 h后,涂层内部形成大孔洞并产生贯穿孔隙,导致涂层失效,质量损失率迅速增加到2.1%。SiC/ZrSiO_4复合涂层由非均质镶嵌式结构的ZrSiO_4涂层紧密覆盖在SiC内涂层表面而成,具有优异的抗氧化性能,氧化198 h后质量仅增加0.5%,并且基本不再随时间延长而增加;复合涂层不仅能自愈合外涂层的缺陷和裂纹,还能抑制氧化过程中大孔洞的形成,避免贯通孔隙的产生。     

C/C复合材料密度及预氧化处理对SiC涂层的影响

采用包埋法分别在密度为0.8、1.4和1.8 g/cm³的炭/炭(C/C)复合材料表面制备SiC涂层,选择密度为1.8 g/cm³的试样研究预氧化处理对涂层结构和抗氧化性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪研究涂层的显微组织和物相组成,用1500℃静态空气氧化方法测试涂层的抗氧化性能。结果表明,随C/C复合材料密度增大,涂层嵌入基体的深度越小,涂层与基体的分界越明显。密度为1.8 g/cm³的C/C复合材料进行预氧化处理后,表面粗糙度增大,表面的炭纤维周围产生了环形孔隙,再经过包埋制备SiC涂层,涂层厚度增加且更加均匀致密。将样品于1500℃静态空气中氧化334 h后,氧化质量损失率为0.684×10^?4 g/(cm²·h),氧化后表面生成了莫来石相,抗氧化性能有明显提升。     

Si3N4结合SiC材料在稀土电解槽中的应用及效果

采用Si3N4结合SiC板作为3kA液态下阴极稀土金属电解槽的侧壁材料,进行了实际电解工艺试验,考察了Si3N4结合SiC材料在稀土熔盐电解槽上的使用效果,研究表明,Si3N4结合SiC材料在稀土熔盐中腐蚀较严重,尤其是靠近电解槽阴极位置,由于弥散在电解质中的金属雾和阳极产生的气体加剧了Si3N4结合SiC材料受腐蚀破坏;板材由于受热不均产生了开裂现象,且开裂位置会加剧材料的腐蚀破坏,进一步的分析表明,Si3N4结合SiC材料在稀土熔盐中主要受腐蚀的是含Si3N4的结合相。     

原位SiC颗粒对SiCP/MoSi2抗氧化性能的影响

利用热重量分析法(简称TGA法)、X-射线衍射(X-Ray)、SEM和氧化动力学分析等手段研究了原位反应高温热压一次复合工艺所制不同百分含量原位SiC颗粒增强的SiCP/MoSi2在800～1 200 ℃的抗氧化性能.结果表明,SiCP/MoSi2复合材料的抗氧化性能强于纯MoSi2材料;适量原位SiC颗粒的生成可以提高SiCP/MoSi2复合材料的抗氧化性能;材料氧化反应生成的SiO2层的致密性影响其氧化活化能及抗氧化性能,SiO2层越致密,氧化活化能越高, 抗氧化性能越好.     

碳含量及添加剂对SiO2碳热还原-氮化产物的影响

以SiO2、碳黑和少量添加剂(CaO,MgO或Al2O3)为原料,在流动氮气中于1 350～1 550℃下,对SiO2碳热还原-氮化产物进行了研究.结果表明,试样S-1,S-2分别在1400℃和1 450℃加热4 h后,均生成Si2N2O和Si3N4混合物;在1 550℃保温4 h,这2种试样生成的产物均为SiC.试样S-3在1 40℃和1450℃加热4 h后所得产物为Si3N4和SiC.氧化物添加剂可以促进碳热还原-氮化反应的进行,并保留在生成的粉末体中,在随后的粉末热压或无压烧结中起烧结助剂的作用.     

硅锭线切割回收料制备高性能Si3N4结合SiC耐火材料的研究

以硅锭线切割回收料为主要原料,采用氮气气氛中反应烧结制备Si3N4结合SiC耐火材料,研究了烧成制度、原料配比、颗粒级配等对制品的气孔率、抗弯强度的影响.结果表明:原料Si含量为25％为最优配方;1300 ℃、1400℃分别保温2.5 h是合适烧成制度;合适颗粒级配的骨料添加可以降低气孔率.硅锭线切割回收料制备的Si3...     

