A 12-GHz silicon bipolar dual-conversion receiver for digital satellite applications

A 12-GHz monolithic silicon bipolar receiver for digital video broadcasting via satellite (DVB-S) is presented. The receiver is based on a dual-conversion superheterodyne architecture that employs a single LO integrated in the same die. To comply with the stringent LO phase noise requirement of -101 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset from the carrier, an innovative VCO topology, based on a three-layer monolithic transformer, was used. The VCO exhibits a phase noise of -102 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset from a 5.3-GHz carrier and a 1.1-GHz tuning range. At 12 GHz, the conversion gain is 33.6 dB, the single-sideband noise figure is 5.9 dB and the output IP3 is +16 dBm. This work reports the first 12-GHz DVB-S monolithic receiver integrated in a low-cost silicon bipolar technology.     

DVB-S2: The Second Generation Standard for Satellite Broad-Band Services

DVB-S2 is the second-generation specification for satellite broad-band applications, developed by the Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) Project in 2003. The system is structured as a toolkit to allow the implementation of the following satellite applications: TV and sound broadcasting, interactivity (i.e., Internet access), and professional services, such as TV contribution links and digital satellite news gathering. It has been specified around three concepts: best transmission performance approaching the Shannon limit, total flexibility, and reasonable receiver complexity. Channel coding and modulation are based on more recent developments by the scientific community: low density parity check codes are adopted, combined with QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK, and 32APSK modulations for the system to work properly on the nonlinear satellite channel. The framing structure allows for maximum flexibility in a versatile system and also synchronization in worst case configurations (low signal-to-noise ratios). Adaptive coding and modulation, when used in one-to-one links, then allows optimization of the transmission parameters for each individual user,dependant on path conditions. Backward-compatible modes are also available,allowing existing DVB-S integrated receivers-decoders to continue working during the transitional period. The paper provides a tutorial overview of the DVB-S2 system, describing its main features and performance in various scenarios and applications.     

DVB-S2及其相关技术

论述了卫星数字广播标准DVB-S2制定的必要性及其技术特点。DVB-S2采用高阶调制,信道编码采用LDPC码与BCH码相结合,信道纠错能力可达到Es/N0优于10-7。介绍了香浓极限以及DVB-S2系统的结构组成,并详细介绍了各模块的功能。由于DVB-S2适用于单码流或多码流输入,故它支持多种业务,给卫星数字广播开辟了新的应用领域。为了不使DVB-S接收机作废,DVB-S2采用了向后兼容广播模式。     

基于ST5105的数字卫星接收机的设计与实现

结合数字卫星广播电视系统的基本原理和发送端信号处理的基本过程,阐述了数字卫星接收机的工作原理,介绍了MPEG-2解码芯片ST5105的功能和结构特点,并给出了基于该芯片的数字卫星接收机的总体设计与实现。     

Adaptive Coding and Modulation for the DVB-S2 Standard Interactive Applications: Capacity Assessment and Key System Issues

Point-to-point multibeam satellite systems based on the DVB-S standard are currently designed for link closure in the worst-case propagation and location conditions. The DVB-S standard, conceived for broadcasting applications, considers a fixed coding rate and modulation format that are selected according to the assumed coverage and availability requirements. This approach implies the occurrence of high margins in the majority of the cases, when interference and propagation conditions allow for higher signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio. The adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) introduction in the new DVB-S2 standard for the interactive service profile opens up a number of appealing opportunities for the design and development of satellite broadband networks. In this article we show how the ACM introduction in the satellite downlink enables greatly enhanced system performance but also has a profound impact on the way the system and some of the key system components are designed.     

DVB-S2标准的调谐器芯片研究

分析了DVB—S2标准的特点和性能,介绍了业内首款符合此标准的ZL10038调谐器方案,并对其他3款DVB-S2标准的调谐器方案进行了比较。     

The European system for digital multi-programme television bysatellite

The general concepts of the system for digital television transmission by satellite developed within the European DVB (digital video broadcasting) project and standardised by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) are described. The system, named DVB-S, is intended to provide DTH (direct-to-home) multi-programme TV services in the BSS (broadcasting satellite service) and FSS (fixed satellite service) bands and is addressed to consumer IRDs (integrated receiver decoders), as well as collective antenna systems (SMATV, satellite master antenna TV) and cable television head-end stations, with a likelihood of remodulation. The exploitation of the multiplex flexibility allows the use of the transmission capacity for a variety of TV service configurations. The use of flexible and advanced error protection techniques, based on the concatenation of Reed-Solomon and convolutional codes (with Viterbi decoding), allows optimum adaptation to different satellite transponder characteristics, i.e. bandwidth and power, providing high service quality and availability with small receiving antennas. For example, in climatic zone E (in Europe) on a 33 MHz transponder a data-rate of 38.1 Mbit/s can be transmitted, adequate to provide five standard definition TV programmes (SDTV) or, alternatively three to four enhanced definition programmes (EDTV), while ensuring 99.90% service availability (in the average year) with 50-cm receiving antenna within the 51 dBW EIRP (equivalent isotropic radiated power) service area contour     

