激光重熔锌铝基Al2O3陶瓷复合层的组织结构研究

本文研究了激光重熔等离子喷涂锌铝基Al2O3陶瓷复合层的组织结构.结果表明,等离子喷涂Al2O3陶瓷涂层主要由等轴晶状的α-Al2O3陶瓷相组成,长条状的γ-Al2O3陶瓷相量较少,主要分布在α-Al2O3陶瓷相的相界面和几个α-Al2O3陶瓷相晶粒的交汇处;激光重熔后基体相树枝晶得到明显细化,熔池区只存在单一的δ-Al2O3陶瓷相,原α-Al2O3陶瓷相、γ-Al2O3陶瓷相均转变为δ-Al2O3陶瓷相,陶瓷颗粒独立地分布于基体相中,表层陶瓷颗粒数目众多,并有局部富集现象,次表层次之,而在过渡区只能偶尔发现独立存在的陶瓷颗粒.     

Al2O3陶瓷爆炸喷涂涂层性能分析

使用爆炸喷涂法制备了Al2O3陶瓷涂层,以自熔性NiAl合金粉末作为底层,基体为45钢。涂层的XRD图谱分析表明,爆炸喷涂的Al2O3陶瓷涂层结构以α-Al2O3及γ-Al2O3为主,说明在爆炸喷涂中存在相变过程;使用国标JB/T7509-94铁试剂方法进行测定,Al2O3陶瓷涂层孔隙率为0.019个/mm2,爆炸喷涂的Al2O3陶瓷涂层结构致密;滑动磨损试验说明,爆炸喷涂Al2O3陶瓷涂层提高了钢基体的耐磨损性能,适用于耐磨涂层。     

纳米掺杂Al2O3/ZrO2等离子喷涂涂层组织结构研究

利用大气等离子喷涂技术,在N80钢基体上制备纳米掺杂Al2O3/ZrO2热障涂层。利用XRD、SEM等观察分析了纳米掺杂Al2O3/ZrO2粉末及等离子喷涂涂层组织形貌及结构,结果表明,Al2O3/ZrO2等离子喷涂粉末是由纳米包覆微米级粒子及少量的纳米团聚体球团粒子构成。纳米掺杂等离子喷涂Al2O3/ZrO2涂层的微观组织形貌复杂,存在着纳米柱状晶薄壳内包裹着微米级柱状晶、未熔化的ZrO2陶瓷粒子嵌镶在晶体内部的独特晶内结构。涂层主要由α-Al2O3及亚稳四方相t,-ZrO2相构成。     

316L不锈钢表面等离子喷涂TiO2-10Al2O3热障涂层组织和电热性能分析北大核心CSCD

为了提高316L不锈钢表面等离子喷涂TiO2涂层的性能,通过添加Al2O3颗粒的方式制备TiO2-10Al2O3复合热障涂层。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重、电热等试验测试分析其性能。研究结果表明:TiO2-10Al2O3涂层产生了六方结构TiO2相。在涂层表面形成了熔融区与未熔融区两个部分,颗粒在熔融区中呈现充分铺展,形成了紧密结合效果。涂层形成了致密组织,并未产生纵向分布的裂纹,当把Al2O3添加到TiO2中之后,可以使复合涂层达到更加紧密的结合状态。当加入Al2O3颗粒后,试样氧化增重速率减小。当温度上升后,涂层发生了电阻率线性增加的变化现象,不同循环周期中的增长斜率基本一致。涂层形成较为完整的结构,并未产生明显裂纹与氧化区,依然保持致密组织结构,具备优异电热稳定性。     

镁合金热化学反应热喷涂Al2O3基复相陶瓷涂层的性能

为了提高镁合金的耐磨、耐蚀等性能,以Al2O3+TiO2为陶瓷骨料,加入Al+B2O3+TiO2放热反应体系,采用氧乙炔火焰喷涂技术在AZ31B镬合金表面制备Al2O3基复相陶瓷涂层,研究了复合陶瓷涂层的形貌、致密性、相结构、热震性能、耐磨性和耐蚀性,并与普通热喷涂陶瓷涂层进行了比较.结果表明:热化学反应热喷涂层表面陶瓷粒子的熔化率较高,呈熔岩状;热化学反应热喷涂过程中发生热化学反应,涂层中有TiB2等新相生成;热化学反应热喷涂层的抗热震性、致密性、耐磨性、耐蚀性均优于普通热喷涂层,清漆封孔可使热化学反应热喷涂层的致密性大幅提高,几乎不发生腐蚀.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO_2-Al_2O_3复合光催化剂及其表征

