水杨酸原位表面改性纳米TiO2的制备及性能研究

通过控制四氯化钛(TiCl4)的水解速度,制备出水杨酸(SA)原位表面修饰的TiO2纳米颗粒(TiO2/SA).通过X射线衍射仪(XRD),高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM),红外光谱仪(FT-IR),热分析(TG-DTA)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等实验分析手段对表面改性前后的TiO2纳米颗粒进行了表征,结果表明表面修饰水杨酸的TiO2纳米颗粒在乙醇中有良好的分散性,将TiO2/SA加入到光信息存储薄膜材料(PVA/AM)中,能大大提高材料的衍射效率,降低布拉格偏移.     

新型大孔径TiO2纳米碗状阵列的制备及其机制

用两步阳极氧化法简便快捷地制备出低成本TiO₂纳米碗阵列。固定阳极氧化电压、实验温度和电解液浓度等因素、改变第二次阳极氧化时间并结合扫描电镜等测试手段考察阵列碗状结构的形成过程,从阵列的形成机制研究了TiO₂纳米碗内TiO₂阻挡层的纵向生长、电解液的溶解、纵向腐蚀及横向扩展之间关系的变化。结果表明,当纵向生长与纵向溶解、纵向腐蚀与横向扩展达到平衡时,TiO₂碗内纳米孔消失,孔径与碗口直径相同。当第二次阳极氧化时间为110 s时,合成出133 nm的TiO₂纳米碗状阵列。     

SnO2/TiO2纳米管阵列对304不锈钢的阴极保护效果

目前,就SnO2/TiO2复合薄膜对不锈钢的光生阴极保护效果的研究有待深入。以两步阳极氧化法在钛箔表面制备TiO2纳米管阵列膜,并将其浸渍在不同浓度的SnO2溶液中,得到了SnO2/TiO2复合纳米管阵列材料。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了其表面形貌、晶型,用电化学方法研究了SnO2/TiO2复合纳米管阵列对304不锈钢的光生阴极保护特性及耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:TiO2纳米管排列规整,孔径约80~150 nm;以0.5 mol/L SnO2溶胶制备的SnO2/TiO2半导体供给外电路的电子数最高;在紫外光照1 h时,TiO2和SnO2/TiO2均对304不锈钢有一定的光生阴极保护作用;闭光后SnO2/TiO2光生电极在较长时间内维持较低电位,低于其在3.5%NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电位,延时阴极保护作用可以达到8.5 h。     

TiO2/聚酰胺反渗透复合膜的制备及表征

以钛酸四丁酯为原料,在水/丁醇界面区进行水解,制备了锐钛矿型TiO2。分别将不同量的TiO2分散在水相或油相中,以界面聚合方法制备了TiO2/聚酰胺反渗透复合膜,研究了TiO2含量对所制备复合膜结构和分离性能的影响。SEM图谱结果表明,当TiO2添加到水相中时,其同时存在于聚酰胺复合膜皮层的底层以及聚砜基膜的指状孔道中;当TiO2添加到油相中时,复合膜表面结构致密,峰谷结构明显,可看到在膜皮层的表面有TiO2存在。膜分离性能的研究结果表明,与TiO2添加在水相中相比,TiO2添加在油相中能更好地提高膜分离性能。膜抑菌性能研究表明TiO2/聚酰胺反渗透膜在紫外光照下对大肠杆菌表现出良好的杀灭性能。     

纳米晶TiO2的制备及其表面光电性能研究

采用均匀沉淀法制备了锐钛矿型和金红石型TiO2纳米晶.对其进行了透射电镜(TEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、场诱导表面光电压谱表征(FISPS).通过实验发现,不同晶型纳米TiO2的FISPS截然不同,这说明二者的表面性质有明显的差异.     

具有催化与渗透汽化双功能的纳米TiO2和Al2O3填充复合膜性能

采用聚丙烯腈(PAN)中空纤维超滤膜作为支撑底膜,经戊二醛(GA)表面交联的聚乙烯醇(PVA)作为渗透汽化层,以及纳米TiO2或Al2O3填充的全氟磺酸树脂(PFSA)作为催化层,制备了催化与渗透汽化双功能复合膜,考察了其亲水性能、对乙酸乙酯塔顶粗酯的渗透汽化分离性能、催化酯化反应性能以及机械性能.实验结果表明:催化与渗透汽化双功能复合膜具有良好的亲水性和机械性能,渗透通量可达到179g/(m2.h),相对应的分离系数为95,渗透物中不含乙酸乙酯,同时可显著缩短酯化反应达到相同转化率的时间.     

