无机阳离子对酪氨酸酶活性的上调作用

考查了无机阳离子Cu2 + 、Zn2 + 、Mg2 + 、Ca2 + 对酪氨酸酶活性的影响。结果显示上述无机阳离子对酪氨酸酶的影响不仅与离子的种类有关 ,而且还与其浓度有关 ;在 1 .5× 1 0 -5 mol/L时无机阳离子对酪氨酸酶活性的影响 ,分别是Cu2 + 激活率达 1 6 8%、Zn2 + 激活率达 6 8.1 %、Mg2 + 激活率达 33.7%、Ca2 + 激活率达 40 .6 % ;而当浓度超过一定范围时 ,上述离子对酪氨酸酶有抑制作用。Cu2 + 、Mg2 + 、Zn2 + 对酪氨酸酶具有竟争性激活作用 ,Ca2 + 对酪氨酸酶具有非竟争性激活作用。     

Schiff碱型羧酸开链冠醚在化学分离中的应用

讨论了N、N’ -二 (邻氧乙酸 )苄叉乙二胺对Fe3 + 、AL3 + 、Th4 + 、La3 + 、Eu3+ 、UO2 2 + 等离子的分离沉淀条件 .结果表明 :它是Fe3 + 、AL3 + 、Th4 + 、La3 + 、Eu3 + 、UO2 2 + 良好的沉淀剂 ,且控制 pH值在 4.0～5 .0之间时 ,可以一次性定量将Th4 + -Eu3+ 、Th4 + -La3+ 分离     

天然蛭石对金属离子的吸附性能研究

研究了蛭石对单一离子Pb2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Ag+的吸附特性。其吸附动力学可用拟二级速率方程来描述,计算值与实测值吻合甚好,相关系数达到0.99以上。4种金属离子的吸附速率大小分别为：Ag+＞Pb2+＞Cd2+＞Ni2+。蛭石对4种离子的吸附等温线均符合Langmuir和Freundlich方程,室温下相关系数分别达到0.9以上。且4种金属离子按其吸附容量大小的排列次序为Pb2+＞Cd2+＞Ag+＞Ni2+。进一步研究了混合金属离子在蛭石上的竞争吸附行为。蛭石对4种金属离子的吸附选择性顺序为：Pb2+＞Cd2+＞Ni2+＞Ag+,表明蛭石对Pb2+具有较强的吸附选择性。     

交联壳聚糖对金属离子的吸附研究

以甲醛、环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,合成了交联壳聚糖.研究了交联壳聚糖对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cr3+的吸附性能,考察了pH值、用量及金属离子初始浓度对交联壳聚糖吸附性能的影响.结果表明,交联壳聚糖对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cr3+具有较好的吸附效果,交联壳聚糖对金属离子的吸附率可达到90%以上.     

金属离子对发酵性丝孢酵母发酵产油脂的影响

通过摇瓶发酵,考察了不同浓度金属离子(Mg2+、Mn2+、Cu2+、Zn2+)对发酵性丝孢酵母(Trichosporon fermentans)发酵产油脂的影响,研究结果表明:培养基中添加适量的Mg2+、Cu2+、Zn2+有利于细胞积累油脂,但Mn2+对菌体生长及积累油脂不利。     

NMP 加助剂精制润滑油馏分结焦量的考察`

在润滑油NMP 加助剂精制过程中常出现结焦的现象。确定了测量结焦量的方法, 并分别对NMP +油、NMP +油+助剂、NMP+油+助剂+水3 种体系在0.101 、0 .003 6 及0.000 53 MPa 压力下的结焦量进行了考察。氧气对体系的结焦影响起决定性作用, 助剂对结焦有促进作用。氧气对不同体系结焦量影响的顺序从大到小是:剂+NMP+油、剂+NMP+油+水、NMP +油;水对体系的结焦有抑制作用。解决和防止NMP 精制结焦的关键是非临氧操作, 但实际操作中很难完全做到, 建议在临氧情况下通过筛选出适宜的助剂的方法, 以大幅度降低体系的结焦量。     

壳聚糖对微量金属离子吸附作用研究

研究了壳聚糖对溶液中Mn2+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Zn2+四种常见微量金属离子的吸附作用,通过吸附率、溶液pH等参数,表征了壳聚糖的吸附能力及其对离子的选择性吸附,其选择性次序为:Cu+2＞Zn2+＞Fe+2＞Mn+2,为壳聚糖处理污水中的微量金属离子作了有意义的探索.     

