共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Preparation,surface-active properties,and antimicrobial activities of bis-quaternary ammonium salts from amines and epichlorohydrin 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
A series of new cationic surfactants, bis-quaternary ammonium salts, were prepared from tert-alkylamine and a product of the reaction of epichlorohydrin with decyl- and dodecylamine, and their surface-active properties
were measured. Specifically, the critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (γCMC), surface excess concentration (Γ), area per molecule at the interface (A), and standard free energies of adsorption (ΔG
ads
o) and of micellization (ΔG
mic
o) were determined. All these surfactants showed good water solubility and low CMC, more than one order of magnitude lower
than those of corresponding mono-alkylammonium salts. They also showed good foaming properties but worse wetting capabilities.
Many of these compounds had antimicrobial activities against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and yeast (Candida albicans), but they were not active against molds. 相似文献
2.
M. E. Abdel-Raouf N. E. Maysour A. M. Abdul-Raheim Sh. M. El-Saeed R. K. Farag 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2011,14(1):23-30
Some alkylnaphthalene and alkylphenanthrene sulfonates were synthesized by means of a Wurtz–Fittig reaction. The HLB values
for the prepared compounds were calculated, and the basic properties were studied in water at different temperatures, namely,
25, 35 and 45 °C. Through surface tension measurements, the following values were determined: the critical micelle concentration
(CMC) and the surface tension at the CMC (γCMC). The following values were calculated: area per molecule at the CMC (ACMC), standard free energy change of micellization (ΔG
mic), standard free energy of adsorption (ΔG
ad), and the efficiency of a surfactant in reducing surface tension (pC20). Furthermore, the partition coefficients of the synthesized
compounds were also measured. The results show that n-alkylnaphthalene and n-alkylphenanthrene surfactants studied exhibit desirable properties that may be of value in some fields such as detergency.
To confirm the detergency power of the prepared surfactants, some foam studies were performed. 相似文献
3.
Synthesis and study of the surface properties of long-chain alkylnaphthalene sulfonates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Long-chain alkylnaphthalene sulfonates were synthesized by means of a Wurtz-Fittig reaction, and the basic properties were
studied in water at 30°C. Through surface tension measurements, the following values were determined: the critical micelle
concentration (CMC) and the surface tension at the CMC (γCMC). The following values were calculated: area per molecule at the CMC (ACMC), standard free energy change of micellization (ΔG
mic
o
), standard free energy of adsorption (ΔG
ad
o
), and the “efficiency” of a surfactant in reducing surface tension (pC20). The micelle aggregation numbers were measured through steady-state fluorescence-quenching methods. As the chain length
of the hydrocarbon of n-alkylnaphthalene sulfonate increased, the Krafft temperature increased, the surface tension decreased, the value of CMC decreased,
pC20 increased, ΔG
ad
o
and ΔG
mic
o
became more negative, and the micelle aggregation number increased. The results showed that sodium α-(n-decyl)naphthalene sulfonate (DNS) had a high pC20, low Krafft temperature, and lower CMC than other surfactants in this study. Thus, DNS and the other n-alkylnaphthalene surfactants studied exhibit desirable properties that may be of value in some fields such as detergency,
oil recovery, and dyes. 相似文献
4.
Zhigang Xu Pengfei Li Weihong Qiao Zongshi Li Lubo Cheng 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2006,9(3):245-248
Surface properties of two series of anionic arylalkyl surfactants, containing different aromatic rings in the straight aliphatic
chain, sodium N-aryloleyl-N-methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonates and sodium N-aryloleyl p-methoxyanili-nesulfonates, were investigated. An increase of the aromatic ring size in the alkyl chain increases the critical
micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at CMC. However, this also decreases the efficiency and effectiveness in reducing
water surface tension. The dominant factor of the decrease of efficiency and effectiveness is attributed to the function of
the hydrophilic segment and hydrophobic segment for arylalkyl surfactants, respectively. The same results are found in the
standard free energy of adsorption (ΔG
o
ads) and the standard free energy of micellization (ΔG
o
mic) values. Moreover, with the increase of the aromatic ring size, the adsorption and micellization of arylalkyl surfactants
begin to weaken. The data indicate that some parts of surface properties for arylalkyl surfactants are affected by the bulkiness
of the arylalkyl chain. The results provide opportunities for further detailed examination of surface properties of arylalkyl
surfactants with other branched alkyl chains. 相似文献
5.
