喷水推进型无人艇航向跟踪的反步自适应滑模控制*

针对单泵喷水推进型无人滑行艇的航向跟踪非线性系统,提出了一种反步自适应滑模控制方法。该系统由无人艇运动非线性响应模型和舵机伺服系统组成,并考虑运动响应模型的建模误差、外界干扰力等非匹配不确定性,利用全局微分同胚坐标变换将原系统变换为具有下三角特征的非线性系统。基于Backstepping方法和滑模控制理论,提出了一种自适应滑模控制律;利用Lyapunov函数,证明该控制律保证了航向跟踪系统的全局渐近稳定性。仿真对比结果验证了所提出控制器的有效性。     

一种改进的自适应滑模控制及其在航天器姿态控制中的应用

针对刚体航天器的鲁棒姿态控制问题,提出一种改进的自适应滑模控制(ASMC)算法.该算法除了不需要事先知道扰动及系统参数不确定性的上界外,还有效地解决了现有ASMC设计中对切换增益的过度适应问题.该算法具有以下优点:1)自适应的切换增益更接近扰动及参数不确定性的上界,能够产生低抖振的控制信号;2)控制力矩更为平滑,适于工程应用.仿真结果验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

Backstepping sliding mode control with functional tuning based on an instantaneous power approach applied to an underwater vehicle

In this paper, we present a modified backstepping sliding mode control to deal with Euler–Lagrange systems. The controller is applied in an underwater vehicle in order to show the effectiveness of the approach proposed. Instantaneous power data provided by the propulsion system are used to tune the controller in order to guarantee robust performance and energy saving. Thanks to the combination of an internal Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller, it is possible implement high gains to deal with the influence of disturbances and uncertainties. A comparative study among this backstepping sliding mode controller and standard sliding mode controls is presented.     

无刷直流电机转速伺服系统反步高阶滑模控制

针对无刷直流电机转速伺服系统高性能非线性鲁棒控制, 提出一种新型的多滑模反步高阶滑模非线性控制方法. 在控制律设计的每一步都引入二阶滑模Super-Twisting 算法, 无需计算变量导数, 消除了滑模抖振, 并在第1 级子系统虚拟控制律设计中提出一种改进的二阶滑模Super-Twisting 算法. 与传统双闭环PI 控制相比, 能够令系统的动静态性能更好, 转矩脉动更小, 鲁棒性更强; 与标准Super-Twisting 算法相比, 进一步提高了系统对阶跃负载扰动的抑制能力. 最后通过仿真分析表明了所提出方法的有效性.

     

Adaptive sliding mode control for plants with mismatched perturbations to achieve asymptotical stability

In this paper an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) scheme based on the Lyapunov stability theorem is proposed for a class of multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) systems with mismatched perturbations to solve robust tracking problems. Adaptive mechanisms are employed in the design of a specific sliding surface function, so that when the dynamics of controlled system enters the sliding surface, the adaptive gains are capable of adapting the upper bounds of mismatched perturbations and the trajectories of tracking errors can achieve the objective of asymptotical stability. Some adaptive mechanisms are also employed in the controller's design, so that the reaching phase can be accomplished in a finite time without the requirement of the information of upper bounds of partial mismatched perturbations. Finally the control scheme is applied to control an AC motor for showing the feasibility of the proposed methodology. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

单喷泵无人滑行艇航向的反步自适应滑模控制

针对单泵喷水推进型无人滑行艇航向跟踪的非线性系统控制问题,对无人滑行艇的运动稳定性分析表明,其具有水平面内的自动稳定性.考虑建模误差和外界干扰力影响下的滑行艇运动响应模型,基于backstepping方法和滑模控制理论,提出了一种自适应滑模控制律.利用Lyapunov函数,证明该控制律保证了航向跟踪系统的全局渐近稳定性.仿真对比结果验证了所提出控制器的有效性.     

A new terminal sliding mode control for robotic manipulators

In this study, a new terminal sliding mode control approach is developed for robotic manipulators based on finite-time stability theory and differential inequality principle. The corresponding stability analysis is presented to lay a foundation for theoretical understanding to the underlying design issue as well as safe operation for real system. An illustrative example of a two-link rigid robotic manipulator is presented to validate effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

A backstepping high-order sliding mode voltage control strategy for an islanded microgrid with harmonic/interharmonic loads

This paper presents a new nonlinear voltage control strategy based on backstepping control and a high-order sliding mode differentiator for an islanded microgrid. The microgrid consists of multiple distributed generation (DG) units with an arbitrary configuration that can be parametrically uncertain or topologically unknown. The proposed controller robustly regulates the microgrid voltages in the presence of parametric uncertainties, unmodeled dynamics, load imbalances, and nonlinear loads with harmonic/interharmonic currents. In contrast to existing methods, the controller does not need to know the frequency of harmonic and interharmonic current of microgrid loads that lead to the reduction of the steady-state error of the voltage controller in the frequency of unknown harmonics and interharmonics. The MATLAB/SimPowerSystems toolbox has verified the proposed control strategy's performance.     