不同粒径的SiC体积配比对SiC_p/Al基复合材料显微组织和拉伸性能的影响

为了研究不同粒径的Si C体积配比对SiC_p/Al基复合材料显微组织及拉伸性能的影响,采用高压扭转法(High-pressure torsion,HPT)将3.5μm(小)、7.0μm(大)SiC颗粒体积比分别为4∶1、1∶1、1∶4的SiC颗粒和纯Al粉末混合物制备成10%SiC_p/Al基复合材料(体积分数)。用金相显微镜、万能试验机、扫描电镜等分析2种粒径的Si C体积比对SiC_p/Al基复合材料显微组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,随扭转半径增大,各试样的SiC颗粒分布更加均匀,颗粒团聚、偏聚现象减少,其中小、大SiC颗粒体积比为1∶1的试样性能最优,伸长率、相对密度最高,分别达到14.3%和99.1%,拉伸断裂形式为塑性断裂。     

Si对Al／SiC体系润湿性的影响

综述了Si影响Al/SiC体系润湿性的研究现状,着重分析了Si对Al/SiC体系接触的影响规律和影响机制,讨论了存在的相关问题。     

SiC的添加对AlN/Mo/SiC复合陶瓷的制备和性能影响探究

以氮化铝(AlN),钼(Mo),碳化硅(SiC)为原料,采用放电等离子烧结的方式,在1700℃,30 MPa制备出致密度高达98.5％的SiC添加的AlN/Mo复合陶瓷.采用XRD,FESEM,Agilent4284型LCR自动测试仪,网络分析仪及激光导热仪对样品的微观形貌,导电性能,介电性能和热导率进行了测试分析.研究结果表明:采用放电等离子烧结工艺,在较低的温度下可以制备出组织致密均匀的AlN/Mo/SiC复合材料,但随着SiC添加含量的增加,当SiC的体积含量占到总体的60％时,复合材料的致密度又会出现明显的下降.添加SiC后,相对于AlN/Mo复合陶瓷,复合材料的电阻率得以进行有效的控制,不会出现非线性突变-渗流现象,而是在一定的范围内缓慢下降.在26.5～40.0 GHz下复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗均随着SiC含量的增加而增加.复合材料的热导率随着SiC含量的增加而下降:当致密度高于某临界值时,其热导率主要受SiC含量及其分布状态的影响,随着SiC含量的增加呈缓慢下降的趋势;而当致密度低于临界值后,致密度成为热导率的决定性因素,使得复合材料的热导率随着致密度的降低快速下降.     

Time-dependent deformation in an enhanced SiC/SiC composite

Time-dependent deformation in an enhanced SiC/SiC composite has been studied under constant load at high temperatures of 1200 °C, 1300 °C, and 1400 °C. Creep damage evolution was evaluated by a Young’s-modulus change of partial unloading and microscopic observation. The addition of the glassy phase in the matrix is very effective for protecting the composite from oxidation. The transient creep is dominant in creep life at all the temperatures. An empirical equation is proposed to describe creep behavior of the composite. It is found that creep activation energy increases with creep time at stresses lower than matrix cracking stress, but the activation energy remains constant at stresses higher than the matrix cracking stress. The creep strain rate of the composite is considered to be controlled by creep of fibers based on examining the time, strain, stress, and temperature dependencies of creep strain rates.     

Thermal shock behavior of a three-dimensional SiC/SiC composite

Thermal shock behavior of a three-dimensional (3-D) SiC/SiC composite was studied using the water-quenched method. Thermal shock damage of the composite was assessed by scanning electron microscopy characterization and residual three-point-bending strength. In the thermal shock process, the composite displayed the same bending mechanical behaviors as those of the original composite and retained 80 pct of the original strength in the longitudinal direction after being quenched from 1200°C to 25°C in water for 100 cycles. However, the composite displayed anisotropy in resistance to thermal shock damage. The observed microdamage processes were as follows: (1) formation of micropores and long crack, (2) transfer and growth of pores, (3) saturation of the dimension and the density of pores, and (4) accelerated growth of the long crack along the longitudinal direction. The critical thermal shock number for the composite was about 50. When thermal shock was less than 50 cycles, the residual flexural strength of the composite decreased with thermal shock cycles increasing. When the number was greater than 50, the strength of the composite did not decrease further.     

Mechanical properties of 2014Al/SiC composites with oxidized SiC particles

Metal-matrix composites (MMCs) are known to have wide applications in parts of transportation devices such as automobiles and aircraft. Al-matrix composites using SiC particles as reinforcements are especially spotlighted because of their low cost, superior specific modulus, specific strength, wear resistance, and high-temperature stability. However, Al₄C₃ formed by the interfacial reaction between Al and SiC weakens the interfacial bonding strength. It is also known to be unstable in the water-soluble atmosphere. In this study, the passive oxidation of SiC powder is used as a protective layer against the reaction between the Al matrix and the SiC particles. We investigated the changes in interfacial product of the composites, and mechanical properties such as interfacial bonding strength and tensile strength, in terms of the oxidized-layer thickness of the reinforcement.     

