稀土氧化物改性YSZ热障涂层材料热学性能研究

以Gd₂O₃、Yb₂O₃、Y₂O₃和ZrO₂为原料,通过固相合成法制备5Gd₂O₃-6Yb₂O₃-10YSZ热障涂层粉末,又称GYbYSZ。以X射线衍射仪(XRD)和场发射扫描电镜对材料相结构和显微组织进行表征。用激光热导率测试仪和热膨胀仪测试样品热导率和热膨胀系数。结果表明,1600℃制备材料物相为高温相c相;稀土氧化物改性后YSZ块体材料在1000℃下热导率达到1.51 W/(m·K);1200℃热膨胀系数为11.25×10^-6/K;在室温至1500℃范围内,不发生相变,高温稳定性优异。     

热障涂层研究进展

热障涂层由于具有优良的隔热、耐高温、抗氧化腐蚀以及抗磨损等性能,已应用于燃气轮机、航空发动机的高温镍基金属叶片的隔热保护。对热障涂层最新研究进展及发展趋势进行了论述,着重探讨了有关热障涂层的几种主要制备工艺,包括等离子喷涂、电子束物理气相沉积、高速火焰喷涂以及高频脉冲爆炸喷涂,对比分析了各自特点;并从制备工艺、相变、结构、抗氧化性能等方面对热障涂层的失效机制进行了分析。     

稀土锆酸盐热障涂层材料的研究进展

稀土锆酸盐热障涂层材料具有耐高温、抗烧结、低导热、高温相结构稳定和抗腐蚀性能好等优点,被认为是最具有潜力的新型高温热障涂层材料体系之一.概述了目前关于这种热障涂层材料体系的晶体结构、物理性能、力学性能、抗热震性以及热腐蚀性等的研究进展,并进一步展望了稀土锆酸盐热障涂层材料的发展方向.     

新型热障涂层材料研究进展（英文）

热障涂层是高温下具有良好隔热性能的陶瓷涂层,在燃气轮机、内燃机、火箭发动机和其他高温热防护方面有重要应用。稀土或碱土金属氧化物稳定的氧化锆热障涂层材料已应用近60 a,其中最常用的是氧化钇稳定的氧化锆(YSZ)。近20 a,国内外发现了许多新材料,如稀土锆酸盐、铝酸盐和钽酸盐等。与YSZ相比,新材料在高温稳定性、热导率、抗烧结或热膨胀性能方面有优势,但断裂韧性低、成分复杂、单一陶瓷层的热循环寿命短。为了提高新型热障涂层的寿命,要严格控制涂层的制备过程、保持化学计量比,采用双陶瓷层结构的涂层。     

第一性原理在热障涂层研究中的应用

热障涂层（thermal barrier coating, TBC）是降低航空发动机、燃气轮机热端部件表面温度的关键技术。随着发动机服役温度升高,TBC 工作环境更加恶劣,传统的 Y2O3部分稳定ZrO2（yttria partially stabilized zirconia, YSZ）TBC 面临着相变、高温烧结、环境沉积物（CMAS）腐蚀等严重问题,服役寿命大幅下降,严重威胁发动机安全运行,急需开发新型 TBC 材料。随着计算材料学和机器学习技术的发展,传统上依靠实验来寻找新型 TBC 材料的方法逐渐被理论计算所取代。第一性原理作为一种有效分析方法,能够大幅度降低新材料的研发周期与成本,对新型 TBC 材料的开发起到极大推进作用。利用第一性原理计算可以预测 TBC 材料的热物理性能、力学性能以及 TBC 在复杂服役环境下的稳定性。本文总结了第一性原理在新型 TBC 材料开发、涂层 CMAS 腐蚀行为和机理研究方面的应用进展,并对第一性原理在 TBC 研究领域的发展前景进行展望。     

热障涂层高温失效的研究进展

热障涂层的高温失效问题是热障涂层材料研究的重要命题,本文对国内外学者在热障涂层高温失效试验、失效机制、失效的动态监测和寿命预测方面的研究进展进行了综述。热障涂层的失效主要源自涂层中存在的热生长氧化物(TGO)的失效,文中总结出了国内外学者对TGO研究的几个重点方面,以期为热障涂层的高温失效问题提供研究思路。     

高温防腐涂料与热障防腐涂层技术的研究进展

综述了国内外耐高温防腐有机、无机和有机-无机复合涂料和热障防腐涂层技术的研究与应用的新进展,介绍了有机硅树脂、有机氟树脂、无机硅酸盐基涂料、无机磷酸盐基涂料、陶瓷涂层和搪瓷涂层的发展现状和前景.     

