某脱盐水处理站运行问题与改进

吉林某厂脱盐水处理站采用多介质+活性炭+反渗透+混床工艺制备除盐水作为供热站锅炉补水使用。该项目运行半年左右,脱盐水站出现反渗透系统制水量不足、膜脱盐率降低、混床再生周期缩短等运行问题。经过现场跟踪勘查,采取了改变原水加热方式、增加调酸装置、更改膜配比、填充树脂等一系列整改措施,使脱盐水系统水量及水质恢复正常。     

双室阳阴浮动床+混床工艺制取脱盐水的工程实例

介绍了电渗析法、反渗透法和离子交换法等脱盐工艺的适用条件和优缺点。以某公司新建脱盐水站工程为例,该工程采用双室阳阴浮动床+混床工艺,主要包括阳双室浮床、除碳器、阴双室浮床、混床、再生、清洗系统、加氨装置、自控系统等设备。采用该工艺的脱盐水工艺指标合格率100%,达到了设计要求。     

双膜法在煤制烯烃锅炉除盐水项目中的设计与应用

采用双膜法（超滤+反渗透）+混床系统工艺处理西北某能源集团煤制烯烃项目中的锅炉补给水原水，通过对除盐水系统工艺流程、过滤系统参数以及稳定运行一年后的实际运行数据进行详细介绍与分析，得出结论，双膜法工艺在煤化工锅炉除盐水系统处理中是稳定可靠的，终端混床产水电导<0.20μS/cm，硬度为0，完全满足国标GB/T 12145-2016电厂锅炉补给水要求，吨水运行成本小于3元，为双膜法的推广应用提供了数据支持。     

除盐水预处理系统反洗水回用分析

<正>1除盐水装置预处理设备及工艺除盐水预处理系统主要包括多介质过滤器和超滤装置,其目的是为反渗透系统提供符合浊度要求的进水;系统配置原水池和超滤产水箱,分别储存原料水和超滤产水。1.1多介质过滤器在运行过程中,多介质过滤器为全自动化操作,运行过程包括运行周期(1 152 min)—排水(2.5 min)—气洗(2 min)—水反洗(15 min)—正洗(10 min)—备用。多介质过滤器主要由本体、滤帽、布水器、滤料、气水反冲洗装置等组成。     

离子膜脱盐水运行事故处理方法

我车间5t/h脱盐水站是2万t/a离子膜烧碱的配套工序。工艺流程为阳床→除碳器→阴床→混床。其中阳床、混床直径为800mm,阴床直径为1000mm,选用001×7及201×7型号树脂。由于原水(地下水)水质较差,装置能力小,开车初期事故较多,也积累了一些经验,现浅谈如下。1 阳树脂受到油的污染由于原水泵需要加油等原因,有时可能造成原     

标准化操作在除盐水生产中的应用

大庆油田化工有限公司甲醇分公司动力车间共有三套除盐水装置,因这三套装置建成时间比较早,自动化程度相对较低,除盐水生产绝大多数操作都是由工人手动完成。因此,动力车间在基层站队HSE标准化建设活动中,对除盐水生产中实现标准化操作进行了重点攻关。对生产过程中每一个操作环节进行了详细的分析,制定了步骤清晰、操作准确、动作规范、流程通畅的标准化操作内容,相继完善了各个专项操作的操作卡。实现了除盐水生产中阳、阴、混离子交换器(俗称阳床、阴床、混床)的投用与再生的标准化操作。     

二氧化硅泄漏原因分析及处理

1发现问题 河南省中原大化集团有限责任公司供水厂脱盐水处理系统目前有4套系列,软化水的弱酸阳床为固定床,采用顺流再生方式;一级除盐水装置为双室浮动床,采用对流再生方式;混床采用分布再生方式.近一段时间,其中一套系列投运制水期间,阴床、混床出水SiO2含量逐渐升高,其电导率合格,后来漏SiO2现象越来越严重,并导致脱盐水槽SiO2污染.系列夏季和冬季的分析报表数据如表1(脱盐水SiO2含量工艺控制指标:阴床≤50μg/L,混床≤20μg/L).     

超滤、反渗透、混床制脱盐水工艺在硫酸工业上的应用

随着硫磺制酸工业的国产化、大型化,硫酸副产蒸汽除用于发电外,还用于驱动鼓风机,为防止汽轮机结垢,对蒸汽的品质要求较高,相应地对脱盐水的质量要求也提高：本文介绍超滤、反渗透、混床制水工艺的原理、运行过程存在问题及对策,认为超滤＋混床＋反渗透制水工艺用在硫酸生产上是可靠的。     

脱盐水装置试车总结

我厂脱盐水装置采用混凝、过滤和离子交换的一级除盐加混床的脱盐工艺，为装置区提供纯水，本文介绍了我厂脱盐水装置试车的主要工作内容和试运行情况。     

北元PVC项目乙炔装置单机试车展开

陕西北元集团100万t／a PVC项目稳步推进,热电装置区成功生产出合格除盐水,乙炔装置单机试车逐步展开。 2010年5月7日,热电装置区化学水处理工段制出合格的压缩空气,为化学水处理混床的阴阳树脂混合提供了必要的条件。5月8日,原水经过预处理澄清、过滤器清理并经阳床、阴床、混床除盐后,各项出水指标合格,并开始向除盐水箱注水。     

Influence of Ca and Na ions in backwash water on ultrafiltration fouling control

The effect of calcium and sodium in backwash water on the fouling control of ultrafiltration is investigated on a bench scale. Besides permeate of ultrafiltration and demineralized water, solutions with different calcium or sodium concentrations were used for backwash. The results show that backwashing with demineralized water is better than with permeate of ultrafiltration. The backwash efficiency decreases when calcium and sodium are added in demineralized water for backwash. That is probably because the presence of calcium and sodium in backwash water increases the Ca-bridging effect between the negatively charged membrane and the negatively charged NOM, and compresses the double layer of the membrane and the NOM, leading to a strong adhesion force on the membrane.     