纳米TiO2 / 再生纤维素复合薄膜的制备及光催化性能

在1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯室温离子液体中, 将纳米TiO₂粉末与纤维素浆粕进行溶液共混, 所得纤维素用水再生后, 经过超临界CO₂干燥处理, 制备了不同TiO₂ 含量的纳米TiO₂ / 再生纤维素复合膜。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 、X 射线衍射(XRD) 、傅立叶变换红外光谱( FTIR) 对所得薄膜的形貌、结构进行表征。利用PCC-2 型光催化活性检测仪测试薄膜在紫外光下光催化降解亚甲基蓝的能力, 评价薄膜的光催化活性。讨论了纳米TiO₂ 含量、超临界CO₂ 干燥和真空干燥对薄膜性能的影响。结果表明: 复合膜的光催化活性达到所用TiO₂粉体的90 %; 经超临界CO₂ 干燥处理所得复合膜的光催化活性明显高于真空干燥所得复合膜的活性; 纳米复合膜的光催化活性随TiO₂ 含量的增加先升高后降低, 含量为5 %时光催化活性最高。      

TiO2/ZnO纳米复合材料的制备及表征

以钛酸正四丁酯及L-Cys为钛源和模板剂仿生合成纳米TiO2前体,采用水热合成法制备TiO2/ZnO纳米复合材料,并利用XRD、SEM、XPS、FT-IR以及比表面积及孔径分析等对TiO2/ZnO纳米复合材料进行表征。结果表明:合成TiO2/ZnO复合材料是由锐钛矿TiO2和纤锌矿ZnO组成,形貌是由许多几十纳米厚薄片组成的花状,直径在2～3μm之间,比表面积为219.54m2/g。     

TiO2纳米管阵列膜的制备及对304不锈钢的光生阴极保护效应

应用电化学阳极氧化法在Ti表面构筑不同的TiO2纳米管阵列膜。采用XRD、SEM、XPS表征薄膜的结构、形貌和组成。通过电化学阻抗谱及电位随时间变化的测试,考察TiO2薄膜的光生阴极保护效应。结果表明薄膜主要由锐钛矿型的TiO2纳米管阵列组成,当304不锈钢耦连于紫外光照下的TiO2薄膜电极时,其界面反应电阻变小,电极电位显著降低,说明TiO2纳米管薄膜能够对不锈钢产生良好光生阴极保护效应,特别是掺Fe的TiO2薄膜在光照时可使不锈钢电位降低约450mV,而且在暗态时也能较长时间保持对不锈钢的阴极保护作用。     

聚苯胺/TiO_2纳米复合膜的制备及表征

利用溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍-提拉法于载玻片表面沉积了TiO2纳米薄膜,然后通过化学氧化法得到了聚苯胺/TiO2纳米复合膜。借助XRD、AFM、UV-Vis、XPS等方法对复合膜进行了表征。结果表明,所得TiO2薄膜由规则立方体外形的纳米TiO2组成,颗粒直径为20nm。包覆后所得聚苯胺/TiO2复合膜由不规则球形颗粒组成,颗粒直径增大为35nm。薄膜的UV-Vis光谱分析表明,聚苯胺/TiO2复合膜的吸收带边约为390nm,对可见光的吸收显著增强。XPS分析结果表明,复合膜中N+/N之比高达0.63,高于块体聚苯胺的0.57和理想的本征态盐中的0.5,表明掺杂程度高。     

Hydrophilicity of anatase TiO2/Cr-doped TiO2 thin films with different band gaps

Based on the concept that the electron-hole separation effect caused by a different band-gap structure would improve its hydrophilicity, anatase-TiO₂/Cr-doped TiO₂ thin films were synthesized by DC magnetron sputtering. The optical band gaps of TiO₂ thin films decreased from 3.23 to 2.95 eV with increasing Cr-doping content. Multilayer TiO₂ thin films with different band gaps exhibited a superhydrophilicity under UV illumination. In particular, in anatase TiO₂ (3.23 eV)/4.8% Cr-doped TiO₂ (2.95 eV), the hydrophilicity, which indicated a contact angle of less than 20°, lasted for 48 h in the dark after UV illumination was discontinued. This outstanding result has rarely been reported for TiO₂ thin films, which confirmed that the prominent superhydrophilicity of anatase TiO₂/Cr-doped TiO₂/glass could be attributed to the retardation of electron-hole recombination caused by the band-gap difference.     

