气相色谱法测定稻谷中3种有机磷农药残留量

采用气相色谱法对稻谷中3种有机磷农药敌敌畏、马拉硫磷、毒死蜱残留量进行测定。样品中农药残留用二氯甲烷提取,样液浓缩后注入气相色谱仪中,用毛细管柱进行分离,火焰光度检测器进行测定。结果显示,线性相关系数r=0.9994~0.9998,有机磷农药添加水平在0.1~0.3 mg/kg范围内,平均回收率为89.7%~103.6%,相对标准偏差为3.1%~7.5%之间,检出限为0.0054~0.0070 mg/kg。此方法的稳定性高,重现性好,可广泛应用于稻谷中农药残留的检测。     

茶鲜叶中有机磷农药残留分析

为监测茶鲜叶中有机磷农药残留污染状况,应用超声波提取、分散固相萃取净化、气相色谱检测,建立了一种简单、快速测定茶鲜叶中7种有机磷农药(敌敌畏、乐果、毒死蜱、甲基对硫磷、马拉硫磷、杀螟硫磷和三唑磷)残留的分析方法。样品采用φ(乙酸)=1%的乙腈溶液超声提取,乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶和石墨化炭黑混合吸附剂分散萃取净化,DB-1701毛细管柱程序升温分离,火焰光度检测器测定,基质外标法定量。结果表明,在0.01~4.00 mg·L~(-1)范围内,7种有机磷农药的峰面积与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.998,方法的检出限为0.003 4~0.013 6 mg·kg~(-1),定量限为0.012~0.046 mg·kg~(-1),加标回收率为77.7%~98.2%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为2.4%~8.7%。该方法操作简单、结果可靠、溶剂用量少,对检测条件要求低,适用于茶鲜叶中7种有机磷农药残留的检测。     

5 种基质中19 种有机磷农药残留的基质固相分散- 气相色谱法测定

采用基质固相分散法从5 种基质中(白菜、梨、鸡肉、玉米、紫甘蓝)提取、净化常见的19 种有机磷农药,用气相色谱- 火焰光度检测器(GC-FPD)进行检测。通过对基质固相分散的条件--吸附剂、吸附剂与样品的用量比、洗脱剂、洗脱体积进行优化,建立5 种基质中19 种有机磷农药残留分析的基质固相分散- 气相色谱(MSPD-GC)方法。利用所建立的方法进行3 个水平(0.01、0.02、0.05mg/kg)的加标回收实验。结果表明,除了添加水平为0.01mg/kg 时,乙拌磷、杀螟腈、水胺硫磷、硫线磷、三唑磷的回收率较差,其余有机磷农药中的回收率在75.0%～109.2% 之间,相对标准偏差小于16%,方法的回收率和相对标准差满足农药残留检测中准确度和精密度的要求。     

固相萃取-气相色谱法测定果汁中多种农药残留

目的 建立QuEChERS提取盐包及固相萃取净化技术结合气相色谱法测定果汁中17种农药(敌敌畏、甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷、甲拌磷、氧乐果、乐果、毒死蜱、杀螟硫磷、水胺硫磷、三唑磷、联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氟氰戊菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯)残留的分析方法。方法 果汁样品经乙酸乙酯及QuEChERS提取包提取, 提取液通过石墨化碳黑净化, 以气相色谱火焰光度检测器(flame photometric detector, FPD)、电子捕获检测器(electron capture detector, ECD)检测, 外标法定量。结果 10种有机磷农药在0.020~0.15 mg/L及7种拟除虫菊酯类农药在0.01~0.1 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好(r2≥0.9991), 方法的检出限(limits of detection, LOD)均在0.023 mg/kg以下, 平均加标回收率为72.7%~115.0%之间, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)均小于5.84%。结论 本方法具有灵敏、简便、稳定, 可以满足果汁样品中多种农药残留的检测要求。     

微波辅助净化-气相色谱法测定含硫蔬菜中有机磷农药残留

目的 建立微波辅助净化-气相色谱法测定含硫蔬菜中有机磷农药残留的分析方法。方法 样品经微波预处理抑制酶促反应后, 使用乙腈提取、基质分散固相萃取净化、丙酮复溶、有机滤膜过滤后, 采用气相色谱-火焰光度检测器测定。结果 敌敌畏、甲胺磷、氧乐果、乐果、毒死蜱、水胺硫磷在0.01~0.50 μg/mL浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系, 相关系数均大于0.999, 方法的检出限为0.0002~0.0004 mg/kg, 定量限为0.0008~0.0013 mg/kg; 有机磷农药在香葱、韭菜、白萝卜基质中加标0.002, 0.010, 0.100 mg/kg 浓度水平, 加标回收率为83.2%~104.7%, 相对标准偏差在2.3%~10.2% (n=6)。结论 本方法简便, 抗干扰能力强, 定量准确, 具有良好的重现性和稳定性, 能够有效的检测含硫蔬菜中有机磷农残的含量。     