A. M. Badawi M. A. Mekawi A. S. Mohamed M. Z. Mohamed M. M. Khowdairy 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2007,10(4):243-255
In this study, steps were taken toward the development of bactericidal and fungicidal synthetic cationic surfactants by reacting
decyl, dodecyl or tetradecyl amine with acetic or hydrochloric acid to produce a series of amine salts which consequently
converted to copper or cobalt cationic complexes via complexing the first series compounds with copper (II) or cobalt (II)
ions. Surface properties such as interfacial tension and emulsifying power of these surfactants were investigated. The surface
parameters including critical micelle concentration (CMC), maximum surface excess (Γmax) and minimum surface area (A
min) were studied. Free energy of micellization (ΔG°mic) and adsorption (ΔG°ads) were calculated. The antimicrobial activity was determined via the inhibition zone diameter of the prepared compounds, which
measured against five strains of a representative group of microorganisms. FTIR spectra, elemental analysis and H1 NMR spectrum were performed to confirm compound structure and purity.
相似文献
M. Z. MohamedEmail: |
6.
Three fluorinated cationic surfactants were prepared by condensing N-methyl diethanol amine pentafluoro benzoate with stoichiometric amounts of octyl, dodecyl or hexadecyl bromide. The surface
properties and parameters were investigated to find the relationship between the structures of the hydrophobic portion of
such compounds. The properties studied include surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness (Πcmc), maximum surface excess (Γmax) and minimum surface area (Amin) were investigated with respect to different concentrations at 25 °C. Standard free energies of micellization and adsorption
of the prepared surfactants in the aqueous solution were studied. The values of Γmax, standard free energies of micellization
\Updelta \textG\textmic\texto \Updelta {\text{G}}_{\text{mic}}^{\text{o}} and adsorption
\Updelta \textG\textads\texto \Updelta {\text{G}}_{\text{ads}}^{\text{o}} were found to increase with the chain length, while the cmc and minimum surface area occupied by one molecule Amin were found to decrease. The biocidal activity was determined through the inhibition zone diameter of prepared compounds which
were measured against five strains of a representative group of microorganisms. 相似文献
7.
Manar El-Sayed Abdel-Raouf Abdul-Raheim Mahmoud Abdul-Raheim Abdel-Azim Ahmed Abdel-Azim 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2011,14(1):113-121
Several ethoxylated sugar-based amine surfactants have been synthesized and characterized by IR and 1HNMR spectroscopy. The surface activity of the prepared compounds has been thoroughly studied and some of their surface properties
(such as CMC, Γmax, and A
min) have been calculated. The surface properties of the prepared compounds were correlated to their chemical structure. It was
found that CMC decreases when increasing the molecular weight of polyethylene glycols, whereas A
min increases. Furthermore, the thermodynamic parameters of adsorption and micellization were also calculated. They include ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS of micellization and adsorption. The data show that the synthesized surfactants favor adsorption, so that they can be used
as demulsifiers for crude oil emulsions. In this respect, the demulsification test was carried out and the results of demulsification
efficiency were correlated to the chemical composition of the investigated compounds. Some factors that affect the demulsification
efficiency were also considered. 相似文献
8.
H. A. Shehata A. A. Abd El-wahab A. A. Hafiz I. Aiad M. A. Hegazy 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2008,11(2):139-144
A series of novel cationic surfactants were synthesized from the quaternization of triethyl amine and various long chain alkyl
halide. The chemical structure of the prepared compounds was confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR and 1H-NMR spectra. The physical properties of the synthesized surfactants including, electrical conductivity, critical micelle
concentration, (CMC) and the degree of ionization of the micelle, (β) were studied. The thermodynamic parameters of micelle
formation, standard free energy ΔG
m°, enthalpy ΔH
m°, and entropy ΔS
m° were calculated. The results of the surface parameter determination were correlated with their chemical structures. It was
found that the hydrocarbon chain length is the main factor which has an effect on the value of the thermodynamic parameters.
