智能agent及其在电子商务中的应用

随着智能agent和多agent技术的发展，agent技术逐渐成为在分布式、复杂开放系 统中实施的最为重要的技术．文中讨论了有关智能agent理论的各个方面，包括agent的发展 历史、特点、模型，和目前成熟的agent交互语言等等，给出了关于智能agent的特点和各个 主要应用领域及其潜在的发展方向，介绍了智能agent在电子商务中的应用，结尾处对agent 的发展方向提出了一些看法．     

基于JADE和Jess的智能agent系统开发

多agent技术在复杂建模领域具有优势,是当前研究的一个热点。但对于普通研究者来说,从底层开发多agent系统具有复杂性。因此,该文分析了多agent系统的分析和设计过程,讨论了以JADE为开发工具的多agent系统开发步骤,并设计了基于Jess的知识推理流程,增强了agent智能性。对基于JADE和Jess的智能agent系统的开发过程进行了研究。     

分层多agent应用集成框架中的动作组件库设计*

提出了称为动作组件库的设计来支持分层的多agent应用集成框架。首先,提出采用由上层agent协调下层agent执行的企业应用集成方式的原因,说明了动作组件库的设计以及如何集成动作组件库的动作实例来支持下层agent完成特定目标。通过一个场景的实现说明动作组件库如何在应用集成中发挥作用。在分层的应用集成框架中,动作组件库的设计为上层agent提供统一的接口来协调下层agent的运行,从而使下层职能agent可以并发地执行业务过程,提高系统运行效率,减少局部流程变化对于整体流程的影响,最终使用户能够采用基于     

基于自我意识的agent通信语言包容性研究

针对主流agent通信语言在描述通信内容及其语义时存在一定的局限性问题,提出了基于自我意识的agent通信语言(ACLBSC)并对其包容性进行研究。首先,研究了基于自我意识的agent结构及其含义,证明基于自我意识的agent通信语言能理解其结构与含义并将其转换为通信内容;其次,分析了主流agent通信语言的语用词及其语义,研究了用基于自我意识的agent通信语言对主流agent通信语言的包容;最后通过具体通信实例对比了不同通信语言的包容性。结果表明基于自我意识的agent通信语言不仅能够很好地包容主流agent通信语言,还能模拟人类的通信模式,方便agent之间对通信内容的理解。     

AODE中的多agent协商与学习

AODE是我们研制的一个面向agent的智能系统开发环境,本文以AODE为平台研究了多agent环境下的协商与学习本文利用协商-协商过程-协商线程的概念建立了多边-多问题协商模型MMN,该协商模型支持多agent环境中的多种协商形式及agent在协商过程中的学习,系统中的学习agent采用状态概率聚类空间上的多agent强化学习算法.该算法通过使用状态聚类方法减少Q值表存储所需空间,降低了经典Q-学习算法由于使用Q值表导致的对系统计算资源的要求,且该算法仍然可以保证收敛到最优解.     

一种意向驱动式面向agent程序设计语言

提出了一种意向驱动式面向agent程序设计语言--AOPLID(agent-oriented programming language with intention driver).该语言基于开放式情景演算OSC(open situation calculus),吸收了GOLOG的合理成分,加入对信念、意向、能力、策略等agent心智成分的处理,使用信念修正原语处理通信交互以及事件响应等外因行动,并采用了一种新颖的离线规划和在线执行相结合的运行方式,从而解决了GOLOG语言在应用于面向agent程序设计时不能有效地描述处理agent心智状态,无法处理外因行动等问题.给出了AOPLID语言语法结构,基于OSC的AOPLID程序语义以及AOPLID程序实例.     

用JAVA实现移动agent的网络安全

本文介绍了移动agent，指出了它的特点以及基于移动agent的网络安全问题，并讨论了用java语言实现移动agent网络安全的可行性。     

ACP--一种基于局部邮区的移动agent通信算法

agent的迁移在位置透明性、通信可靠性以及迁移和执行的异步性等多方面对通信算法的设计提出了挑战,提出一种基于局部邮区的移动agent通信算法,通过在agent当前通信和迁移活动较集中的区域建立局部邮区来支持消息的高效传输,且通过对邮区迁移和消息发送的同步来保证通信的可靠性。此外,算法支持通信的位置透明性,对Home结点依赖少,对agent迁移不做限制,且具有较好的适应性和容错性。     

