热处理制度对高炉渣CMAS微晶玻璃结构与性能的影响

以高炉渣为主要原料制备CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2(CMAS)系统微晶玻璃。利用DSC、XRD、SEM研究了微晶化温度、时间对微晶玻璃的物相及显微结构、性能的影响。结果表明:高炉渣微晶玻璃试样的主晶相为钙黄长石相,次晶相为α-钡长石相。在高炉渣含量一定的前提下,微晶化温度的提高,时间的延长,都有利于基础玻璃中微晶相析出,制备出的微晶玻璃性能也随之提高。     

CaO/SiO_2比对高炉渣微晶玻璃结构和性能的影响

利用高炉渣并添加辅料制备了基础玻璃,对基础玻璃进行热处理制备出以钙铝黄长石、透辉石为主晶相的微晶玻璃。运用DSC、XRD、SEM等测试方法,综合分析CaO/SiO_2比对高炉渣微晶玻璃结构和性能的影响。结果表明:随着CaO/SiO_2比从0.358增加至0.468,微晶玻璃析晶温度逐渐降低,微晶玻璃的主晶相均为钙铝黄长石、次晶相均为普通辉石,微晶玻璃的体积密度、显微硬度及抗折强度呈现上升趋势。随着CaO/SiO_2比继续增加至0.599,微晶玻璃析晶温度开始上升,主晶相转变为透辉石。微晶玻璃的体积密度、显微硬度呈现上升趋势,而抗折强度呈现下降趋势。当CaO/SiO_2比为0.468时,样品的机械性能最好,体积密度为2.789g/cm~3,抗折强度为46.2MPa。     

利用废渣一次烧结制备微晶玻璃釉面砖的研究

以工业废弃高炉渣为主要原料,采用一次烧结法制备了微晶玻璃釉面砖.高炉渣的组成为CaO、SiO_2、Al_2O_3、少量Fe2O3及TiO_2等.当高炉渣粒度为3.3μm,原料配比为高炉渣80wt%、钾长石10wt%、滑石10wt%时,800℃保温30 min,1 160℃保温1.5 h制得样品.样品的吸水率为0.12%,显微硬度为6.5 GPa,抗弯强度为128 MPa,满足GB/T3810对釉面砖性能要求.微晶玻璃主晶相为硅灰石(含少量钙长石),晶粒1μm左右,晶体形貌为球状和针状.     

Na2B4O7·5H2O对用高钛高炉渣制备微晶泡沫玻璃的影响

为更好地利用废弃物高钛高炉渣,本文以高钛高炉渣和废玻璃为主要原料,硼砂Na2B4O7•5H2O为助熔剂,AlN为发泡剂,通过 “一步法”,即同步实现发泡和析晶,在1000 ℃制备了微晶泡沫玻璃。通过对微晶泡沫玻璃进行XRD、SEM检测分析,及物理、力学性能测试,研究了助熔剂添加量(4~7wt.%)对微晶泡沫玻璃的物相、微观组织和性能影响。结果表明：助熔剂添加量对微晶泡沫玻璃的物相影响不大,仅为不同辉石类间转变,即由透辉石、钙铁辉石和绿辉石向普通辉石转变;随助熔剂添加量增加,体系软化程度显著增加,孔壁更密实,气孔显著增大,有连通孔形成;微晶泡沫玻璃的气孔率增大,体积密度、抗压强度和导热系数减小。当助熔剂添加量为5wt.%时,微晶泡沫玻璃的综合性能最好。     

热处理对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃性能影响

以CaO-A l2O3-SiO2为主要原料,采用烧结法制备出微晶玻璃.利用DSC确定了核化温度和晶化温度.利用XRD和SEM研究微晶玻璃的物相组成和显微结构.通过研究热处理温度对微晶玻璃性能的影响,可得出在780℃核化1h、948℃晶化2h时,微晶玻璃的性能最好.     

利用包钢转炉渣制备微晶玻璃的实验研究

以包钢转炉渣为主要原料,采用熔融法制备了钢渣微晶玻璃.采用DSC,XRD,SEM等分析手段研究了基础玻璃的析晶行为和微晶玻璃的微观结构.结果表明,实验制备的玻璃陶瓷主晶相为普通辉石,晶粒形貌为颗粒状,晶粒的尺寸约为0.2μm,制品具有较好的力学性能,抗弯强度可以达到254 MPa.     