等离子体喷涂厚热障涂层的研究进展

厚热障涂层(TTBCs)具有良好的隔热性能,能够有效提高航机涡轮/燃机透平前的燃气入口温度.等离子体喷涂工艺是制备TTBCs的典型方法.综述了等离子体喷涂TTBCs的国内外研究现状,指出了TTBCs所面临的挑战.着重从单片层、涂层结构及性能等方面展开探讨,同时对其发展趋势进行了展望.     

陶瓷热障涂层在化工过程装备中的应用

针对化工生产中的易氧化、高温腐蚀和易磨损等因素,提出适用于化工过程装备的材料体系设计方案。在方案中将材料设计思路创造性地应用到陶瓷热障涂层,提出了对其进行结构设计的总体思路,并对主要设计参数的设计方法进行了初步研究。     

Thermo-mechanical properties and CMAS resistance of (Ho0.4Yb0.3Lu0.3)2SiO5 solid solution for environmental barrier coating applications

Rare earth monosilicate (RE₂SiO₅) is one of the most promising candidates as an environmental barrier coating (EBC) for SiC_f/SiC ceramic matrix composites. But single-component RE₂SiO₅ is hard to meet the multiple and harsh performance requirements of EBC which brings a significant challenge to their applications. Based on our previous research on single-component RE₂SiO₅ ceramics, (Ho_0.4Yb_0.3Lu_0.3)₂SiO₅ solid solution was designed and successfully fabricated in this work. Doping of multiple RE elements endows (Ho_0.4Yb_0.3Lu_0.3)₂SiO₅ with excellent thermal insulation properties and matched thermal expansion coefficient with SiC_f/SiC substrates. In addition, it exhibits lower elastic modulus and comparable hardness than that of single-component RE₂SiO₅. (Ho_0.4Yb_0.3Lu_0.3)₂SiO₅ also presents good resistance to calcium-magnesium alumino-silicates (CMAS) corrosion. Rational composition design allows (Ho_0.4Yb_0.3Lu_0.3)₂SiO₅ to retain the merits of single-component RE₂SiO₅ while taking advantage of the solid solution effect. The results of this work suggest (Ho_0.4Yb_0.3Lu_0.3)₂SiO₅ as a promising EBC candidate.     

Corrosion resistance of nonstoichiometric gadolinium zirconate coatings against CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 silicate

Gadolinium zirconate is a promising next-generation thermal barrier coating material and its CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ (CMAS) resistance needs to be further increased. In this study, three gadolinium zirconate coatings with different Gd/Zr ratios are successfully prepared via atmospheric plasma spray using amorphous feedstock. Their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are investigated. The Young’s moduli and hardness of as-sprayed coatings are comparable with the gadolinium zirconate coatings reported in previous literature. Furthermore, the higher Gd content promotes the formation of the Gd-apatite and the depletion rate of CMAS corrosion. As a result, the infiltration depth of Gd_2.3Zr_1.7O_6.85 coating after 24 h annealing decreases up to 35 % compared with those of Gd_2.0Zr_2.0O_7.0 and Gd_1.8Zr_2.2O_7.1, exhibiting an enhanced long-term corrosion resistance. This work develops a viable fabrication method to produce non-stoichiometric gadolinium zirconate coatings with tailorable CMAS corrosion resistance and is expected to promote the future design of thermal barrier coatings with long service life.     

