Prospective steam turbines for combined-cycle plants

The design features and basic thermal scheme of the steam turbines developed on the basis of series-produced steam turbines of ZAO Ural Turbine Works for combined-cycle plants are presented, and their efficiency during operation as part of these plants is considered.     

New draft projects of steam turbines for combined-cycle plants

We describe the design features, basic thermal circuits, and efficiency of steam turbines developed on the basis of serially produced steam turbines at the Ural Turbine Works and intended for use as part of combined-cycle plants.     

Diagrams of regimes of cogeneration steam turbines for combined-cycle power plants

General considerations regarding the form of the steam-consumption diagram for a three-loop cogeneration-type combined-cycle plant are formulated on the basis of well-known approaches. According to these considerations the diagram should consist of the main chart and numerous corrections that must be taken into account in using the diagram. The steam-consumption diagram of the T-113/145-12.4 steam turbine for the PGU-410 combined-cycle plant at the Krasnodar cogeneration station is presented.     

The influence of the type of steam distribution in steam turbines of combined-cycle plants on the effectiveness of their operation

The paper is concerned with the comparative effectiveness of the use of nozzle and throttle steam distribution in steam turbines of combined-cycle plants equipped with heat recovery boilers. The influence of the type of steam distribution in the steam turbine on the reliability of startup regimes and the load control range of a combined-cycle plant on the effectiveness of the use of steam turbines in the regimes of the frequency and power control in a power system is analyzed.     

Controlling the startup modes of cogeneration steam turbines operating as part of combined-cycle power plants

The results obtained from investigations of combined-cycle power plants produced by the Ural Turbine Works aimed at achieving high maneuverability, reliability and longevity of cogeneration steam turbines taking into consideration the possibilities of modern automated process control systems are presented. The dynamic models for simulating the heating of a steam turbine cylinder??s parts with the use of limited computation capacities are developed.     

Steam turbines of the Ural Turbine Works for combined-cycle plants

Matters concerned with selecting the equipment for combined-cycle plants within the framework of work on implementing the investment program of Russian power engineering are discussed. The proposals of ZAO Ural Turbine Works regarding the supplies of steam turbines for combined-cycle plants used at retrofitted and newly constructed power stations are described.     

Steam turbines produced by the Ural Turbine Works for combined-cycle plants

The most interesting and innovative solutions adopted in the projects of steam turbines for combined-cycle plants with capacities from 115 to 900 MW are pointed out. The development of some ideas and components from the first projects to subsequent ones is shown.     

Design calculation of three-loop combined-cycle plants with steam reheating

We describe a procedure for carrying out an end-to-end calculation of the parameters of media and technical and economic indicators of three-loop heat-recovery-type combined-cycle plants with steam reheating that makes it possible to determine the parameters of gases and working fluid of a heat-recovery boiler and the thermal power of its heating surfaces, and to carry out an approximate calculation of the steam turbine for compartments and then for stages at the stage of design calculations using the parameters of gases exhausted from the gas turbine unit as initial data. The procedure is implemented in the form of a computer program in the DELPHI environment and makes it possible to quickly and reliably optimize a combined-cycle plant’s thermal circuit and steam turbine design.     

Steam turbines of the Ural Turbine Works for advanced projects of combined-cycle plants

We describe the design features, basic thermal circuits, and efficiency of steam turbines developed on the basis of serially produced steam turbines of Ural Turbine Works and used as part of combined-cycle plants.     

Specific features of the schematic solutions adopted in the steam turbine units produced by the Ural Turbine Works and used as part of combined-cycle plants

Specific features of the schematic solutions adopted in the steam turbine units designed and produced by the Ural Turbine Works for use as part of combined-cycle plants are considered.     