卫星数字广播的发展优势

详细介绍卫星数字化的发展、数字卫星广播制式DVB-S.     

卫星电视接收机方案及其芯片浅析

从卫星电视的发展入手,分析了其广泛应用的基于DVB-S标准的卫星接收机系列芯片,并且进行了比较,介绍了最新推出的基于DVB-S2标准的新型多功能接收机芯片.     

A new performance metric for M-APSK receivers

Synchronization is a critical function that determines the overall performance and complexity of the receiver of any communications system. The implementation and evaluation of effective synchronization algorithms still comprises a challenging task that requires accurate testing methods, which are based on measurements collected at various processing stages. M-ary Amplitude-Phase Shift Keying (M-APSK) constellations are used in modern communications systems, such as digital video broadcasting and interactive broadband satellite services, due to their bandwidth efficiency characteristics. This paper presents a new metric that can be associated with the signal quality at various synchronization mechanisms used in M-APSK receivers. Apart from the metric's mathematical derivation, the paper presents various experimental results based on single (QPSK, 8PSK), two (16APSK) and three (32APSK) ring M-APSK schemes employed in DVB-S2 systems.     

DVB-S数据广播系统的设计与性能分析

随着数字广播的发展,数字广播的应用领域已由单一的数字电视向多业务方向发展.文中提出了一种利用DVB-S信道传输综合业务的数据广播系统,系统提供了数字电视、流媒体、文件和消息四种基本业务载体,用户可以在这四种业务载体的基础上实现其应用.文中还介绍了系统的架构和传输协议,并从理论和数值上分析了系统的传输性能,得出了影响系统性能的主要因素.     

DVB-S2 LDPC Decoding Using Robust Check Node Update Approximations

Broadband satellite services to fixed terminals are currently offered in the forward link by the 2nd generation (2G) digital video broadcasting satellite (DVB-S2) standard. For this standard the use of powerful low-density parity-check (LDPC) error correcting codes has been adopted performing within approximately 1 dB from the Shannon capacity limit. This paper studies and compares for the first time in a systematic manner different approximation methods used in check node update computation of DVB-S2 LDPC decoding with the aim of reducing computational complexity. Various performance evaluation results are presented for a wide range of DVB-S2 parameters, such as LDPC codeword size, coding rate, modulation format and including several decoding algorithms. It is shown that the proposed check node update approximations have a robust behavior, i.e. the resulting performance is quite independent of the DVB-S2 modulation and coding parameters. It is further shown that these approximations perform very close to the optimal sum-product algorithm (SPA) in degradation, which is less than 0.2 dB. Despite this small degradation, the reduction in computational complexity compared to the optimal SPA is significant and can be as high as 40% in computational time savings.     

On Pilot-Symbol-Assisted Carrier Synchronization for DVB-S2 Systems

We consider the problem of carrier synchronization in future 2nd-generation satellite digital video broadcasting (DVB-S2) receivers. In this scenario, this task is made harder by the complexity constraints, related to the use of consumer-grade equipment. Making use of the distributed pilot symbols of the DVB-S2 standard, low-complexity techniques for fine frequency estimation and for detection in the presence of a strong phase noise, typical of consumer-grade equipment, will be proposed. The performance of the described algorithms will be analysed in detail through computer simulations.     

DVB-RCS卫星互动网络的研究

DVB-RCS卫星互动网络,应用前景广阔。DVB-RCS标准是为了在单向的卫星广播网络中(DVB-S)实现双向互动网络而采纳的一系列技术规范,但标准中仅规定了空中接口,没有提到如何实现一个网络的MAC接入层。卫星网络的实现结构是其MAC接入层协议的重要组成部分。本文设计了一个DVB-RCS卫星互动网络的网络结构,重点解释了它的多址接入方式和资源分配方式,最后描述了它的入网过程。     

A Low-Power Fully Monolithic Subthreshold CMOS Receiver With Integrated LO Generation for 2.4 GHz Wireless PAN Applications