利用熔融态高炉渣制备微晶玻璃的研究

将高炉渣与辅料分别熔化,以在高温条件下混熔的方式制备性能稳定的基础玻璃。通过对基础玻璃的微热分析(DSC)确定玻璃的热处理工艺制度。结合X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对微晶玻璃的结构与性能进行了研究。结果表明:基础玻璃中F含量的增加,有利于促进微晶玻璃成核和晶体长大,降低微晶玻璃的形核结晶温度。在低温热处理条件下得到微晶玻璃的主晶相为萤石,高温热处理得到的微晶玻璃同时析出了霞石和萤石两个微晶相。熔融态高炉渣微晶玻璃中,晶相的含量、种类对其抗折强度和硬度有显著影响,该实验条件下试样的抗折强度最高可达166.12 MPa,显微硬度最高可达672.13 MPa。     

Na_2B_4O_7·5H_2O对用高钛高炉渣制备微晶泡沫玻璃的影响

为更好地利用废弃物高钛高炉渣,以高钛高炉渣和废玻璃为主要原料,硼砂Na2B4O7·5H2O为助熔剂,Al N为发泡剂,通过"一步法",即同步实现发泡和析晶,在1 000℃条件下制备微晶泡沫玻璃。通过对微晶泡沫玻璃进行XRD、SEM检测分析,以及物理、力学性能测试,研究了助熔剂添加量((wt)4%~7%)对微晶泡沫玻璃的物相、微观组织和性能影响。结果表明:助熔剂添加量对微晶泡沫玻璃的物相影响不大,仅为不同辉石类间转变,即由透辉石、钙铁辉石和绿辉石向普通辉石转变;随助熔剂添加量增加,体系软化程度显著增加,孔壁更密实,气孔显著增大,有连通孔形成;微晶泡沫玻璃的气孔率增大,体积密度、抗压强度和导热系数减小;当助熔剂添加量为5%时,微晶泡沫玻璃的综合性能最好。     

配料对焚烧飞灰电弧炉熔渣晶化行为的影响

将垃圾焚烧飞灰电弧炉熔融处理后的液态熔渣直接浇铸成型后热处理,运用同步热分析仪、X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜等方法,研究废玻璃和晶核剂(TiO2和Cr2O3)等辅助原料的添加对微晶玻璃晶化行为及性能影响.研究表明,适量掺加废玻璃对微晶玻璃理化性能有显著改善,晶核剂类型及添加比对微晶玻璃主晶相和晶化程度影响较大,微晶玻璃的理想原料配比为m(废玻璃)∶m(垃圾焚烧飞灰)=1∶1,晶核剂TiO2添加质量分数为3%,制成的微晶玻璃主晶相为透辉石Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)2O6和少量普通辉石Ca(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)2O6,抗弯强度54.96 MPa,主要理化性能达到或优于天然花岗岩和大理石,重金属浸出浓度低于国际建材环保要求限值.     

利用滑石制备微晶玻璃的工艺及其结构

研究了以滑石为主要原料制备Na2O-MgO-AI2 O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃的工艺,探讨了成分对微晶玻璃的结构和性能的影响规律.结果表明:微晶玻璃的主晶相取决于MgO、Al2O3、SiO2 3种成分的比例关系,通过调整这3种氧化物的含量,可以得到以镁橄榄石、斜顽辉石以及它们混合物为主晶相的微晶玻璃.微晶玻璃的热处理工艺为1 000℃保温1～2 h.Fe2O3、TiO2和ZnO成分对微晶玻璃白度的影响较大,当试样中质量分数Fe2 O3＜0.1％,TiO2＜0.01％,ZnO为1％时,微晶玻璃的白度可达85,可以满足日用陶瓷的使用要求.     

Influence of crucible material on the microstructure and properties of iron rich glass-ceramics

Slag glass melting is usually performed on a laboratory scale in crucibles, which are economically viable tools for the production of slag glass-ceramics. In this work, quaternary CaO-Al₂O₃-MgOSiO₂ (CAMS) glass-ceramics were prepared by melting the tailing of Bayan Obo mine tailing, blast furnace slag, and fly ash in alumina and graphite crucibles. The effect of the crucible material on the microstructure and properties of the glass-ceramics was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results indicated that the contents of Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃ in the initial glass were significantly changed by the corrosion of the alumina crucibles during the glass melting process and by the reducing action of the graphite crucibles. The main crystal phases of glass-ceramics melted in alumina crucibles and graphite crucibles were Ca (Mg, Fe, Al) (Si, Al)₂O₆, coesite and Ca (Mg, Al) (Si, Al)₂O₆, respectively. According to these findings, we conclude that the microstructure and properties of the glass-ceramics are affected by the crucibles.     

垃圾焚烧飞灰电弧炉熔渣微晶玻璃的晶化行为

将垃圾焚烧飞灰与适量废玻璃粉混合后用电弧炉熔融处理,产生的水冷熔渣进一步粉碎、压型并在750～1 050℃间热处理制取微晶玻璃,运用同步热分析仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等测试设备对微晶玻璃的晶化行为及性能进行分析测试.研究表明:微晶玻璃主晶相为硅灰石CaSiO3和少量透辉石Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)2O6,其衍射峰随处理温度升高呈增加趋势,850℃热处理时所得微晶玻璃具有较佳的微观结构和物理、机械及化学性能,其密度为2.62 g/cm3、抗弯强度达90.44 MPa,耐酸碱性分别为2.7％、0.9％,重金属浸出浓度非常低.     