化学增强铝硅酸盐玻璃扩散性能研究

了解碱金属离子在玻璃表面的扩散对生产高强度铝硅酸盐系统离子交换玻璃具有重要意义。通过外加Al,讨论不同Al/Na对碱离子扩散影响。采用EPMA测得玻璃断面K+、Na+分布曲线,根据Boltzmann-Matano计算方法得到K+、Na+的扩散系数,根据Arrhenius公式计算得到K+、Na+的扩散活化能。实验证明,随着Al/Na的增加,K+、Na+扩散深度逐渐增加,互扩散系数逐渐增加,K+、Na+平均活化能逐渐增加。讨论玻璃体内Al/Na比例是研究高强度离子交换玻璃的一个重要方向。     

Cu~(2+)和Ni~(2+)单一和联合作用对小麦发芽和幼苗生长的影响

研究了Cu2+、Ni2+单一和联合作用对小麦(Triticum aestivum L)出芽率、根长、芽长和芽中过氧化酶(POD)活性的影响。结果表明,根长是Cu2+和Ni2+对小麦毒害的较好的监测指标,Cu2+和Ni2+对小麦根长的3d-IC50分别为3.38 mg.L-1和14.61 mg.L-1;Cu2+对小麦根长的抑制大于Ni2+,对小麦芽长抑制、出芽率的降低和芽中POD活性上升的影响小于Ni2+;Cu2+和Ni2+联合对小麦的根伸长表现拮抗,对芽伸长表现协同;1 mg.L-1Ni2+加入1~15 mg.L-1Cu2+对芽中POD活性表现出协同作用,8 mg.L-1和15 mg.L-1Ni2+加入1~15 mg.L-1Cu2+时表现出拮抗的作用。     

Cr3+、Pb2+单一及复合胁迫对小麦种子萌发及幼苗脯氨酸含量的影响

研究在污染条件下小麦对重金属胁迫的反应,为农业生产中早期诊断重金属污染提供一些依据。用Cr3+、Pb2+及Cr3+、Pb2+混合溶液的各种浓度溶液处理小麦,研究Cr3+、Pb2+及Cr3+、Pb2+混合溶液对小麦萌发和脯氨酸含量的影响。结果表明:在Pb2+的培养环境中,各个浓度下的发芽率相差不多;在Cr3+的培养环境中,小麦的发芽率随着浓度的增加呈下降趋势,浓度越大对小麦发芽率的抑制作用越明显;在Cr3+、Pb2+混合的培养环境中,各个浓度下的发芽率随浓度的增加而呈降低的趋势,并且各个浓度下发芽率基本都相对低于相同浓度下的单一Cr3+、Pb2+的发芽率。在低浓度的重金属离子中,游离脯氨酸的含量与重金属离子浓度呈正相关。     

Synthesis of modified D401 chelating resin and its adsorption properties for Pb^2＋

A novel chelating resin with sulfonic group was synthesized by chemical modification of D401 resin with sulphonation reaction and characterized by FT-IR spectrometry. The adsorption properties of the novel chelating resin for Pb²⁺ were studied by batch adsorption, and the adsorption process was analyzed from thermodynamics and kinetics aspects. The adsorption mechanism of Pb²⁺ on the modified D401 chelating resin was discussed by FT-IR spectrometry. Experimental results show that in the Pb²⁺ concentration range of 200–400 mg/L, the adsorption capacities of the modified D401 chelating resin for Pb²⁺ increase by 77%–129%, and Langmuir isothermal adsorption model is more suitable for the equilibrium adsorption data. Adsorption is an endothermic process that runs spontaneously. Kinetic analysis shows that the adsorption rate is mainly governed by liquid film diffusion. The best pH value under adsorption condition is 4–5. The saturated resin can be regenerated by 3 mol/L nitric acid, and the adsorption capacity remains stable after five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. The maximal static saturated adsorption capacity of the resin is 206 mg/g at 333 K in the Pb²⁺ concentration range of 200–400 mg/L. The modified D401 chelating resin is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Pb²⁺ from its single-metal ion solution. Foundation item: Project(708049) supported by the Important Item Cultivation Foundation of Scientific Innovation Project of Colleges and Universities of China     

