精纺毛织物平滑整理技术探讨

羊毛织物经多次处理后手感变得粗糙,为了改善织物手感需要进行平滑整理.为了使羊毛织物获得较好的平滑手感,采用羟基硅油平滑剂对羊毛织物进行平滑整理并对整理工艺进行了探讨.通过单因素实验分析了羊毛织物平滑整理的主要影响因素,最终通过对主要因素的正交实验确定出最佳平滑整理工艺.研究表明,对羊毛织物进行平滑整理,不仅提高了羊毛织物平滑的手感,而且其硬挺度、悬垂性、折皱回复性都得到了改善.     

壳聚糖溶液对羊毛织物染整性能的影响

利用壳聚糖作为羊毛织物酸性染料的染色助剂,探讨了不同的工艺条件、壳聚糖浓度、处理温度、添加剂、分子量等对织物性能的影响。结果表明,使用壳聚糖溶液可以提高羊毛织物的上染率、色牢度和防缩性;加入适量的添加剂后,可以进一步提高上述性能及织物的手感柔软度。     

羊毛丝光整理工艺的探讨

文章主要阐述了羊毛丝光整理的工艺,以及各种工业酸、还原剂、碱式盐等对羊毛织物手感和颜色的影响.结果表明,用硫酸、盐酸或硫酸氢钠来调节丝光剥鳞处理液的pH值对织物的手感影响很小,而用柠檬酸来调节pH值则对处理织物的颜色影响不大;用还原剂亚硫酸钠还原清洗丝光处理后的羊毛织物,其手感最佳,颜色变化甚微;三聚磷酸钠的去污分散能力较好,处理后的羊毛织物手感较好,颜色变化也小.在实际生产加工过程中,需要综合考虑织物性能,选择合适的加工工艺.     

羊毛织物的平滑整理工艺

为使羊毛织物获得较好的平滑手感,采用羟基硅油平滑剂对羊毛织物进行平滑整理并对整理工艺进行了探讨.通过单因素实验分析了羊毛织物平滑整理的主要影响因素,最终通过对主要因素的正交试验确定出最佳平滑整理工艺.研究表明,对羊毛织物进行平滑整理,不仅提高了羊毛织物平滑的手感,而且其硬挺度、悬垂性、折皱回复性都得到了改善.     

羊毛/大豆纤维混纺针织绒染整工艺研究

采用含氯助剂对大豆纤维和羊毛纤维混纺针织绒进行预处理,并用酶对大豆纤维进行脱色,对大豆纤维与羊毛混纺的绞纱同浴同色染色作了研究,通过对工艺的适当调整,取得了较为一致的同色效果.经柔软处理后的产品具有优良的真丝般的光泽,羊绒般的柔软的手感,防缩抗毡化性能,产品符合国际羊毛局可机洗产品标准TWCY1的质量要求.     

预处理联合生物酶处理对羊毛织物性能的影响

通过预处理联合生物酶处理来改善羊毛纤维表面鳞片层物质结构与羊毛织物的性能。分别采用N2等离子体和过一硫酸盐联合Savinase酶处理羊毛织物表面的方法,研究预处理和生物酶联合处理对羊毛织物性能的影响。经SEM和FTIR-ART分析表明,该方法使羊毛表层的类脂物质去除和胱氨酸二硫键断裂,增加蛋白酶分子与羊毛蛋白的可及度,同时酶水解反应能够持续进行;显著改善羊毛织物的润湿性,增强对化学助剂的吸附和渗透,经柔软处理后织物手感提高1.5￣2级,提高抗起毛起球性并赋予羊毛纤维一定的防缩绒效果。     

生物酶对毛纺针织制品防缩整理的应用

介绍了生物酶在毛纺针织制品防缩整理中的作用机理及其在实际生产中进行处理的参考工艺配方。通过预处理结合生物酶处理来改善羊毛纤维表面鳞片层物质结构与羊毛织物的性能。分析表明,该方法使羊毛表层的类脂物质去除和胱氨酸二硫键断裂,增加蛋白酶分子与羊毛蛋白的可及度,同时酶水解反应能够持续进行,显著改善了羊毛织物的润湿性,增强对化学助剂的吸附和渗透,经柔软处理后织物手感得到改善,同时提高了抗起毛起球性。     