E型和F型燃机联合循环电厂的性能及经济性比较

对E型燃机和F型燃机的性能进行了比较，同时对基于这两种燃机的联合循环电厂的性能和经济性进行了分析，指出无论是燃机本身的性能，还是燃机联合循环的性能，F型燃机都优于E型燃机；在电厂的建造成本、发电成本及运行和维护方面，F型燃机联合循环电厂也比E型燃机联合循环电厂具有优势。为此，推荐F型燃机作为近年燃机电厂首选机型。     

Specific features relating to development of schematic solutions for supplying heat to cities in regions covered by gas supply networks

We discuss the technical and economic principles of developing prospective schemes for supplying heat to cities under conditions of a region covered by gas supply networks.     

汽轮机变压运行全局寻优试验方法

结合某660 MW机组在不同运行方式下主要变量的变化趋势和相互耦合,通过小步幅连续变化主蒸汽压力,实现机组热耗在同一负荷可行滑压区间内的全局动态寻优.试验结果表明,该试验方法可精确地搜索到相应负荷下的最优工况点,且具备良好的试验规律,一定程度上克服了以往寻优试验准确度受仪表精度和边界条件制约的局限;所选用的全局寻优定量计算模型,在全局寻优过程中可直观地反映出机组效率的变化趋势,满足常规寻优试验的热力计算要求.     

排汽压力对汽轮机运行优化试验结果的影响研究

汽轮机组运行优化试验结果通常为汽轮机排汽压力修正到设计值下的最优定、滑压运行曲线,而不考虑实际排汽压力变化的影响,因此该优化试验结果并非机组实际运行的最佳经济值.对此,以某湿冷汽轮机组为例,研究排汽压力变化对汽轮机运行优化试验结果的影响规律.结果表明,不同的汽轮机排汽压力对应的优化结果不同,排汽压力增大,最佳主蒸汽压力增大,定、滑压临界点负荷减小.同时,给出了优化调整的手段,以提高机组运行的经济性.     

Improving the maneuverability of combined-cycle power plants through the use of hydrogen-oxygen steam generators

Prospects for making changes in the composition of power-generating capacities of Russia are considered from the viewpoint of their influence on the quality of controlling the frequency and power in the power system. It is shown that the characteristics of newly commissioned and prospective equipment may add difficulty to control of these parameters with the required quality. A combination of methods is proposed for controlling combined-cycle power units with involvement of hydrogen technologies, the use of which makes it possible to achieve full-valued participation of such power units in selective primary control of the power system frequency.     

The choice of the design features of maneuverable combined-cycle units for new Russian power plants

The design features are treated of combined-cycle units (CCUs) utilizing V94.3A Siemens, GTE-110 Saturn, and GTE-160 LMZ gas turbines for the purpose of constructing new power plants in Russia designed to meet the requirement of high maneuverability. The problem is discussed of employing bypass smoke stacks for different CCU options with a view to improving their maneuverability and advance commissioning of a new power.     

试论汽轮机的遮断方式

汽轮机的遮断方式是涉及到整个机组安全的重要功能,而危急遮断器是实现汽轮机遮断的重要部件。但随着科技的发展,部件可靠性的增强,新建和改造的系统是否设置低压遮断电磁阀、保留低压遮断器成为问题的焦点。鉴于此,通过对汽轮机遮断方式的论述,分析了传统汽轮机挂闸的概念,对危急遮断器是否保留进行了探讨,并指出了国外发展趋势。     

Specific features relating to implementation of investment projects in the Russian power industry

The state of generating capacities installed at Russian power stations is analyzed. It is shown that a total of 49.5 GW of capacities that are now in operation must be decommissioned by the year 2020 according to a forecast calculation. A plan of stage-by-stage commissioning of new generating capacities is outlined. Results of the first experience gained from new construction of power facilities are presented, and problems relating to involvement of Russian and foreign investors are pointed out.     

Studying the effect the parameters of steam power cycle have on the economic efficiency and reliability of three-loop combined-cycle plants with steam reheating

We consider the effect the temperatures and pressures in the high- and intermediate-pressure loops have on the economic characteristics of the heat-recovery boiler, steam turbine cylinders, and steam turbine unit of the combined-cycle plant and on the final content of moisture in the steam turbine.