Dynamic stability analysis of rotating asymmetric cross-section blade packets

In this paper static and dynamic stability of rotating asymmetric cross-section two-bladed packets subjected to uniform radial periodic force are studied using the finite element method. The effects of various parameters such as shroud dimensions, stagger angle, rotational speed and distance of shear center from the centroid on the stability of the blade packets are presented. The numerical results indicate that the coupling effect is important in frequency modes depending on shear center distance from the centroid. The increase in stagger angle makes the two-bladed packet less stable. However, the increase in rotational speed makes the two-bladed packet more stable.     

Dynamic stability of a rotating asymmetric cross-section blade subjected to an axial periodic force

The finite element method is applied to study the static and dynamic stability of an aerofoil cross-section rotating blade subjected to an axial periodic force. The effects of coupling due to the center of flexure (shear center) distance from the centroid, rotational speed, stagger angle and disk radius on the stability are considered. Critical load parameters are calculated and dynamic instability regions of the blade with different reference values are illustrated graphically. The numerical results indicate that the coupling effect is very important in the third and fourth modes depending on d_Y distance. The increase in stagger angle makes the blade less stable. However, the increase in rotational speed and disk radius make the blade more stable.     

Dynamic stability of a rotating pre-twisted asymmetric cross-section Timoshenko beam subjected to an axial periodic force

A finite element model is presented to study the static and dynamic stability of a pre-twisted Timoshenko beam having asymmetric aerofoil cross-section subjected to an axial periodic force. The change in the effects of coupling due to centre of flexure distance from the centroid and the shear coefficient on the stability due to the pre-twist angle is considered. It is concluded from the results that the pre-twist angle has an influence on the effects of coupling and the shear coefficient.     

The dynamic stability of a rotating pre-twisted asymmetric cross-section Timoshenko beam subjected to lateral parametric excitation

A finite element model is presented to study the dynamic stability of a pre-twisted Timoshenko beam having asymmetric aerofoil cross-section subjected to lateral parametric excitation. Solutions referred to as combination resonance are investigated. The effects of shear deformation and rotary inertia are included in the analysis. The effects of coupling due to centre of flexure distance from the centroid and the shear coefficient on the stability are considered. The change in these effects due to pre-twist angle is investigated. It is concluded from the results that the pre-twist angle has an influence on the effects of coupling and the shear coefficient.     

免耕播种机防堵装置用切刀静强度的有限元分析

利用ANSYS对甘肃农业大学工学院研制的免耕播种机防堵装置用切刀进行了有限元分析,建立了切刀的有限元模型。得到了切刀的应力分布图,沿定义路径绘制出了应力分布曲线图,为切刀的设计提供了理论依据。     

Modeling and vibration feedback control of rotating tapered composite thin-walled blade

This paper addresses the problem of the modeling and vibration control of tapered rotating blade modeled as thin-walled beams and incorporating damping capabilities. The blade model incorporates non-classical features such as anisotropy, transverse shear, secondary warping and includes the centrifugal and Coriolis force fields. For the rotating blade system, a thorough validation and assessment of a number of non-classical features including the taper characteristics is accomplished. The damping capabilities are provided by a system of piezoactuators bonded or embedded into the structure and spread over the entire span of the beam. Based on the converse piezoelectric effect, the piezoactuators produce a localized strain field in response to a voltage and consequently, a change of the dynamic response characteristics is induced. A velocity feedback control law relating the piezoelectrically induced transversal bending moment at the beam tip with the appropriately selected kinematical response quantity is used and the beneficial effects upon the closed-loop dynamic characteristics of the blade are highlighted.     

基于有限元法的风机叶片裂纹分析及处理

叶片断裂和裂纹是旋转机械中普遍存在的一种安全隐患.本文应用大型有限元ANSYS软件,对某一型号的叶片裂纹的进行应力分布及轴向位移计算,通过分析叶片应力-时间函数曲线,得出应力集中加快裂纹扩展结论.同时,分析了导致出现裂纹和叶片断裂的多种因素,并提出了避免类似现象发生的若干建议.     

基于子模型的大型复合材料飞机结构屈曲稳定性数值分析及优化技术研究

随着计算机科学和有限元技术的发展,屈曲稳定性问题有限元数值求解技术已经比较成熟,但是在大型复杂结构工程应用中还是由于计算量大、收敛困难而受到限制,特别是在需要反复迭代计算的优化过程中,更是受到该问题的困扰.针对某大型复合材料机翼结构的考虑稳定性约束条件的优化问题,提取其典型盒段进行分析技术验证,研究计算效率和精度对于单元尺寸的要求.取误差限为1%,位移计算模型单元尺寸要求为150mm,而屈曲临界载荷系数计算模型单元尺寸要求为10mm.采用150mm的单元尺寸建立全结构模型进行位移求解,将位移计算结果应用于采用单元尺寸10mm建立的危险部位子模型进行稳定性求解,完成某复合材料机翼结构打样阶段优化设计,结构总质量较初始设计减轻24%,在满足精度要求的同时,计算效率显著提高.     