处理氮肥厂氨氮废水的树脂筛选及动力学特征

采用上海汇脂树脂厂的3种强酸性阳离子交换树脂001×7,D61和D001,研究了树脂对模拟氮肥厂废水(氨氮、Ca2+,Mg2+的质量浓度分别为915,120,70mg/L)中氨氮的Freundlich和Lagergren吸附等温式,在30～50min内树脂对氨氮的吸附基本达到平衡,等温线均符合Freundlich模式,根据吸附等温模型,树脂结构特征和再生等评价方法筛选出用D61树脂去除该废水中的高浓度氨氮效果较好;并研究了D61树脂的动力学特征.结果表明:D61树脂对氨氮的吸附在初期快速反应阶段(前20min)既符合拟一级Lagergren反应动力学模型又符合拟二级Lagergren反应动力学模型,而整个过程理论分析采用拟二级Lagergren反应动力学模型较好,实际应用时采用拟一级Lagergren反应动力学模型速率较快,因而更具有实际意义.     

树脂001×7填充PES膜吸附水中重金属离子的研究

以聚醚砜(PES)为膜基质材料,以粉末状强酸性苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂001×7为功能颗粒,采用溶剂相分离法制备了膜吸附剂,并系统研究了膜吸附剂对水中重金属离子的吸附性能,考察了树脂含量、吸附时间对膜吸附剂吸附容量的影响,同时研究了膜吸附剂对水中铜离子的动态吸附及脱附效果.研究结果表明:膜吸附剂的吸附容量随着树脂填充量的增加而增大;当树脂质量分数达到65%时,膜吸附剂对重金属离子Hg2+、Pb2+和Cu2+的吸附容量分别可达255.31 mg/g、255.35 mg/g和80.76 mg/g;动态吸附试验表明,该膜吸附剂对水中铜离子有持续的吸附去除效果,膜吸附剂的脱附率可达94.67%;该膜吸附剂吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,吸附速度较快,吸附容量较高;与传统工艺相比,膜吸附剂对水中重金属离子去除效果明显,有较好的应用价值.     

Adsorption of D113 resin for dysprosium(III)

The adsorption behavior and mechanism of D113 resin for Dy(III) was investigated by using the method of resin adsorption. Experimental results show that the optimum medium pH of adsorption of D113 resin for Dy³⁺ is pH=6.00 in the HAc-NaAc medium. The static adsorption capacity of D113 resin for Dy³⁺ is 292.7 mg·g⁻¹. The optimum eluant is 0.5 mol·L⁻¹ HCl. The adsorption rate constant is k ₂₉₈=6.8×10⁻⁶s⁻¹. The apparent activation energy of D113 resin for Dy(III) is 14.79 kJ·mol⁻¹. The adsorption behavior of D113 resin for Dy(III) obeys the Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption parameters of thermodynamic are ΔH=14.48 kJ·mol⁻¹, ΔS=54.69 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹, ΔG=−1.82 kJ·mol⁻¹.The adsorption mechanism of D113 resin for Dy³⁺ was confirmed by chemical analysis and IR spectra. Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No.201027), Foundation of Zhejiang Provincial Education Bureau (No.20040551) and Zhoushan Science Technology Bureau (No.04114)     

STUDY ON MAGNETIC CHELATING RESIN Ⅰ.PREPARATI0N OF PEI2 AND ITS ADSORPTION PROPERTIES TO METAL IONS

Magnetic polyethyleneimine chelating resin(PEI2) was prepared. Its average diameter was 0. 44mm and it contained magneticparticles over 11% of the microcapsules after it had been treated with 8%hot HCl. The results showed that tbe reaction media had significant effecton Physical forms,magnetic particles content and stability in acid of themicrocapsules.PEI2 bad very high adsorption capacity to Au~(3+),Pb~(2+) andHg~(2+),and little one towards Mg~(2+),Pb~(2+) and Cu~(2+).It was discoveredthat PEI2 could reduce Au~(3+) into elemental gold.     