以钛酸四正丁酯为钛源,异丙醇铝为铝源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2-Al2O3复合光催化剂,考察其对甲基橙的吸附性能和在紫外光照射下的光催化活性。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、N2吸附-脱附等对催化剂的晶相结构、化学组成及BET比表面积和孔径分布等进行了表征。结果表明TiO2-Al2O3复合光催化剂由TiO2和Al2O3组成,其中TiO2为单一的锐钛矿晶相,Al2O3为非晶态,Al2O3的存在可抑制TiO2晶粒的生长。在n(Ti)/n(Al)=12,500℃煅烧3h制得的TiO2-Al2O3复合光催化剂比表面积达99.21m2/g,平均孔径为22.39nm,累计孔容积为0.4493cm3/g。在500℃煅烧制得的复合光催化剂具有最佳的光催化活性和吸附性能。与纯TiO2相比,相同条件下TiO2-Al2O3复合光催化剂的光催化活性和吸附性能都有较大提高。     

大气等离子喷涂Al2O3/ZnO/TiO2涂层微波介电性能的研究

采用高焓大气等离子喷涂技术,以纳米级ZnO、Al2O3和TiO2为原料,通过固相反应制得以ZnAl2O4为主相的陶瓷粉末,加入粘结剂聚乙烯醇(PVA),通过喷雾造粒的方法制备复合吸波陶瓷涂层(简称为AZT涂层).分析了AZT涂层的微观结构和相组成,探究了喷涂功率对AZT涂层微波介电性能的影响.结果表明,AZT涂层对比粉...     

纳米陶瓷等离子喷涂层硬度的Weibull分布及与涂层组构的对应特性

等离子喷涂层的硬度是反映其耐磨性、强度、使用寿命的重要指标,它与涂层的组构有对应的关系,但其测定结果分散性较大。为了精确测量陶瓷等离子喷涂层的硬度,在NiCrAl合金表面等离子喷涂制备了Al2O3-13%TiO2(AT13)纳米陶瓷涂层(ncc)和对照用微米涂层(mcc),采用显微硬度测试仪测量了其显微硬度,研究了其Weibull分布特性,通过SEM、XRD等分析了ncc涂层显微硬度与微观组织结构的关系,并通过TEM对涂层的微区结构进行了表征。结果表明:ncc涂层的平均显微硬度显著高于mcc,且呈双态分布;两者硬度的Weibull分布呈分散性,但ncc涂层的分布较均匀,微裂纹细小且粒径小,以α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3及少量金红石型TiO2为主要物相;ncc涂层具有优异的力学性能主要归因于其组织的晶粒细化、纳米TiO2颗粒镶嵌于Al2O3孔隙中、Al2O3微晶弥散分布、微裂纹韧化等。     

等离子喷涂Fe/Al2O3涂层的微观结构及介电性能

以往将等离子喷涂层用于介电性能的研究较少。采用大气等离子喷涂在石墨表面制备了一系列Fe/Al2O3陶瓷涂层。采用表面分析技术研究了不同Fe/Al2O3含量涂层的微观结构和在8.2～12.4GHz频率范围的介电性能,探讨了Fe含量对涂层相组成和微观结构以及介电性能的影响。结果表明:Fe/Al2O3陶瓷涂层中Fe粉和气孔分布均匀;随着Fe粉量的增加,颗粒热导率变大,涂层中未熔融颗粒减少,γ-Al2O3随之增加,气孔率逐渐下降;涂层的复介电常数随着Fe粉含量的增加而增大。     