固溶温度及SiC含量对粉末冶金SiC/Al-Mg基复合材料组织与性能的影响

以SiC颗粒为增强体,Al-Mg-Cu-Fe-Sn合金作为基体合金,采用真空热压再热挤压的方法制备SiC/Al-Mg基复合材料,然后进行固溶和时效热处理,通过扫描电镜观察热压与挤压态材料的形貌,测试时效态材料的维氏硬度、拉伸性能,并进行电化学腐蚀实验,研究固溶温度及SiC颗粒含量(体积分数,下同)对该复合材料的显微组织与性能的影响。结果表明:随SiC颗粒含量增加,SiC/Al-Mg其复合材料的抗拉强度明显提高,材料在拉伸过程中的Serration现象减弱,10%SiC/Al-Mg基复合材料的屈服强度从基体合金的57 MPa提高到246 MPa,而伸长率从23.5%降低到6.0%。随固溶处理温度从400℃升高到570℃,材料的硬度先升高后降低,在固溶温度为500℃时,10%SiC/Al-Mg基复合材料的硬度HV达到92。粉末冶金SiC/Al-Mg基复合材料的腐蚀行为除了受SiC含量影响外,还与固溶温度有关。     

短纤维增强C-SiC复合材料的制备和性能

将T700或Nicalon-SiC短纤维、碳粉、硅粉和少量碳化硅粉混合,在1900℃热压烧结制备短纤维增强C-SiC复合材料,并对其组织、结构及性能进行了研究。结果表明:SiCf／C-SiC的相对密度和室温强度分别为95.3％和24.38MPa,均高于Cf／C-SiC的相对密度和室温强度,热压烧结过程中Cf的损伤严重。短纤雄增强C-SiC复合材料中,由于C相和SiC相的同时存在,在同一温度下的氧化行为表现为在氧化初期氧化质量损失率较大,C相的氧化起主要作用;随氧化时间的增长,氧化质量损失率逐渐减小;在氧化后期则质量增加,SiC相的惰性氧化起主要作用。SiCf／C-SiC复合材料的抗氧化性能优于Cf／C-SiC复合材料的抗氧化性能。SiCf／C-SiC复合材料在温度为1100℃～1400℃时,温度越高,氧化质量损失率越小,抗氧化性能越强。     

高体积分数SiC／Cu复合材料的研究进展

高体积分数SiC/Cu复合材料具有热导率高、热膨胀系数低、耐磨性优异及可焊性好等优点,在电子封装及摩擦磨损领域有很大的应用潜力.本文综合评述了SiC/Cu复合材料的制备技术,详细阐述了SiC-Cu的润湿性、界面反应及活性润湿的机理,指出了SiC/Cu复合材料的发展方向和应用前景.     

Co-Ti/SiC、Co-Ti/石墨体系的润湿性研究

设计了Co-73.3Ti（质量分数）高温钎料，并采用座滴法研究了Co-73．3Ti／SiC、Co-73．3Ti／石墨体系的润湿性以及保温时间对接触角的影响。结果表明，Co-73．3Ti／SiC体系中由于活性元素Ti的加入增加了Si和C在钎料中的溶解度，体系润湿性随保温时间的延长逐渐改善，直至钎料在SiC表面完全铺展。而由于石墨结构中存在于固液界面的外缘线前的孔洞阻止了钎料铺展，保温时间对Co-73．3Ti／石墨体系的接触角影响较小。微观形貌分析表明，Co-73．3Ti钎料与SiC和石墨的界面处都发生了元素的互扩散。     

Solid state SiC/Ni alloy reaction

The solid state reaction between silicon carbide and a model superalloy consisting of 70 at. pct Ni, 20 at. pct Cr, and 10 at. pct Al was studied between 700 °C and 1150 °C for times ranging from “0” hours to 330 hours. Reaction couples consisting of SiC/Ni, SiC/Cr, and SiC/NiCr were also studied. The reactions were carried out in air with the materials, in the shape of discs, maintained in contact under a pressure of 7 MPa. A reaction was detected with SiC and the model alloy at all temperatures studied, and the reaction was diffusion controlled with an activation energy of 184 kJ/mole. In the ceramic the reaction was dominated by the diffusion of Ni into the ceramic forming a banded structure consisting of alternating layers of δ-Ni₂Si and a two phase mixture of graphite and δ. On the metal side, the reaction was very dependent on the presence of alloying elements, with pure Ni reacting to the greatest extent, followed by the binary NiCr alloy, and finally by NiCrAl. The growth and presence of the phases detected in these reactions is consistent with phase equilibria concepts.     

原位生长SiC/MoSi_2复合材料的制备工艺及其力学性能

通过反应烧结成功地制得了in-situ SiC/MOSi_2复合材料,该复合材料的组织均匀致密,相对密度达97.8％,强化相SiC的粒径小于1μm,体积分数为19.8％.复合材料室温抗弯强度为542MPa,断裂韧性5.21MPa·m~(1/2),维氏硬度12.21 GPa;在1200℃和1400℃时的抗压强度为596MPa和175MPa,800℃时的维氏硬度为8.2 GPa.在Al_2O_3和SiC磨盘上表现出优异的耐磨性能。