相似文献
I. AiadEmail: |
9.
Milton J. Rosen Lin Fei Yun-Peng Zhu Stephen W. Morrall 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》1999,2(3):343-347
In an investigation of possible relationships between interfacial properties of surfactants and their environmental effect,
using several anionic and nonionic surfactants, a linear correlation was found between the parameters, ΔG
0
ad/A
min, and rotifer toxicity. ΔG
0
ad is a standard free energy of adsorption at the air/aqueous solution interface, and A
min is the minimal hydrated cross-sectional area of the surfactant molecule. Both quantities were evaluated from surface tension
data. This correlation is much better than attempted correlations of the toxicity with the negative logarithm of the critical
micelle concentration (−log CMC) or with ΔG
0
ad or A
min alone. The ΔG
0
ad/A
min correlation with rotifer toxicity is also better than the correlation with the analogous parameter, Δ
s
|
G
ads
0|
Amin, obtained from adsorption isotherms of the surfactants on a solid immobilized membrane simulating a cell membrane. The data
support our hypothesis that toxicity is determined both by adsorption tendency and ease of cell membrane penetration. 相似文献
10.
The physicochemical and interfacial properties of the monomeric surfactants cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), cetyltriphenyl
phosphonium bromide (CTPB), tetradecyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (TTPB), cetyldiethylethanol ammonium bromide (CDEEAB),
cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CTACl), tetradecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB), and a gemini surfactant (C16-3-C16, 2Br−) at different pH (3.1, 7.0, and 7.75) have been investigated by conductivity and surface tension measurements at 300 K. The
critical micellar concentration (CMC), degree of micellar ionization (α), surface excess concentration (Гmax), minimum surface area per molecule of surfactant (A
min), Gibbs free energy of micellization (∆G
m0), surface pressure at the CMC (π
CMC), and the Gibbs energy of adsorption (∆G
ads0) of the monomeric surfactants have also been determined. The CMC, α and Гmax, increase with increasing pH whereas A
min decreases. 相似文献
11.
Amal A. Hafiz A. M. Badawi F. I. El-Deeb E. A. Soliman M. Y. El-Awady D. E. Mohamed 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2010,13(2):165-172
A novel series of ferrocenyl surfactants was synthesized by the reaction of ferrocene disulfonic acid with different primary
and tertiary fatty amines to produce the corresponding ammonium salts Fc[SO3
−
+NH3(CH2)
n
CH3]2, where n = 9, 11, or 15 and Fc[SO3− +NH(CH3)2(CH2)
n
CH3]2, where n = 7 or 11, respectively, and where Fc = ferrocene. Chemical structures were confirmed by microelemental analysis, FTIR, and
1H NMR spectroscopy. The critical micelle concentration of each prepared surfactant was determined using equilibrium surface
tension. Furthermore, air/water interface parameters including effectiveness (π
CMC), efficiency (Pc20), maximum surface excess (Гmax), and minimum surface area (A
min) were determined at 30, 40, and 50 °C. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH°) for both micellization and adsorption processes were recorded. The new synthesized surfactants were screened as antimicrobial
agents against different bacterial and fungal organisms. 相似文献
12.
M. Z. Mohamed 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2008,11(2):175-179
Four fluorinated cationic surfactants were prepared by condensing 2,2,3,3, tetrafluoro-1-propyl chloroacetate with stoichiometric
amounts of pyridine, 2-hydroxypyridine, 8-hydroxyquinoline and 8-hydroxyquinaldine to produce four quaternary ammonium salts.
The surface and biocidal properties of these surfactants were investigated. Surface properties of their solutions including
surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness (Πcmc), maximum surface excess (Γmax) and minimum surface area (A
min) were investigated with respect to different concentrations at 25 °C. Standard free energies of micellization and adsorption
of the prepared surfactants in the aqueous solution were studied. The biocidal activity was determined via the inhibition
zone diameter of prepared compounds which tested against six strains as a representative group of microorganisms.