LP compressor blade vibration characteristics at starting conditions of a 100 MW heavy-duty gas turbine

In this paper are presented the blade vibration characteristics at the starting conditions of the low pressure multistage axial compressor of heavy-duty 100 MW gas turbine. Vibration data have been collected through strain gauges during aerodynamic tests of the model compressor. The influences of operating modes at the starting conditions are investigated upon the compressor blade vibrations. The exciting mechanisms and features of blade vibrations are investigated at the surge, rotating stall, and buffeting flutter. The influences of operating modes upon blade dynamic stresses are investigated for the first and second stages. It is shown that a high dynamic stress peak of 120 MPa can occur in the first stage blades due to resonances with stall cell excitations or with inlet strut wake excitations at the stalled conditions.     

Traceability of torque transducers under rotating and dynamic operating conditions

Torque transducers in industrial applications are usually used under dynamic and rotating operating conditions. The present article provides a survey of state-of-the-art studies which describe methods for providing traceability of torque measurements under such operating conditions.The method of investigating the effects of rotation is a comparison of measurements of torque in a rotating shaft train gained simultaneously with two different methods. The first method is using a rotating torque transducer, the second one is with a cradle-mounted absorption dynamometer. The method for investigating the effects of dynamic torque is based on experiments with periodic torque but only minimal rotational motion. Torque is generated by a rotary exciter which forces a setup with a torque transducer and some auxiliary components into a periodic rotary motion. The torque measurement provided by the torque transducer is compared to a reference torque. The reference torque is gained by accurately measuring the angular acceleration of the rotation in conjunction with a priori knowledge of the mass moment of inertia.The developments on the periodic dynamic torque have been performed by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), the German National Metrology Institute. The investigations on rotating torque transducers have been performed by Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik (HBM), Germany, a manufacturer of torque transducers with a wide experience in torque calibration.     

New rational interpolation functions for finite element analysis of rotating beams

A rotating beam finite element in which the interpolating shape functions are obtained by satisfying the governing static homogenous differential equation of Euler–Bernoulli rotating beams is developed in this work. The shape functions turn out to be rational functions which also depend on rotation speed and element position along the beam and account for the centrifugal stiffening effect. These rational functions yield the Hermite cubic when rotation speed becomes zero. The new element is applied for static and dynamic analysis of rotating beams. In the static case, a cantilever beam having a tip load is considered, with a radially varying axial force. It is found that this new element gives a very good approximation of the tip deflection to the analytical series solution value, as compared to the classical finite element given by the Hermite cubic shape functions. In the dynamic analysis, the new element is applied for uniform, and tapered rotating beams with cantilever and hinged boundary conditions to determine the natural frequencies, and the results compare very well with the published results given in the literature.     

基于ANSYS的金属软管的动态有限元分析

运用非线性有限元法,采用三维壳单元Shell93和空间梁单元Beam18,利用耦合和约束理论,在ANSYS中建立金属软管的有限元模型,对金属软管进行动态有限元分析(包括模态分析和瞬态分析),得到金属软管的任意阶固有频率,振型以及位移-时间曲线,并将分析结果与试验结果进行比较,证明了有限元建模及其分析结果的正确性,为金属软管的力学性能和设计分析尤其在防止共振方面的研究提供了参考.     

Stability loss analyses of the elastic and viscoelastic composite rotating thick circular plate in the framework of the three-dimensional linearized theory of stability

In the present paper, in the framework of the three-dimensional linearized theory of stability the rotationally symmetric stability loss problems of the elastic and viscoelastic composite rotating thick circular and annular discs are investigated. The method for solution to these problems is developed by employing Laplace transform and finite element method. It is supposed that the disc and annular disc have an insignificant rotationally symmetric initial imperfection and as a stability loss criterion, the case where this imperfection starts to increase and grows indefinitely, is taken. Numerical results related to the critical angular velocity for elastic problems and to the critical time for viscoelastic problems are presented.     

钢包旋转台齿圈的应力测试与强度分析

讨论了某钢厂钢包旋转台设备中的一个关键零件-大齿圈的强度问题.为了计算作用在齿圈上的工作载荷,分析时进行了现场测试,并应用外推法对目标载荷进行了插值计算.最后应用有限元计算理论给出了大齿圈的强度评价.     