Al_2O_3/CrN_x复合膜的摩擦磨损特性

为改善铝合金零部件的摩擦磨损特性,采用微弧氧化和射频磁控溅射技术,在2A12铝合金表面制备Al2O3/CrNx复合膜。用X射线衍射仪、涡流测厚仪、纳米硬度仪、微摩擦磨损试验机、非接触表面三维形貌仪及扫描电镜对Al2O3涂层及复合膜的相组成、膜厚、纳米硬度、摩擦磨损特性和磨痕形貌等进行了研究。实验结果表明:32μm厚的多孔Al2O3陶瓷涂层由α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3相组成,外层1.2μm厚的CrNx膜由单质Cr,Cr2N和CrN相组成;Al2O3涂层及Al2O3/CrNx复合膜的摩擦因数和磨损率都随法向载荷的增加而增大,在相同实验参数下,复合膜的摩擦因数和磨损率都远小于Al2O3涂层的,这表明在Al2O3涂层表面沉积CrNx膜能明显改善其摩擦磨损特性,将延长对偶件的使用寿命。     

VLE data for CO2-CF2Cl2, N2-CO2, N2-CF2Cl2 and N2-CO2-CF2Cl

Knowledge about vapour-liquid (VLE) is required as a basis of reliable calculations for separation processes. Correlations available for the prediction of T, p, x, y data are less accurate for mixtures at high pressures and mixtures containing supercritical components. The results of VLE experiments are reported and compared with data calculated with equations of state.     

Preparation of ZrO2-CeO2 and HfO2-CeO2 nanopowders

We prepared weakly agglomerated powders of ZrO₂-CeO₂ and HfO₂-CeO₂ solid solutions 5–8 nm in particle size, consisting of monoclinic and tetragonal phases. After heat treatment at 1200°C, the crystallite size was 30 and 14 nm, respectively. We also examined the effect of precipitate freeze drying on the crystallization of hafnia-based solid solutions containing up to 20 mol % CeO₂.     

Thermal diffusion in binary mixtures H2-CCl2F2 and H2-CHClF2

Thermal diffusion coefficients were measured in two gaseous mixtures, in which one component was close to the critical temperature, in the pressure range (19.6–127.4)·10⁴ N/m² and at a freon concentration of 0.25–0.8.     

Comparison of the Electronic Structures of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2

First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La₂CuO₄, Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂, and Sr₂CuO₂F₂. The copper ${\text{3d}}_{x^2 - y^2 } $ and the planar oxygen 2p _σ atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the ${\text{3}}d_{3z^2 - r^2 } $ atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions.     

Radial GRIN glasses in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems

A series of GRIN glass rods have been developed in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems. Negative radial refractive index profiles were generated by exchanging Na+ for Li+ ions in these glass rods. It has been observed that TiO2 plays a vital role in increase in the profile depth and maximum change in the refractive index because of its ambivalent nature. Change in the refractive index can be further increased by increasing the concentration of exchanging cation in the base glass.     

Elastic and Electronic Properties of Superconducting CaPd 2 As 2 and SrPd 2 As 2 vs. Non-superconducting BaPd 2 As 2

The first-principles calculations were performed to predict the elastic and electronic properties of the superconducting ThCr₂Si₂-type phases CaPd₂As₂ and SrPd₂As₂ in comparison with the non-superconducting CeMg₂Si₂-type phase BaPd₂As₂. Besides, the same properties were compared for CeMg₂Si₂- and ThCr₂Si₂-type polymorphs of BaPd₂As₂. We found that all these phases are mechanically stable and belong to soft materials with low hardness. The near-Fermi region is formed by the valence states of the blocks [Pd₂As₂] with decisive contributions of Pd 4d states. The values of N(E _F) increase in the sequence: CaPd₂As₂ < SrPd₂As₂ < BaPd₂As₂, i.e. in the reverse sequence relative to the transition temperatures T _C. Thus, the change in T _C cannot be explained by the electronic factor, i.e. by the simple correlation T _C～N(E _F). Most likely the decrease in T _C in the sequence CaPd₂As₂ → SrPd₂As₂ and the absence of a superconducting transition in BaPd₂As₂ are related to the structural factors and the peculiarities of the electron–phonon coupling mechanism.     

Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO系统的亚固相关系

本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O