一种脱盐水处理新工艺的应用

采用失效阳床和前置阴床给水处理新工艺,实现在一套装置上同时生产软水、浅除盐水和除盐水。该技术的应用对工厂扩容、降耗、增效起到了重要作用。     

二级除盐系统在10万t/a甲醇配套工程中的应用

介绍了反渗透+混床制取二级除盐水系统的工艺流程、技术参数,以及运行过程中的优缺点和注意事项,并对生产中存在的再生频繁、酸碱消耗量大、布水管连接螺栓腐蚀等问题提出了改进措施:串阴、阳离子交换器,混床做为三级精处理,可大大延长使用周期,减少酸碱用量;更换内部连接件为316L,运行1年未出现泄漏。     

Design and construction of 4 × 1440 t/day MSF plants at Brindisi's power station (Italy): Acid / antiscale additive treatment for 100°C top brine temperature.

This paper reports the main parameters of the project, made for ENEL (Italian Electrical Power Government Company), regarding the design and supply of four MSF desalination plants at Brindisi's Power Station.The evaporators will be operated with anti-scale additive but are designed both for sulphuric acid and polymer antiscale treatment to operate at 100°C max. as top brine temperature.The distillate production (60 t/h each unit) will be used as high pressure boiler water make-up, then the distillate, mixed with the condensate coming from each unit, is demineralized by mixed bed ion exchange resin system; for this purpose, three mixed bed units are supplied.The paper reports the main design data, characteristics and materials of the above units.     

石灰岩溶地区脱盐水制备流程选择

我国南方岩溶地区的地下水具有Na+,K+,Cl-,SO42-含量低,浊度、细菌含量高的特点,在制备ρ(SiO2)<0.1mg/L,电导率(25℃)<5μS/cm的低品位脱盐水时,作者建议了三种典型的工艺流程,可供在岩溶地区设计固定床型制取脱盐水装置时参考。     

水床膜的研制

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为基体树脂,热塑性聚氨酯(PUR-T)为改性剂,配以适量的增塑剂、稳定剂、润滑剂、填充剂、着色剂等研制出水床膜,给出了水床膜的基本配方和生产工艺。采用此法生产的水床膜的拉伸强度为27.7MPa,断裂伸长率为270％,低温伸长率为27％,直角撕裂强度为65.7kN/m,尺寸变化率为4.7％,符合有关标准要求,并具有综合性能好、工艺简单、成本低廉等特点,试用效果良好。     

A method for estimating inter rivulet mixing

A method is presented for estimating inter rivulet mixing in liquid running in film flow down a packed bed. The method is based on comparing an experimentally measured tracer distribution with the theoretical distribution at several levels below the plane of tracer injection. The change in the number of traced rivulets is then estimated statistically. Experimental results for water running over Raschig rings show that inter rivulet mixing may be estimated from two experimentally determined parameters, a collision frequency factor and a mean size of rivulet.     

Dynamic analysis of a trickle bed reactor by moment technique

The performance of a trickle bed reactor is investigated by the moment technique. Residence time distributions of SO₂ tracer in both gas (Helium) and liquid (distilled water) effluents are used to predict zero reduced and first absolute moments and these values are compared with the derived theoretical expressions. Correlations are suggested for gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient, liquid hold up, and extent of axial mixing in liquid phase.True adsorption equilibrium constant of the system is estimated as 0.378 from liquid full bed experiments and contacting efficiency of the trickle bed reactor is found as 0.987.Effect of axial dispersion is not significant on gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient since absorption factor is small, but is found to be quite important on the true estimation of adsorption factor.     

Preparation, characterization and some properties of tubular alpha alumina ceramic membranes for microfiltration and as a support for ultrafiltration and gas separation membranes

The tubular ceramic membrane system prepared by us consists of a substrate which is made by means of extrusion, and a microfiltration layer which is about 30 μm thick and which is applied by a film coating technique. This two layer system can also be used as a substrate for an ultrafiltration or gas separation membrane layer which is then also applied by a coating technique. The water fluxes for different substrate-MF layer combinations are given and the influence of the substrate permeability on the total permeability is discussed. It is also shown by the permeability of some gases that the three layer system can be used for gas separation.     

Heterogene Ultrafiltrationsmembranen zur Fixierung von Enzymen

Cellulose acetate as well as polysulphon are well established polymers for the production of ultrafiltration membranes. Contrary to the former polysulphon is not suitable for enzyme immobilization. These difficulties can be eliminated by introduction of distinct substituents, but by this process the film forming tendency is lost. By mixing the original polymer with the substituted material a casting solution can be obtained to producing heterogeneous membranes. The enzymes dextranase and urease were fixed and the activated membranes were tested using dextrane and urea as substrates.