煤基炭膜在处理高浓度焦化废水中的应用

以瘦煤,焦煤为原料,炭化制得炭膜.通过改变添加剂焦煤含量,可以得到不同平均孔径的炭膜.并采用气体泡压法、扫描电镜(SEM)等表征炭膜的孔结构.研究结果表明,当瘦煤与焦煤比例为80:20,成型压力为20MPa,炭化终温为900℃,原料粒度为325目,制备炭膜的孔径主要分布在0.1～0.4μm范围,水的渗透通量为147.88 ×10~(-8)m~3(m~2·h·Pa),并将其应用处理高浓度焦化废水,废水中的COD_(Cr)含量减少了63.41%,而氨氮减少了20%以上,说明用炭膜处理高浓度焦化废水是具有一定效果,可以减少高浓度焦化废水进入生化处理站所需补充的新水,达到节能减排的目的.     

印染废水除杂及资源化处理工艺研究

采用“电絮凝浮选+多介质滤器+弱酸床树脂”对印染废水进行除杂软化膜前预处理，预处理产水再经过RO浓缩和NF分盐将废水中氯离子和硫酸根离子进行有效分离，并对分离后两股盐溶液分别进行盐回收和制酸碱处理。通过对废水除杂、膜分盐浓缩及双极膜产酸碱等处理效果进行分析，实验结果表明回收盐硫酸钠品质达到II类一等品标准，可回用于印染加工过程，同时废水中盐转化制得的酸碱可用于系统的再生及中和处理等。该处理工艺实现印染废水的资源化循环利用，为废水除杂及资源化处理提供参考。     

水处理用炭膜的制备研究

以煤基沥青为原料,通过热处理制得中间相沥青,粉碎后经自粘成型、预氧化、炭化过程制得炭膜,把制得的炭膜用于染料水溶液的分离．通过考察各个工艺条件对炭膜分离性能的影响,确定出制备炭膜的最佳工艺参数．并考察了浸渍法对炭膜分离性能的影响．     

生物炭对阳离子染料的吸附性能研究进展

印染废水是一类重要的难降解工业废水,高效处理印染废水对于保护水生态环境和促进印染行业的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。生物炭原料来源广泛、比表面积大、孔隙结构发达、制备成本低,对印染废水中的多种污染物均表现出良好的吸附潜能,其中采用生物炭吸附阳离子染料的研究近年来备受关注。概述了可用于制备生物炭的生物质原料选取原则,以及...     

水热炭化制备污泥生物炭的碳固定

采用水热炭化法将市政污泥与印染污泥在不同的水热温度下制备成生物炭,并着重分析了污泥生物炭的碳固定指标与水热温度的关系。结果表明,污泥泥质和水热温度对生物炭碳固定特性影响明显。市政污泥的水热炭化以脱羧为主,而印染污泥则以脱水为主。随着水热温度升高,两种生物炭中碳元素含量、炭产率和碳回收率均下降,但市政污泥生物炭中稳定碳的含量及其产率增加,稳定性提高,而印染污泥则呈现相反的变化趋势。这一结果指出,市政污泥生物炭的碳固定性能明显优于印染污泥,并且应进一步研究不同污泥泥质特征与炭化碳固定效果的关系。     

甘蔗渣炭对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附

以甘蔗渣为原料,在真空氛围下炭化,制得甘蔗渣炭。采用SEM、FTIR、BET等方法对炭化前后的甘蔗渣进行表征,研究了甘蔗渣炭对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附效果。结果显示,炭化前甘蔗渣孔结构较少,结构较平整;炭化后甘蔗渣出现大量孔隙,比表面积大大增加。甘蔗渣化学结构发生了变化,产生新的官能团,吸附效果大大提高。炭化甘蔗渣吸附废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的最佳工艺条件为:吸附温度25℃,初始废水p H=1,炭化后甘蔗渣加入量14 g/L,吸附时间120 min,转速120 r/min。在此条件下处理初始浓度50 mg/L的废水时,去除率达到94. 5%,最大吸附量4. 805 mg/g。Langmuir等温吸附模型、拟二级动力学方程能更好的反应吸附过程。     

沥青基炭膜的制备研究

以煤沥青为原料经热处理、预氧化和炭化等工艺制备了炭膜,研究了制备条件对炭膜性能的影响及其气体分离的机理。结果表明,制备炭膜的最佳条件是热处理温度３７０℃,时间１２０ｍｉｎ;预氧化温度２２０℃,时间１２０ｍｉｎ,炭化温度９００℃。炭膜的气体分离机理是努森扩散,在高压差时伴有粘性流。     

煤基多孔炭材料的制备及其处理焦化废水的研究

以无烟煤为原料制备煤基多孔炭材料。考察了炭化温度及CO2流量对炭材料性能的影响,比较了粉末状和柱状炭材料对焦化废水中COD的去除效果。实验结果表明:当炭化温度为600℃,CO2流量为0.4L/min时,多孔炭材料的比表面积最大,为838.51m2/g。粉末状多孔炭材料处理焦化废水的效果更好,COD的去除率可达到72%。     

新型膜生物法处理印染废水的研究进展

膜生物法处理废水是利用膜分离技术对废水进行处理的一种方法.系统的介绍各种新型膜生物反应器处理技术在处理印染废水方面的应用,分析了各自的特点、优势.并根据印染废水处理的研究现状进行了展望.     

MBR在印染废水处理中的研究进展

印染废水是一种水量大、COD高、色度高、组分复杂并含有毒物的废水，采用传统生物技术处理很难达到日益提高的排放标准。膜生物反应器是一种新型高效的水处理技术，应用膜生物反应器处理印染废水有着传统生物处理技术无法比拟的优势，文章对MBR技术处理印染废水的研究概况进行了总结。为将来膜生物反应器的发展提供了参考。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.