相似文献
M. Z. MohamedEmail: |
13.
Andrzej Piasecki Adam Sokołowski Bogdan Burczyk Urszula Kotlewska 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(1):33-37
In the reaction of cis- and trans-2-n-alky-5-hydroxyl-1,3-dioxane mixtures with SO3 · pyridine complex, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, a new group of anionic surfactants,
i.e., sodium cis- and trans-(2-n-alkyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)sulfates were obtained. The hydrophobic intermediates used in the sulfation reaction were obtained
in high yields from four-component glycerol acetals by the process of transacetalization and selective crystallization of
1,3-dioxane derivatives. The physical data of the new compounds and some of their surface properties, such as critical micelle
concentration (CMC), effectiveness of water surface tension reduction πCMC, standard free energies of adsorption and micellization, ΔG
ads
o
and ΔG
CMC
o
, surface excess concentration, ΓCMC, and the surface area demand per molecule, ACMC, were determined. It was shown that the surface activity of the standard anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate should
be similar to the surface activity of sodium (2-n-decyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)sulfate.
Part XXX in the series: Chemical Structure and Surface Activity. Part XXIX: Sokołowski, A., B. Burczyk, and H.-R. Holzbauer,
Adsorption of n-butyloligooxypropylene-pentaoxyethylene block copolymers at the aqueous solution-air interface, Collid Surfaces, in press. 相似文献
14.
The adsorption behavior of synthesized anionic surfactants with the chemical structure RO-Ph-N=N-Ph-SO3Na, where R is an octyl, dodecyl, or cetyl group, was analyzed by using a modified version of the Frumkin adsorption isotherm.
The values of thermodynamic parameters (including free energy of micellization, ΔG
mic, and of adsorption, ΔG
ads) at the solution/air interface and the solid/liquid interface were calculated, and the relation between the adsorption of
the surfactants at these interfaces was investigated. Studies of the surface properties of these synthetic surfactants showed
that the length of the hydrocarbon chain of these surfactants plays a major role in determining their surface and thermodynamic
properties and that there is a good relationship between the effectiveness of adsorption of the surfactant and its efficiency
as a collector. 相似文献
15.
E. McCafferty 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2010,40(3):543-549
The free energy change is calculated for the interaction of 19 different oxyanions (metalates) with iron (steel) or aluminum
surfaces. The oxyanions considered here are those of the transition metals in the fourth through sixth periods of the periodic
table. The oxyanions which produce more negative values of ΔG
o (per mole of oxyanion) than that of chromate (CrO4
−2) are permanganate (MnO4
−), nickelate (NiO4
−2), ruthenate (RuO4
− or RuO4
−2), and rhodate (RhO4
−2). The oxyanions which produce values of ΔG
o (per mole of oxyanion) similar to CrO4
−2 are osmate (OsO4
−2), and iridate (IrO4
−2). 相似文献
16.
17.
Andrzej Piasecki Sławomir Karczewski Irena Maliszewska 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2007,10(2):93-101
A homologous series of new surface-active 1,1-bis{[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl]amido}alkane-di-N-oxides were synthesized in the reaction of an appropriate diethyl 2-alkylmalonate with N,N-dimethylamino-1,3-propanediamine followed by oxidation with aqueous hydrogen peroxide. The adsorption isotherms of their
aqueous solutions were measured and evaluated to obtain adsorption parameters: critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface
excess concentration (ΓCMC), equilibrium surface tension at the CMC (γCMC), cross-sectional area of the adsorbed surfactant molecule (A
CMC), efficiency of surface adsorption (pC20), standard free energies of adsorption (ΔG°ads), and micellization (ΔG°CMC). All investigated di-amidoamines and di-N-oxides were practically non-toxic to selected bacteria and yeasts. These compounds are readily biodegradable in the Closed
Bottle Test inoculated with activated sludge. Surface and biological properties showed that this group of N-oxide-type compounds has high surface activity and fulfills requirements for environmental acceptance.
相似文献
Andrzej PiaseckiEmail: |
18.