Glass-ceramics made from arc-melting slag of waste incineration fly ash

Grate fly ash and fluidized bed fly ash mixed with glass cullet additive respectively were melted in the electronic arc-furnace. The product, arc-melting slag, was further treated by crushing, pressing and heat treatment in order to make the glass-ceramics. The crystallization behaviors of the produced glass-ceramics were examined by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that main crystalline phase of the glass-ceramics from grate fly ash is wollastonite (CaSiO₃) with small amount of diopside (Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)₂O₆), and that from fluidized bed fly ash is diopside (Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)₂O₆). It is found that the glass-ceramics sintered at 850 °C and 1 000 °C from grate fly ash and fluidized bed fly ash respectively have the optimal physical, mechanical and chemical characteristics. Glass-ceramics samples, produced from incinerator fly ash with desirable properties and the low leaching concentration of heavy metals, can be the substitute of nature materials such as marble, granite and porcelain tiles.     

MnO2对磷渣微晶玻璃显微结构和性能的影响

烧结法CaO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃具有结构致密均匀,抗冲击、耐磨、耐腐蚀、无放射性、色泽丰富、纹理美观等特性,是一种新型绿色环保型装饰材料。以磷渣为主要原料,以Fe2O3和MnO2为着色剂,制备了米黄色微晶玻璃。利用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜等测试技术,研究了不同MnO2含量对微晶玻璃显微结构、晶相种类的影响,测定了微晶玻璃的化学稳定性。研究结果表明:当MnO2质量含量小于5.5%时,微晶玻璃主晶相为β-硅灰石,随着MnO2含量的增加析晶量减少,晶粒尺寸由0.42μm减小到0.3μm;当MnO2质量分数为6%时,主晶相变为钠长石且析晶量增加、晶体尺寸增大。当MnO2质量分数大于4%时,MnO2质量分数每增加0.5%其摊平温度约降低10℃,适量加入MnO2使其化学稳定性提高。     

钢渣微晶玻璃的研究

探讨了ＣａＯ—ＭｇＯ—Ａｌ２Ｏ３—ＳｉＯ２系统钢渣微晶玻璃的烧结法制备工艺。研究了玻璃成分对烧结和晶化过程、结构和性质的影响，讨论了烧结和表面成核机理。     

Effect of water washing pre-treatment on the properties of glass-ceramics from incinerator fly ash using electronic arc furnace

Production of glass-ceramics by sintering the molten slag obtained from electric arc furnace treatment of fly ash was investigated. The effect of washing pretreatment prior to melting the fly ash on the microstructure and properties of the glass-ceramics was examined. The results show that washing pretreatment of fly ash can decrease alkali metal chloride and increase network former in fly ash, which results in the increase of peak crystallization temperature of parent glass and strengthening of properties of bending strength and chemical stability of the glass-ceramics. The optimal heat treatment temperature for parent glass of washed fly ash is 1 173 K, at which the crystalline phase of glass-ceramics is composed of gelignite (Ca2Al2SiO7) and akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7). Glass-ceramics produced at optimal heat treatment temperature are excellent in term of the physical and chemical properties and leaching characteristics, indicating attractive potential as substitute of nature materials.     

锂铝硼硅微晶玻璃热处理制度的优化设计

采用差热分析(DTA) ,X衍射分析(XRD) ,扫描电镜分析(SEM )等分析手段研究热处理制度对锂铝硼硅微晶玻璃热膨胀系数的影响,并主要通过正交试验分析热处理过程中各因素对热膨胀系数的影响。得到影响因素的主次顺序为:晶化温度>核化时间>核化温度>晶化时间,并得出较好的热处理工艺条件:核化温度72 0℃、核化时间90min、晶化温度810℃、晶化时间16 0min ,为该晶系微晶玻璃的研究提供有益的参考。     

钙铝硅系微晶玻璃残余应力的初探

介绍了 X射线衍射法测试应力的原理 ,并用 X射线衍射法测定了 Ca O- Al2 O3- Si O2 系微晶玻璃的残余应力 ,结合应力测试结果探讨了 Ca O- Al2 O3- Si O2 系微晶玻璃残余应力的形成原理。 X射线衍射法测试残余应力结果表明 ,试样表面的残余应力为压应力 ,并且当试样表面经过机械磨抛后 ,压应力值变小     

Effect of Al2O3 Content on Residual Stress and Properties of CAS Glass-ceramics

The structure and properties of the glass-ceramics were tested with X-ray diffraction testing instrument,correlative software,and other modern testing means.Then the effect of Al2O3 content on internal stresses in CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics was studied deeply.In order to study the relationship of Al2O3 to the residual stress of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics,X-ray diffraction"sin2 ψ"was used.The means utilized the x radial incidence produced from cathode radial tube,and took the space between crystals as measurement of strain.When the stresses produced,the space between crystals changed and the diffraction peak moved during Bragg diffraction.The magnitude of movement is related to the stresses.The experimental results show the residual stress is considerably high and Al2O3 can influence the mechanical properties of this material hugely.