基于ANSYS的桥梁检测车回转平台有限元分析及结构优化

回转平台是桥梁检测车中的主要部件之一,具有钢结构和受力情况复杂的特点,对桥梁检测车的整机性能具有重要影响。运用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS,对某型号桥梁检测车的回转平台进行强度和刚度分析,得到回转平台应力和应变分布情况。然后以上述分析结果为基础,从转台结构形式和结构几何参数着手,对回转平台进行结构优化。有限元计算结果表明:经过优化后,回转平台整体应力分布得到改善,最大等效应力降低42.269%,最大变形量减小6.191%,结构自重减轻8.039%,回转平台综合性能得到大幅提升。     

环槽式万向联轴器中间轴的动力学分析

运用有限元方法对环槽式万向联轴器中间轴进行动力学分析,提出余弦规律的力学模型,并与静力分析结果加以比较,在转速较高的情况下,对中间轴的动力学状况进行探索,对该联轴器的设计计算具有重要的意义。     

Vibration analysis of rotating machinery using time-frequency analysis and wavelet techniques

Time-frequency analysis, including the wavelet transform, is one of the new and powerful tools in the important field of structural health monitoring, using vibration analysis. Commonly-used signal analysis techniques, based on spectral approaches such as the fast Fourier transform, are powerful in diagnosing a variety of vibration-related problems in rotating machinery. Although these techniques provide powerful diagnostic tools in stationary conditions, they fail to do so in several practical cases involving non-stationary data, which could result either from fast operational conditions, such as the fast start-up of an electrical motor, or from the presence of a fault causing a discontinuity in the vibration signal being monitored. Although the short-time Fourier transform compensates well for the loss of time information incurred by the fast Fourier transform, it fails to successfully resolve fast-changing signals (such as transient signals) resulting from non-stationary environments. To mitigate this situation, wavelet transform tools are considered in this paper as they are superior to both the fast and short-time Fourier transforms in effectively analyzing non-stationary signals. These wavelet tools are applied here, with a suitable choice of a mother wavelet function, to a vibration monitoring system to accurately detect and localize faults occurring in this system. Two cases producing non-stationary signals are considered: stator-to-blade rubbing, and fast start-up and coast-down of a rotor. Two powerful wavelet techniques, namely the continuous wavelet and wavelet packet transforms, are used for the analysis of the monitored vibration signals. In addition, a novel algorithm is proposed and implemented here, which combines these two techniques and the idea of windowing a signal into a number of shaft revolutions to localize faults.     

基于ANSYS的旋转床转鼓系统结构优化

为减小旋转床工作过程中转鼓的应力和变形,促进转鼓系统结构的改进,运用ANSYS软件建立旋转床转鼓系统有限元模型,进行静力学分析,得出转鼓正常工作状态下的应力分布。针对应力集中的部位和特点,改变局部结构,提出转鼓结构优化的有效措施。研究结果表明:最大变形在衬套与转鼓座接触处;在衬套中部存在应力集中现象;增大衬套壁厚、减小螺栓孔直径可以削弱该部位载荷。     

Dynamic analysis of rotating damped beams with an elastically restrained root

The vibration of a rotating damped blade with an elastically restrained root is investigated. The effects of viscous damping and the translational and rotational damping at the root of blade are considered. The flow-indued force and moment between the tip of a blade and the casing are simulated by using the time-dependent boundary conditions. A simple and efficient algorithm for deriving the semi-analytical steady state solution of the general system is proposed. The governing equation is divided into two coupled real differential equations. The two coupled equations are uncoupled into an eighth-order characteristic differential equation. The eight corresponding boundary conditions are obtained. The eight linearly independent homogenous semi-analytical solutions of the eighth-order characteristic differential equation are derived. If the coefficients of the uncoupled governing differential equation are constant, the exact fundamental solutions are obtained. The exact steady state solution is obtained by using Green's function in terms of the eight homogenous solutions. Moreover, the influence of the translational, rotational and viscous damping constants on the frequency response curves of a rotating beam are investigated. The opposite influence of the transverse viscous damping constant and the root damping constants on the frequency of resonance is revealed.     

Dynamic response of rotating flexible cantilever pipe conveying fluid with tip mass

In this study the vibration system is consisted of a rotating cantilever pipe conveying fluid and a tip mass. The equation of motion is derived by using the Lagrange's equation. Also, the equation of motion is derived applying a modeling method that employs hybrid deformation variables. The influences of the rotating angular velocity and the velocity of fluid flow on the dynamic behavior of a cantilever pipe are studied by the numerical method. The effects of a tip mass on the dynamic behavior of a rotating cantilever pipe are also studied. The influences of a tip mass, the velocity of fluid, the angular velocity of a cantilever pipe and the coupling of these factors on the dynamic behavior of a cantilever pipe are analytically clarified. The natural frequencies of a cantilever pipe conveying fluid are proportional to the angular velocity of the pipe and a tip mass in both axial direction and lateral direction.