This paper reports a fully monolithic subthreshold CMOS receiver with integrated subthreshold quadrature LO chain for 2.4 GHz WPAN applications. Subthreshold operation, passive voltage boosting, and various low-power circuit techniques such as current reuse, stacking, and differential cross coupling have been combined to lower the total power consumption. The subthreshold receiver, consisting of the switched-gain low noise amplifier, the quadrature mixers, and the variable gain amplifiers, consumes only 1.4 mW of power and has a gain of 43 dB and a noise figure of 5 dB. The entire quadrature LO chain, including a stacked quadrature VCO and differential cross-coupled buffers, also operates in the subthreshold region and consumes a total power of 1.2 mW. The subthreshold receiver with integrated LO generation is implemented in a 0.18 mum CMOS process. The receiver has a 3-dB IF bandwidth of 95 MHz.     

利用安捷伦ADS产生DVB-S数字卫星电视信号--ADS仪表连接应用

在数字卫星电视接收系统的开发过程中,为了验证接收系统的正确性,(即接收系统是否可以正常工作,是否可以正常地播放出图像)需要一个卫星信号源,要求它应该能够产生具有卫星编码的活动图像信息,从而使接收系统工作于符合DVB标准的数字卫星系统中.本文将阐述如何利用安捷伦ADS仿真软件和ESG E4438C矢量信号发生器,产生出带有图像信息的DVB-S数字卫星电视信号.     

Digital video broadcasting over satellite (DVB‐S): a system for broadcasting and contribution applications

The general system concepts for digital television transmission and broadcasting by satellite, developed within the European digital video broadcasting (DVB) Project and standardized by ETSI are described. The system (EN 300 421) is designed to provide direct‐to‐home (DTH) multi‐programme TV services in the BSS and FSS bands and is addressed to consumer integrated receiver decoders (IRDs), as well as collective antenna systems (SMATV) and cable television head‐end stations, with a likelihood of remodulation. The system operational modes have been extended in 1998 (EN 301 210) to cover also ‘contribution’ applications by satellite, such as conveying vision and sound material between TV studios, or from remote locations directly to the broadcaster's premises through light and portable up‐link terminal digital satellite news gathering (DSNG). The exploitation of the multiplex flexibility allows the use of the transmission capacity for a variety of TV service configurations. The use of flexible and advanced error protection techniques, based on the concatenation of Reed‐Solomon and convolutional codes (with Viterbi decoding), allows optimum adaptation to different satellite transponder characteristics, i.e. bandwidth and power, providing high service quality and availability with small receiving antennas (DTH applications) or transmitting terminals (DSNG applications). Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

卫星数字视频广播系统中信道编译码性能的分析

本文分析了卫星数字视频广播系统（DVB－S）中信道编码的方式,并采用Viterbi译码器字节错误概率代替比特错误概率的方法来对DVB－S信道编码系统进行分析,所得到的字节错误概率上限界更适于分析DVB－S系统中级联卷积码内码和R－S外码的编码方案。     

A fully integrated direct-conversion digital satellite tuner in 0.18μm CMOS

A fully integrated direct-conversion digital satellite tuner for DVB-S/S2 and ABS-S applications is presented.A broadband noise-canceling Balun-LNA and passive quadrature mixers provided a high-linearity low noise RF front-end,while the synthesizer integrated the loop filter to reduce the solution cost and system debug time.Fabricated in 0.18μm CMOS,the chip achieves a less than 7.6 dB noise figure over a 900-2150 MHz L-band, while the measured sensitivity for 4.42 MS/s QPSK-3/4 mode is -91 dBm at the PCB connector.The fully integrated integer-N synthesizer operating from 2150 to 4350 MHz achieves less than 1℃integrated phase error. The chip consumes about 145 mA at a 3.3 V supply with internal integrated LDOs.     

Satellite based turbo-coded, blind-equalized 4-QAM and 16-QAMdigital video broadcasting

The pan-European digital satellite video broadcasting (DVB-S) system's performance is characterized and improved with the aid of turbo coding and multi-level modulation. Specifically, various configurations of blind equalizers and convolutional as well as turbo codecs operating at different code rates were investigated. The standard system's performance was improved upon replacing the conventional convolutional codec by a turbo codec. Lastly, the feasibility of employing blind equalized 16-level modulation within the DVB-S system is demonstrated, potentially doubling the available bit rate and hence improving the associated video quality at the cost of a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement. This extra transmitted power requirement can be eliminated upon invoking the more complex turbo codec, which requires lower transmitted power for attaining the same performance as the standard convolutional codes