面向普适计算的多Agent协同设计系统模型

根据普适计算的特点,提出了一种多agent协同设计系统框架模型.考虑到普适计算环境下移动设备的交互和多通道的信息集成,该模型在已有多agent协同设计系统的框架模型上增加了相应的agent,并且在设计agent的结构中包含了通道识别、上下文生成及多通道信息整合模块,以处理多通道的信息.详细介绍了在该agent模型中基于设计上下文的知识表示、搜索和更新式学习算法,以及协同设计系统中多agent知识共享的方法.该研究对于普适计算在设计领域中的应用有重要的意义.     

基于移动agent的分布式视频点播系统的研究

该文通过对移动agent技术和传统的视频点播系统的研究,提出了一种基于移动agent的分布式视频点播系统的设计和构造,具体地阐述了系统的工作流程,并着重讨论了实现该系统所要考虑的关键问题。移动agent的引入有效地减少了网络传输负载,实现了高速响应点播请求、高质量的影音效果,从而更好地满足更多用户的需求。     

Q: a scenario description language for interactive agents

Agent internal mechanisms form the basis for many of the languages proposed for describing agent behavior and interagent protocols. For the Web, however, we should also consider the needs of application designers such as sales managers, travel agents, and schoolteachers. To this end, the author is developing Q, a language for describing interaction scenarios between agents and users based on agent external roles. Q also provides an interface between computing professionals and scenario writers. Rather than depending on agent internal mechanisms, Q seeks to describe how scenario writers should request that agents behave. Scenarios help establish a bridge between the computing professionals who design agents and the scenario writers who design applications. Thus, we can expect an effective dialog to emerge from the interplay between the two different perspectives during the process of formalizing interaction patterns.     

Negotiated Collusion: Modeling Social Language and its Relationship Effects in Intelligent Agents

Building a collaborative trusting relationship with users is crucial in a wide range of applications, such as advice-giving or financial transactions, and some minimal degree of cooperativeness is required in all applications to even initiate and maintain an interaction with a user. Despite the importance of this aspect of human–human relationships, few intelligent systems have tried to build user models of trust, credibility, or other similar interpersonal variables, or to influence these variables during interaction with users. Humans use a variety of kinds of social language, including small talk, to establish collaborative trusting interpersonal relationships. We argue that such strategies can also be used by intelligent agents, and that embodied conversational agents are ideally suited for this task given the myriad multimodal cues available to them for managing conversation. In this article we describe a model of the relationship between social language and interpersonal relationships, a new kind of discourse planner that is capable of generating social language to achieve interpersonal goals, and an actual implementation in an embodied conversational agent. We discuss an evaluation of our system in which the use of social language was demonstrated to have a significant effect on users’ perceptions of the agent’s knowledgableness and ability to engage users, and on their trust, credibility, and how well they felt the system knew them, for users manifesting particular personality traits.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with corrections to the author name Bickmore.     

面向agent的程序设计语言:DL-1

为适应协作分布式问题求解（ＣＤＰＳ）研究和应用的需要，我们研制了面向ａｇｅｎｔ的程序设计语言：ＤＬ－１语言。ＤＬ－１语言由二部分组成：ＤＬ－１／ｓｙｓｔｅｍ和ＤＬ－１／ａｇｅｎｔ。ＤＬ－１／ｓｙｓｔｅｍ主要用于显式地描述ＣＤＰＳ系统的行政管理结构。ＤＬ－１／ａｇｅｎｔ主要用于描述ＣＤＰＳ系统的ａｇｅｎｔ，并允许用户在描述ａｇｅｎｔ的同时，描述ＣＤＰＳ系统的问题求解结构。     