DGSS系列双子表面活性剂在羊毛织物染色中的应用

为了改善常规酸性染料在羊毛织物上的染色性能,将六种自制新型双子表面活性剂DGSS用于羊毛织物常规酸性染料染色体系,比较了六种不同DGSS对羊毛织物染色性能的影响,并与工厂助剂FFA+SET复合助剂进行了对比。结果表明：六种DGSS对染料色光均无影响,在其用量分别为FFA+SET复合助剂一半条件下,对羊毛织物酸性染料染色应用中, DGSS对降低初染率有改善效果。在匀染性上,在雅格赛特红N-PB染羊毛织物上,DGSS系列均有较好的匀染性,其中GSSEEB的匀染效果明显优于FFA+SET复合助剂。在雅格赛特蓝N-PR染羊毛织物上,只有GSSEH、GSSBH和GSSBMP表现出较好的匀染性,但其匀染性还略低于FFA+SET复合助剂。当GSSEEB用量为3.0% o.w.f时,其在雅格赛特红N-PB染羊毛织物上有较小的相对不匀度,表观色深接近FFA+SET复合助剂。当GSSBH用量为3.5% o.w.f时,其在雅格赛特蓝N-PR染羊毛织物上,相对不匀度明显优于FFA+SET复合助剂,表观色深也与FFA+SET复合助剂相当。     

聚乳酸(PLA)纤维在毛织物中的应用

聚乳酸纤维(PLA)具有羊绒般的手感,蚕丝般的柔和光泽,兼有羊毛的保暖性、棉纤维的吸湿性和导湿性等特点.结合毛精纺工艺,通过实验性生产,探讨了羊毛与聚乳酸纤维交织在染色、纺纱、后整理等工艺上的特殊要求.对比测试结果表明,聚乳酸纤维对改善织物的服用性能具有一定的作用.文章还介绍了聚乳酸纤维与毛纤维加工的技术要点,提出了聚乳酸纤维开发纺织新产品的思路及其在毛织物领域的应用.     

新型多组分纤维纺织品染整(八)

3.4.4羊毛/Lyocell混纺织物的染整工艺 羊毛/LyoceⅡ混纺织物是新型纺织面料.其手感和光泽良好,穿着舒适,拉伸强度和湿态稳定性高,可制作秋冬装、运动装、休闲装和精梳内衣等,此外,羊毛/Lyocell薄型混纺交织物还适合制作夏装.     

后整理工艺对精纺粗花呢起毛起球的影响

影响织物起毛起球的因素很多，主要有纤维特性、纱线结构、织物参数、后整理工艺及穿着条件等。在众多的影响因素中，后整理工艺对织物抗起毛起球性的影响十分显著。文章对后整理工艺中的抗起毛起球剂浓度、柔软剂浓度、焙烘温度、焙烘时间4个因子进行了理论分析，提出了精纺粗花呢抗起毛起球的最佳整理工艺条件。选择最佳整理工艺条件，不但可以提高织物的抗起毛起球性能，同时也能改善织物的其它性能，这在实际工作中有着积极的意义。     

Effect of Fruit Firmness and Processing Parameters on the Particle Size Distribution in Applesauce, of Two Cultivars

The effects of fruit firmness, finisher speed, and finisher screen size on the weighted average particle size in processed applesauce was investigated for two cultivars. Cultivar differences were significant with largest differences exhibited at very hard firmness levels. A decrease in particle size was observed with decreasing finisher screen size for all applesauce samples analyzed. A significant interaction was found between fruit firmness and finisher speed. Two theories are proposed to explain this interaction: Theory I is based on a residence time model and Theory II is based on a disintegration force model.     

成功进行PA/EL带状织物连续整理的建议

时尚内衣(包括文胸)主要由聚酰胺/弹性纤维混纺织物制成。含有较高弹性纤维成分的超细纤维物品,由于具有出色的高功能性和多用途服用性,故在纺织品市场上越来越受到重视。这种混纺织物集优良的穿着舒适性及时尚设计于一体,但对于纺织品整理者而言,却是一个挑战。特别是对于女式贴身内衣,必须确保基布的色深、牢度性质和抗黄变水平与相应带状织物一致。介绍了成功进行带状织物连续整理的途径。     

USG辅助下的棉条质量监控与改进

探讨USG辅助下的棉条质量监控与改进。针对纺纱企业依靠数量相对较少的末道并条机集中加工纤维的特点,提出末道并条是改进棉条质量变异和进行质量控制的关键部位。通过引入Uster Sliver Guard,论述了该系统在末并工序进行自调匀整和棉条质量监控的重要性,并试验性地证明了使用该系统可以显著减少棉条长片段不匀及粗节,实现更可靠的纺纱质量控制。     

A Screening Technique for Fabric Handle

An objective screening technique for fabric handle is presented. This method is based on the use of a simple device fitted to a tensile testing machine, and measures the force generated while passing a fabric specimen through a ring. The method proved capable of detecting differences in fabric handle between comparable fabrics, as illustrated by studies on shirting fabrics, and on fabrics with functional finishes. The results were validated by comparison with measurements of fabric mechanical properties obtained from the KESF (Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics). The handle force measurement gives a summed single value result for fabric handle.     