Effect of neck formation on the sintering of air-plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating system

Sintering neck is a featured microstructure that may have significant effect on the sintering behaviour of air-plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating system (APS TBCs). Based on experimental observations, a multi-necking wedge-shaped model for the sintering of APS TBCs was proposed by considering the sintering stress as surface tension and by employing the thermal-elasto-viscoplastic constitutive relation. Deformation pattern, stress distribution, sintering induced shrinkage, stiffening behaviour and temperature field were analysed by using finite element method. It is shown that the formation of sintering neck significantly affects thermal and mechanical properties related to sintering. Mechanisms of thermal and mechanical degradation induced by sintering were further elucidated.     

Thermal conductivity of air plasma sprayed yttrium heavily-doped lanthanum zirconate thermal barrier coatings

The yttrium heavily doped La₂Zr₂O₇ solid solutions coatings, with a Y to La molar ratio of 1:1, have been successfully prepared by air plasma spraying technique. The evolution of phase composition, phase structure and thermal conductivity of such coatings with annealing at 1300?°C has been investigated. The results show that, a single pyrochlore structure can be retained for coating after annealing up to 48?h, beyond which the fluorite phase begins to precipitate out. By comparing thermal conductivities to those undoped counterparts at a similar porosity level, we find a considerably flat thermal conductivity versus temperature (k-T) curve, suggesting the existence of a strong phonon scattering source, which is inferred as rattlers. In addition, after the segmentation of the fluorite phase, the thermal conductivity of corresponding coatings rises considerably, indicating that the fluorite phase has a higher thermal conductivity than that of pyrochlore phase. Moreover, while the as-sprayed coatings show a clear indication of radiative thermal conduction beyond 1000?°C, the thermal conductivity of annealed coatings do not show such an uprising trend after 1000?°C, suggesting that the radiative thermal conduction has been greatly suppressed. The reason is proposed as the formation of local dipoles due to local enrichment of certain elements influences the propagation of electromagnetic waves and thus suppresses the radiative thermal conduction.     

Towards thermal barrier coating application for rare earth silicates RE2SiO5 (RE= La,Nd, Sm,Eu, and Gd)

Rare earth (RE) silicates X1-RE₂SiO₅ (RE = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd) are comprehensively investigated as promising thermal barrier coating candidates. The mechanical, thermal, and corrosion resistance properties are evaluated by theoretical exploration and experimental measurement. Mechanical properties and corrosion resistance to calcium-magnesium alumino-silicates (CMAS) melts of X1-RE₂SiO₅ are linearly correlated with ionic radius of RE elements. Elastic moduli increase with the decrease of ionic radius of RE³⁺. X1-RE₂SiO₅ with larger RE³⁺ exhibits better resistance to molten melts corrosion. For thermal properties, they are not obviously sensitive to RE species. All X1-RE₂SiO₅ demonstrate low thermal conductivities and their magnitudes are significantly modified by concentration of defects. Thermal expansion coefficients of X1-RE₂SiO₅ are more or less close and are compatible with the value of superalloy. The results highlight X1-RE₂SiO₅ as potential thermal barrier coating candidates with overall properties.     

New approach to low thermal conductivity of thermal barrier protection with improved mechanical integrity

Layered ceramic systems with designed stacks of dense and porous layers were investigated as alternative for thermal barrier protection system (TBPs). This approach gives the possibility to obtain low thermal conductivity with the impact protection of dense external layers whilst maintaining the relatively high mechanical properties. Different stacking configurations have been proposed utilizing in total a combination of up to 30 dense/porous layers. Porous layers were produced with two different nominal porosities 20 vol% and 40 vol%. For comparison uni-axial pressed samples with the same porosity level have been prepared. Thermal and mechanical characterization was performed on samples of tape cast (with different stacking designs) and uni-axial pressed fully stabilized zirconia TBPs. The layered fully stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) has 15–30 % lower thermal conductivity in comparison with the uni-axial pressed samples, nevertheless by the same Young`s modulus value. The results of the thermal and mechanical observation shows, that such an approach can be beneficial as an alternative for future thermal barrier protection systems.