Agent Programming in 3APL

An intriguing and relatively new metaphor in the programming community is that of an intelligent agent. The idea is to view programs as intelligent agents acting on our behalf. By using the metaphor of intelligent agents the programmer views programs as entities which have a mental state consisting of beliefs and goals. The computational behaviour of an agent is explained in terms of the decisions the agent makes on the basis of its mental state. It is assumed that this way of looking at programs may enhance the design and development of complex computational systems.To support this new style of programming, we propose the agent programming language 3APL. 3APL has a clear and formally defined semantics. The operational semantics of the language is defined by means of transition systems. 3APL is a combination of imperative and logic programming. From imperative programming the language inherits the full range of regular programming constructs, including recursive procedures, and a notion of state-based computation. States of agents, however, are belief or knowledge bases, which are different from the usual variable assignments of imperative programming. From logic programming, the language inherits the proof as computation model as a basic means of computation for querying the belief base of an agent. These features are well-understood and provide a solid basis for a structured agent programming language. Moreover, on top of that 3APL agents use so-called practical reasoning rules which extend the familiar recursive rules of imperative programming in several ways. Practical reasoning rules can be used to monitor and revise the goals of an agent, and provide an agent with reflective capabilities.Applying the metaphor of intelligent agents means taking a design stance. From this perspective, a program is taken as an entity with a mental state, which acts pro-actively and reactively, and has reflective capabilities. We illustrate how the metaphor of intelligent agents is supported by the programming language. We also discuss the design of control structures for rule-based agent languages. A control structure provides a solution to the problem of which goals and which rules an agent should select. We provide a concrete and intuitive ordering on the practical reasoning rules on which such a selection mechanism can be based. The ordering is based on the metaphor of intelligent agents. Furthermore, we provide a language with a formal semantics for programming control structures. The main idea is not to integrate this language into the agent language itself, but to provide the facilities for programming control structures at a meta level. The operational semantics is accordingly specified at the meta level, by means of a meta transition system.     

基于自我意识的Agent通信语言研究

Agent间的通信目的是不断完善其自我意识,Agent间的通信内容是Agent对其自我意识的解释,Agent间的通信过程是Agent在其自我意识上的推理。在研究经典Agent通信语言的基础上,结合知识类别、自我意识、语气等相关研究成果,以能描述语义的互表性、模糊性、动态性和自我意识性的动态本体描述语言作为通信内容的表示工具,设计了一个基于自我意识的Agent通信语言,给出了该语言的消息结构和语用词,并通过实例来解释Agent间的通信过程是Agent在其自我意识上的推理。     

基于Java的移动Agent系统研究

移动Ａｇｅｎｔ技术是一门新兴的技术,具有移动性,智能性和异步计算等特点,本文介绍了移动Ａｇｅｎｔ概念,分析了一般的移动Ａｇｅｎｔ系统结构,针对Ｊａｖａ语言的特点,分析了Ｊａｖａ语言开发移动Ａｇｅｎｔ优势和几点技术解决方案。     

Agent在Internet中的应用

随着Internet自身的快速增长,在它之上的信息已经使得用户可以无限地进行文档访问,但同时也产生了用户找不到感兴趣文档的困难。我们提出了一种Agent系统模型,它可以自动学习用户的访问模式和信息资源的更新模式,将信息主动地推到用户面前,从而最大可能地满足了用户方的需求和减轻了服务方的开销。     

移动环境下基于移动代理的应用框架设计

随着网络技术的发展和移动设备的普及，用户希望能随时随地对资源进行访问。但是，由于移动网络连接带宽低且移动单元本身资源贫乏，移动环境为分布应用开发提出了新的挑战。移动代理技术以其节省带宽、异步性等特征，为移动计算提供了良好的解决方案。本文首先讨论了移动代理系统的设计，然后提出一个基于移动代理的移动应用框架
架，最后给出了相应的应用实例。     

移动代理系统综述

移动代理技术是新型的分布计算技术,具有很好的应用前景、移动代理系统是实现移动代理应用的基础框架。简述了移动代理（mobile agent)的定义和特点、移动代理系统（mobile agent system)的定义和基本内容,移动代理技术的优点和应用范围。着重讨论了8个有代表性的移动代理系统,就各自的体系结构和特色作出说明,并且综合分析了实现移动代理系统所需的技术和当前研究中存在的问题及可能的发展趋势。     

可视化的Mole

移动代理是为解决网络低带宽,高延迟而提出的一种新的分布式计算模型,而Ｍｏｌｅ是Ｓｔｕｔｔｇａｒｔ大学开发的一个移动代理系统。Ｍｏｌｅ实现了一个移动代理系统的基本功能,但它过于简单的字符界面给系统使用带来许多限制和不便,在分析这些不足的基础上,设计并实现了Ｍｏｌｅ可视化,同时增强了系统的控制功能。