Synthesis of a new glycolipid and biosurfactant analog, methyl-12-[1′-β-d-lactosyl]-octadec-9-ene-1-oate (LOD), has been done from easily accessible renewable resources, namely, lactose and ricinoleic
acid from castor oil. Surface and thermodynamic properties at the air/water interface including critical micelle concentration
(CMC), aggregation number (<N>), maximal densities (Γmax), minimal area per molecule (A
min), surface pressure at the CMC (ΠCMC ) free energy of adsorption (ΔG
ad
0), and free energy of micelle formation per mole of monomer unit (ΔG
m
0) were investigated. The results indicate that this particular glycolipid, because of branching in the hydrophobic chain,
has a comparatively large A
min value and hence a very low CMC, aggregation number, and less free energy of micellization and adsorption at the air/water
inter-face than molecules with a straight hydrophobe, for example, n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside. The effects of electrolytes (NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and AlCl3) of the same ionic strength and of increasing ionic strength on the interfacial microenvironment of LOD were also investigated.
For the same anion, Cl−, and the same ionic strength, different cations were found to have different effects on the CMC of LOD. With increasing ionic
strength, different electrolytes were found to have different effects on the interfacially located, highly hydrated aqueous
layer of the LOD micelle. The water structure-making or-breaking ability of different cations from the interfacial microenvironment
of LOD was found to depend on the charge/radius ratio of the cations. 相似文献
19.
Yun-Peng Zhu Milton J. Rosen Phillip K. Vinson Stephen W. Morrall 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》1999,2(3):357-362
The surface properties [effectiveness of surface tension reduction (γCMC) critical micelle concentration (CMC), efficiency of surface tension reduction (pC
20), maximal surface excess concentration (Γmax), minimal area/molecule at the interface (A
min), and the (CMC/C
20) ratio] of some well-purified N-alkanoyl-N-methyl glucamines and related polyol-based N-methyl amide-type surfactants, having the structural formula RC(O)N(Me)CH2(CHOH)xCH2OH, where RC(O)=undecanoyl, lauroyl, tridecanoyl, myristoyl, and x=1,3, and 4, were investigated at 25°C in distilled water
and 0.1 M NaCl. Water solubility of these compounds does not simply depend on the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule
but is associated with the balance between intermolecular hydrogen bonds and hydrogen bonds formed with water molecules. The
fundamental interfacial properties, such as CMC and γCMC and two thermodynamic parameters, standard free energy of adsorption and standard free energy of micellization, were found
to be significantly dependent on the hydrophobic acyl chain rather than on the number of CHOH groups in the hydrophilic moieties.
By contrast, the practical performance properties were greatly dependent on the nature of the hydrophilic group. As a whole,
these surfactants had desirable foaming properties and efficient wetting abilities. Furthermore, synergism in foaming and
wetting abilities was observed in a binary mixture of these surfactants with an alkyloxyethylene sulfate. 相似文献
20.
Lyubomir Vlaev Sevdalina Turmanova Antonia Dimitrova 《Journal of Polymer Research》2009,16(2):151-164
The kinetics and thermodynamics of water adsorption onto rice husks ash filled polypropene composites during soaking were
studied at different temperatures, quantities and nature of fillers. Raw rice husk, “white” and “black” rice husks ash and
Aerosil were used as fillers of polypropene. The increase of fillers contents in the polymer matrix was found to result in
non-linear increase of the amount of adsorbed water. The highest adsorption capacity showed the samples filled with raw rice
husks, while the lowest—those filled with black rice husks ash. The adsorption kinetics was limited by intra-particle diffusion
in plane sheet particles. The values of the diffusion coefficients D, diffusion constants D
o, activation energy of the diffusion process Е
а, changes of free energy ΔG
≠, enthalpy ΔH
≠ and entropy ΔS
≠ for the formation of the activated complex from the reagent were calculated. A compensation effect between D
o and Е
а was observed. Based on the Van’t Hoff equation, the values of the changes of standard free energy ΔG
o, enthalpy ΔH
o and entropy ΔS
o of water adsorption were calculated. The sorption process is exothermal in nature and accompanied with decrease of the entropy.
The values of the sorption coefficient S and permeability coefficient P were calculated at 25 and 90 °C. 相似文献