GC-FPD法检测甘蓝蔬菜中的马拉硫磷、氧乐果和治螟磷残留

目的:建立一种固相萃取-气相色谱法检测甘蓝蔬菜中的马拉硫磷、氧乐果和治螟磷残留的分析方法。方法:用乙腈进行提取甘蓝样品,固相萃取柱净化,气相色谱火焰光度检测器(FPD)进行定性定量分析。结果:马拉硫磷、氧乐果和治螟磷在0.02～2.0μg/mL浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数(r2)均大于0.995。3种有机磷农药在低、中、高不同浓度的加标回收率均在81.2～100.6%。检出限如下:马拉硫磷:0.013mg/kg,氧乐果:0.010mg/kg,治螟磷:0.005mg/kg。精密度测试结果的相对标准偏差均在1.96～4.21%之间。结论:该方法操作简单,精密度高、准确度好,适用于甘蓝中多种有机磷农药残留的分析测定。     

气相色谱法同时测定果酱中多种有机磷农药残留

提出同时测定果酱中甲胺磷、敌敌畏、氧乐果、马拉硫磷、毒死蜱、水胺硫磷、喹硫磷七种有机磷农药残留的检测方法。在选定的色谱条件下,添加浓度在0.01～1.00mg/kg之间时七种有机磷农药的平均回收率(n=6)在82.0%～97.0%之间,相对标准偏差分别为1%～5%,方法的最低检出限(七种有机磷农药)均设为0.01mg/kg,结果显示该方法具有快速、简单、准确、灵敏度高的特点,能满足日本肯定列表的检测要求。     

气相色谱法测定蔬菜中8种有机磷农药的残留量

目的采用气相色谱法同时测定蔬菜中甲胺磷、氧化乐果、乐果、甲基对硫磷、毒死蜱、对硫磷、水胺硫磷和三唑磷8种有机磷农药的残留量。方法样品经乙腈提取后,经Agilent DB-17色谱柱分离,采用火焰光度检测器检测,以外标法定量。结果毒死蜱和乐果在0.25~5μg/m L,其他6种有机磷在0.025~0.5μg/m L浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,检出限为0.006~0.023μg/m L;8种有机磷农药的回收率为97.6%~104.8%,相对标准偏差为0.98%~1.67%。结论该方法精确可靠,重复性、稳定性和分离效果好,可用于测定蔬菜中有机磷农药的残留量。     

基质固相分散-气相色谱检测菊花中有机磷农药残留

建立菊花中14种有机磷农药残留量的气相色谱分析方法。样品用乙腈-丙酮(4:1,V/V)提取,经基质固相分散技术净化,以乙腈-甲苯(3:1,V/V)洗脱,气相色谱-火焰光度检测,外标法定量。在0.05～1.0mg/kg的添加水平,14种有机磷的平均回收率在84.54%～108.54%之间,相对标准偏差在0.66%～6.31%,该方法的检出限为0.01～0.04mg/kg。该方法的灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合农药残留测定的技术要求。采用所建立方法测定了黄山贡菊、杭白菊和胎菊3种代表性菊花中14种有机磷农药残留量,结果表明,黄山贡菊检出乐果1.68mg/kg、毒死蜱0.17mg/kg、硫环磷0.28mg/kg,杭白菊检出毒死蜱0.09mg/kg,胎菊检出乐果0.25mg/kg、毒死蜱0.14mg/kg、伏杀磷0.08mg/kg。     

气相色谱法同时测定小麦胚片中26种有机磷农药残留

建立了气相色谱同时测定小麦胚片中敌敌畏、灭线磷、硫线磷等26种有机磷农药残留量的方法,并通过考察基质效应比较了两种不同前处理方式对测定结果的影响。通过选用DB-17型毛细管色谱柱和程序升温实现目标物的分离,采用火焰光度检测器进行定量测定。结果表明,26种有机磷农药在0.010~1.0 μg/mL的浓度范围内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.999,方法定量限在0.005~0.010 mg/kg之间。对样品进行三个水平的加标回收试验,结果表明,加标回收率在80.61%~116.19%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差在0.62%~6.83%之间,该方法可应用于小麦胚片中26种有机磷农药的定性筛查和定量测定,在实际样品测定中筛查出马拉硫磷、甲基毒死蜱和杀螟硫磷,含量分别为0.074±0.005、0.062±0.004、0.043±0.002 mg/kg。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the