SiO2或TiO2纳米粒子/含氟聚丙烯酸酯复合涂层的制备及其防腐蚀性能

通过在含氟聚丙烯酸酯(PFHI)溶液中添加固体纳米粒子,经涂覆热固化后得到了厚度约为1 μm的SiO₂或TiO₂纳米粒子/PFHI复合涂层,考察了SiO₂或TiO₂两种纳米粒子质量分数对复合涂层表面性质和防腐蚀性能的影响。利用Tafel极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗(EIS)测试研究了复合涂层在3.5wt% NaCl溶液中的电化学防腐蚀性能,并运用XPS、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、TG-DTA、SEM、光学接触角(OCA)手段对复合涂层进行表征。结果表明,添加SiO₂或TiO₂纳米粒子均可大幅提高PFHI涂层的电化学防腐蚀性能,SiO₂与PFHI质量比为0.3的SiO₂/PFHI复合涂层电荷转移阻抗值R_ct与PFHI涂层相比上升了2个数量级。SiO₂或TiO₂纳米粒子增大了涂层表面粗糙度,与PFHI紧密结合形成致密的复合涂层,提高了涂层的疏水性和致密性,从而改善了涂层的抗腐蚀性能。      

Preparation and super-hydrophilic properties of TiO2/SnO2 composite thin films

SnO₂-TiO₂ composite thin films were fabricated on soda-lime glass with sol-gel technology. By measuring the contact angle of the film surface and the degradation of methyl orange, we studied the influence of SnO₂ doping concentration, heat-treatment temperature and film thickness on the super-hydrophilicity and photocatalytic activity of the composite films. The results indicate that the doping of SnO₂ into TiO₂ can improve their hydrophilicity and photocatalytic activity, and the composite film with 1-5 mol% SnO₂ and heat-treated at 450°C is of super-hydrophilicity. The optimal SnO₂ concentration for the photocatalytic activity is 10 mol% and larger film thickness is helpful to reduce the contact angle of the composite films.     

WO3/TiO2复合薄膜的制备及其电致变色性能

使用水热法在掺氟SnO₂涂覆的导电玻璃（FTO）基板上生长TiO₂纳米线,随后在TiO₂纳米线上采用水热法生长WO₃纳米线,制备出WO₃/TiO₂复合薄膜。通过循环伏安法（CV）、计时电流法（CA）、计时电量法（CC）等电化学测试技术研究了WO₃/TiO₂复合薄膜的电致变色性能;采用紫外分光光度计对薄膜的着色﹑漂白状态的响应时间进行测试。通过以上测试,计算得到了薄膜的循环稳定性﹑光调制﹑着色效率和切换时间（Y和X）等参数。结果显示WO₃/TiO₂复合薄膜的电致变色性明显提高,其中WO₃/TiO₂复合薄膜可逆性增加了6%,着色效率提高了40.96 cm2/C。      

Photoactive and self-cleaning TiO2-SiO2 thin films on 316L stainless steel

In this study, TiO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite films with different amounts of SiO₂ were prepared by sol-gel process and were coated onto stainless steel 316L. The effect of addition of various amount of SiO₂ in the precursor solution on the photocatalysis, photo-generated hydrophilicity and self-cleaning property of TiO₂ thin films was investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle measurements and UV spectroscopy. In the tested ranges of SiO₂ content and sintering temperature, the highest photocatalytic activity and self-cleaning property were observed in the 15 mol% SiO₂ sample sintered at 750 °C. Addition of less than 30 mol% SiO₂ had a suppressive effect on the transformation of anatase to rutile and on the crystal growth of anatase in the sintering heat treatment. Phase separation occurred in the composite films for SiO₂ content of 30 mol% or more.     