钯/离子交换树脂催化加氢除氧技术的实验研究

以阳离子交换树脂为载体,采用离子交换法制备钯催化树脂,并将其应用于蒸馏水的除氧实验中．氯化钯(PdCl2)溶液中的Pd^2 通过离子交换吸附到树脂上,经还原处理后,在表面上形成Pd^0的纳米级颗粒,Pd的负载量为3．5％,根据催化剂的XRD测试,计算出其平均粒径为27nm．同时,实验分析了氢气流量、水流量、温度、pH值及系统运行时间对除氧效果的影响,从而确定最佳运行条件．结果表明：在室温下,接触时间不小于2．9min时,该法能够有效地去除水中的溶解氧,除氧效率可达99．9％．     

CH-90交换树脂对废水中Co2+ 丶Mn2+的去除

研究了CH-90阳离子交换树脂对PTA模拟废水及工业废水中Co²⁺ 、Mn²⁺ 的吸附性能,考察了不同 pH、CH-90树脂的质量浓度、接触时间对树脂吸附性能的影响。结果表明,当pH=3.5、CH-90树脂的质量浓度为 2.0g/L时,CH-90树脂对模拟废水中Co²⁺ 、Mn²⁺去除率达到最佳,最大吸附量分别为55.4、50.5mg/g,其吸附过程符合准二级动力学描述。而在工业废水中,由于有机物的大量存在及pH 的影响,最合适的CH-90树脂的质量浓度为24g/L。吸附后的树脂在强酸中脱附,能够重复再生15次以上,降低树脂的使用成本。     

STUDY ON MAGNETIC CHELATING RESIN Ⅱ.PREPARATION OF PSE2 AND ITS ADSORPTION PROPERTIES TO METAL IONS

Magnetic polythioether chelating resin (PSE2) was pre-pared. Its average diameter was 0. 25mm and it contained magnetic parti-cles over 22% of the microcapsules afer it had been treated with 2N hotHCl, and it would be destroyed in 5N hot HCl. The results showed thatreaction medium had remarkable effect on physical farms of the microcap-sules. PSE2 had very high adsorption capacity to Au~(3+) and Hg~(3+), andlittle one towards Mg~(3+), Pb~(2+). It was discovered that PSE2 could reduceAu~(3+) into elemental gold and Pt~(4+) to Pb~(2+).     

兼容性Cu2+溶液改性EP基材催化铜导电线路沉积

印制电路板(PCB)基材预设位置活化是选择性化学镀铜法制作导电线路的关键工艺。以乙酸铜为催化剂前驱体、硫脲为络合剂、双酚A二缩水甘油醚为环氧树脂(EP)预聚物、试剂593为固化剂和丙二醇甲醚为溶剂,设计出一种基于EP兼容的Cu2+溶液,借助喷墨打印机把兼容性Cu2+溶液印刷在EP基材表面,采用选择性化学镀铜法加成制备了铜导电线路。基于量子化学密度泛函理论,模拟兼容性Cu2+溶液中硫脲分子与Cu2+之间的络合反应,利用红外光谱和拉曼光谱对兼容性Cu2+溶液中特殊官能团进行表征。结果表明:铜线路中晶粒结晶度良好且堆积致密,其电阻率低至2.62×10?6 Ω·cm;在改性层的帮助下,铜线路与EP基材之间的结合力达到5B级别。因此,EP基材兼容性改性催化铜导电线路沉积具有工艺简单、经济环保的优点,这对其他常用树脂基材兼容性改性加成制备PCB具有一定的参考价值。     

Adsorption of Pb^2＋ on macroporous weak acid adsorbent resin from aqueous solutions： Batch and column studies

The adsorption properties of a novel macroporous weak acid resin (D152) for Pb²⁺ were investigated with chemical methods. The optimal adsorption condition of D152 resin for Pb²⁺ is at pH 6.00 in HAc-NaAc medium. The statically saturated adsorption capacity is 527 mg/g at 298 K. Pb²⁺ adsorbed on D152 resin can be eluted with 0.05 mol/L HCl quantitatively. The adsorption rate constants determined under various temperatures are k _{288 K}=2.22×10⁻⁵ s^t-1, k _{298 K}=2.51×10⁻⁵ s⁻¹, and k _{308 K}= 2.95×10⁻⁵ s⁻¹, respectively. The apparent activation energy, E _a is 10.5 kJ/mol, and the adsorption parameters of thermodynamics are ΔH ^Θ=13.3 kJ/mol, ΔS ^Θ=119 J/(mol·K), and ΔG ^Θ 298 K =−22.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The adsorption behavior of D152 resin for Pb²⁺ follows Langmuir model. Foundation item: Project(2008F70059) supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Planning of Zhejiang Province, China