EFFECT of PULPER-FINISHER OPERATION ON QUALITY of TOMATO JUICE and TOMATO PUREE

Preliminary tests were done on the performance of an existing pulper finisher design with two unadjustable blades. Quality parameters such as consistency index and yield were determined at screen sizes of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mm and speeds: 100, 300, 500 and 700 rpm. Design modifications were made on the pulper finisher by addition of another blade and slide tapering of blades to allow smooth flow of material on one direction. Quality parameters such as consistency index, pulp/serum ratio, particle size distribution, total solids and total yield were evaluated. A maximum quality index in terms of total solids, pulp/serum, consistency, particle size distribution was achieved at screen size 1.0 mm and a speed of 700 rpm. Maximum yield of tomato juice however, was obtained with screen size of 1.5 mm and a speed of 700 rpm. Results of the comparative tests done on existing and modified pulper finisher showed that quality and quantity of tomato juice and puree from the modified unit is better and higher. A 3% increase in yield was observed from the modified unit.     

Rheology of Apple Sauce: Effect of Apple Cultivar, Firmness, and Processing Parameters

Shear rate-shear stress data of 54 samples of apple sauce and their serums were determined, and power law parameters were derived for the data. The samples were from two apple cultivars (Rome Beauty and Rhode Island Greening) that were stored to three firmness values and processed utilizing three finisher screen sizes and speeds. Serum samples were mildly non-Newtonian, while the sauce samples were highly non-Newtonian fluids. Analysis of variance showed that apple cultivar, apple firmness and finisher screen opening accounted for a large variation in sauce consistency, while regression analysis showed that pulp content was important for the magnitude of the sauce consistency.     

棉织物多元羧酸抗皱整理免水洗工艺

采用丁烷四羧酸（BTCA）为整理剂,次亚磷酸钠（SHP）与不含磷催化剂HD-SP为复合催化剂对棉织物进行整理,研究了该体系对布面pH值及抗皱性能的影响,并用傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、离子相对浓度计算,研究了复合催化剂的作用机制。实验表明,复合催化剂整理后的织物达到GB 18401-2010对布面pH值在4.0以上的要求,可省去焙烘后的水洗工序;与SHP 16 g/L相比,以SHP 10 g/L、HD-SP 20 g/L复合时,整理织物的抗皱性能相当,但SHP的用量减少37.5%。根据FTIR结果,复合催化剂与纯SHP相比,BTCA与纤维素纤维酯化交联程度相当;根据离子相对浓度计算,更多羧基被复合催化剂转化成了羧酸盐,布面pH值得以提高。     

The dimensional and mechanical properties of wool/polyester fabrics made from vortex and ring-spun yarns

Fabric woven from wool/polyester (PES) Murata vortex spun (MVS) blend yarn is a commercially viable proposition particularly on the basis of advantageous wear-resistant properties, compared with fabric made from traditional worsted ring-spun yarn. However, in some early industrial trials with fabric made from 45/55-blend wool/PES MVS yarn, significantly greater relaxation shrinkage was found relative to comparable worsted ring-spun fabric. It was noted at the time that the amount of relaxation shrinkage in MVS fabric could be reduced to a large extent by using steamed MVS yarn.

In this study, the extent of variations in the dimensional and mechanical properties of fabric samples woven from a combination of steamed and unsteamed MVS yarn and equivalent worsted ring-spun yarn is examined. In general, greater hygral expansion and relaxation shrinkage were found in loom-state fabrics made from unsteamed MVS yarns, whereas the fabric made from steamed MVS and ring-spun yarns gave relatively low levels of relaxation shrinkage and hygral expansion. Permanent setting of fabrics, by pressure steaming, was found to be more effective than yarn pre-steaming in reducing relaxation shrinkage levels of fabrics made from unsteamed MVS yarn. After pressure steaming, all fabrics showed similar levels of relaxation shrinkage and hygral expansion.

Permanent setting of the fabrics, by pressure steaming, resulted in similar levels of relaxation shrinkage and hygral expansion, irrespective of the yarn production method; relaxation shrinkage fell to around 1% and hygral expansion increased by about 1%, relative to the loom-state samples. MVS fabrics were relatively heavier and fuller and had a firmer handle than the worsted ring-spun fabrics, reflecting the greater fabric weight, thickness and shear rigidity measured on these fabrics. These attributes are associated with different structures of the worsted ring-spun and MVS yarns used to make the fabrics.     

Poly(Acrylic Acid) Starch Composite as a Substitute for Sodium Alginate in Printing Cotton Fabrics with Reactive Dyes

Poly(acrylic acid)-starch composites were prepared by polymerizing acrylic acid with maize starch using KMnO₄/citric acid as redox initiator system. These composites were used as pastes for printing cotton fabrics with reactive dyes. Results indicate that these composites are of great potential value as thickeners for printing according to the flat screen technique using steam as well as thermal means for dye fixation on the cotton fabric. The colour strength as well as overall fastness properties are comparable, if not superior, to those fabric samples printed using sodium alginate as a thickener.