Investigation on solar photocatalytic activity of TiO2 loaded composite: TiO2/Eggshell, TiO2/Clamshell and TiO2/CaCO3

The TiO₂/Eggshell, TiO₂/Clamshell and TiO₂/CaCO₃ loaded composites were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD and SEM. Their photocatalytic activities were measured through the degradation of Acid Red B under solar light irradiation. The influences of TiO₂ loaded content, heat-treated temperature and time on the photocatalytic activities were reviewed. The effects of irradiation time and dye initial concentration on the photocatalytic degradation were also investigated. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity can be greatly enhanced by appropriate TiO₂ loaded content.     

One step room temperature photodeposition of Cu/TiO2 composite films and its conversion to CuO/TiO2

Cu/TiO₂ composite films were prepared at low temperature on glass substrates by a photodeposition method. Films were deposited by irradiating the substrate while in contact with an aqueous TiO₂ suspension containing copper(II) nitrate and ethanol. Cu/TiO₂ composite films of 500 nm in thickness were deposited at room temperature after a short irradiation time (15 min) with a 125 W mercury vapour lamp. According to scanning electron microscopy observations, the obtained films were homogeneous and porous. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis revealed a 3:1 Cu:Ti atomic ratio. Grazing angle X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the films contained Cu and TiO₂ as major components and Cu₂O as a minor component. Heat treatment at 400 °C in air for a period of 3 h transformed the initial material into a CuO/TiO₂ composite, improved the adhesion to the substrate and favoured a more regular distribution of copper oxide according to backscattering micrographs.     

Dielectric polymer matrix composite films of CNT coated with anatase TiO2

This study presents the fabrication method and the dielectric property of polymer matrix composite films of carbon nanotube (CNT) coated with TiO₂. The TiO₂ was coated with sol-gel method using titanium (IV) butoxide (TNBT), HO₂ and benzyl-alcohol as the surfactant. The configuration of CNT-TiO₂ hybrid was observed with the field emission scanning electron microscope images. The coated TiO₂ was thermally treated and transformed into the anatase structure to enhance the mechanical strength and get the high insulating property. The anatase structure was proved from the diffraction angles of XRD. The CNT-TiO₂ hybrid was mixed with the epoxy resin using 3-roll-mil and casted into the films using film casting method. The structure of CNT-TiO₂ hybrid was ascertained to be maintained against the high shear stress during the mixing and casting processes. The dielectric property of the composite films was measured following IPC-TM-6550. The dielectric property at 1 GHz of the composite film of 5 wt.% CNT is about 10 and the loss tangent at 1 GHz is about 0.06.     

Morphological and magnetic properties of TiO2/Fe50Co50 composite films

Nanocomposites of FeCo and TiO₂ with wide range of metal volume fractions (MVFs) were prepared by co-sputtering. High resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals that the microstructure of the nanocomposites depends on the MVF which determines the particle size and separation. FeCo nanoparticles are amorphous at lower MVF whereas crystallites are present at higher MVF. Likewise, the magnetic characteristics of these films depend on the MVF. At low MVF, composite films exhibit superparamagnetism whereas at high MVF, coalescence of crystalline nanoparticles results in the opening up of hysteresis loop. These composite films show a considerable room temperature tunnel magnetoresistance and being proportional to the square of the normalized magnetization (M/M _s)².     

Natural and persistent superhydrophilicity of SiO2/TiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 bi-layer films

Sol-gel SiO₂/TiO₂ and TiO₂/SiO₂ bi-layer films have been deposited from a polymeric SiO₂ solution and either a polymeric TiO₂ mother solution (MS) or a derived TiO₂ crystalline suspension (CS). The chemical and structural properties of MS and CS bi-layer films heat-treated at 500 °C have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscospy. Water contact angle measurements show that MS SiO₂/TiO₂ and CS TiO₂/SiO₂ bi-layer films exhibit a natural superhydrophilicity, but cannot maintain a zero contact angle for a long time over film aging. In contrast, CS SiO₂/TiO₂ bi-layer films exhibit a natural, persistent, and regenerable superhydrophilicity without the need of UV light. Superhydrophilic properties of bi-layer films are discussed with respect to the nature of the TiO₂ single-layer component and arrangement of the bi-layer structure, i.e. TiO₂ underlayer or overlayer.