永磁直线同步电机的自适应Backstepping滑模控制研究

针对永磁直线同步电机(PMLSM)控制系统的不确定性因素,提出了自适应 Backstepping滑模控制器,实现运动跟踪。建立 PMLSM 系统模型,采用 Backstepping 设计,在滑模控制的基础上,基于 Lyapunov 函数设计自适应率,改善控制性能。仿真结果表明,系统具有稳定快速的跟踪性能,考虑实际系统中参数不确定性因素,控制器仍具有较强鲁棒性。     

TORA系统基于自调节滑模干扰补偿器的解耦滑模控制

针对欠驱动TORA系统,提出一种基于自调节滑模干扰补偿器的解耦滑模控制方法。所提出的控制方法无需系统不确定性上界的先验信息,对于系统不确定性具有良好的适应性。该控制方法包括设计一种自调节滑模干扰补偿器和一种新型的双幂次趋近律,所设计的自调节滑模干扰补偿器能够利用切换增益自适应算法准确逼近上界未知的系统不确定性,所提出的新型双幂次趋近律能够保证系统状态的快速趋近并抑制控制器的高频抖动。采用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明闭环控制系统的稳定性,并通过数值仿真实验验证所提出的控制方法的有效性。     

Nonlinear fractional‐order power system stabilizer for multi‐machine power systems based on sliding mode technique

This paper presents two novel nonlinear fractional‐order sliding mode controllers for power angle response improvement of multi‐machine power systems. First, a nonlinear block control is used to handle nonlinearities of the interconnected power system. In the second step, a decentralized fractional‐order sliding mode controller with a nonlinear sliding manifold is designed. Practical stability is achieved under the assumption that the upper bound of the fractional derivative of perturbations and interactions are known. However, when an unknown transient perturbation occurs in the system, it makes the evaluation of perturbation and interconnection upper bound troublesome. In the next step, an adaptive‐fuzzy approximator is applied to fix the mentioned problem. The fuzzy approximator uses adjacent generators relative speed as own inputs, which is known as semi‐decentralized control strategy. For both cases, the stability of the closed‐loop system is analyzed by the fractional‐order stability theorems. Simulation results for a three‐machine power system with two types of faults are illustrated to show the performance of the proposed robust controllers versus the conventional sliding mode. Additionally, the fractional parameter effects on the system transient response and the excitation voltage amplitude and chattering are demonstrated in the absence of the fuzzy approximator. Finally, the suggested controller is combined with a simple voltage regulator in order to keep the system synchronism and restrain the terminal voltage variations at the same time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

牵引车–飞机系统的自适应滑模变结构控制

将自动转向技术应用于牵引车–飞机系统, 并以侧偏位移和相对横摆角作为反馈, 提出一种牵引车四轮主动转向控制策略. 重点考虑牵引车和飞机的侧向和横摆运动, 建立含铰接角在内的牵引车–飞机系统非线性动力学模型. 将牵引车和飞机的轮胎侧偏刚度视为有界的不确定性参数, 将侧向风等因素视为未知的外在扰动, 采用自适应滑模变结构控制方法设计牵引车转向角控制器. 仿真结果表明, 设计出的前、后轮转向控制器能使控制系统同时获得很好的轨迹跟踪性和操纵稳定性, 并且能够有效的克服参数摄动和外界干扰对系统操作性的影响.     

一类非线性系统的Terminal滑模控制

首先结合Terminal滑模控制的基本思想,即突破以往的线性滑动面,将非线性项引入到滑动面设计中,使得系统处于滑动模态阶段时,状态变量能够在"有限时间内"收敛至平衡点,给出了适用于高阶非线性系统的Terminal滑动面设计方法,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论得出了相应的控制器.进一步考虑系统参数摄动和外界扰动等不确定性因素上界的未知性,用Lyapunov稳定性方法给出了一个带有未知性上界参数估计的自适应Terminal滑模控制器.     

一种新型滑模控制双幂次趋近律

针对滑模控制中传统趋近律存在收敛速度慢、时间长和抖振严重等不足,提出一种利用双幂次趋近律提高系统状态收敛速度的设计方案.该双幂次趋近律无论在远离滑动模态还是在接近滑动模态的空间内均具有快速收敛能力.理论分析表明,该双幂次趋近律具有二阶滑模特性,当系统存在不确定性时,系统状态及其导数可以快速收敛到平衡零点的邻域内.仿真结果表明,双幂次趋近律与传统幂次趋近律、指数趋近律、快速幂次趋近律相比,具有更快的收敛速度和更好的运动品质.     

High order sliding mode control for hybrid vehicle stability

This paper tackles the problem of driving stability for a hybrid vehicle. A rear electric motor has been added to the vehicle driveline and the positive/negative torque generated by this motor affects the driving conditions. The vehicle stability control is addressed using high order sliding modes (HOSMs) control and observation techniques. Two cases are studied: yaw stability and traction control. The proposed controllers preserve the system’s safety under undesirable rear motor effects, at the same time, they cope with vehicle uncertainties. The feasibility of this platform was tested in a vehicle simulator.     

Positive sliding mode control for blood glucose regulation

Biological systems involving positive variables as concentrations are some examples of so-called positive systems. This is the case of the glycemia–insulinemia system considered in this paper. To cope with these physical constraints, it is shown that a positive sliding mode control (SMC) can be designed for glycemia regulation. The largest positive invariant set (PIS) is obtained for the insulinemia subsystem in open and closed loop. The existence of a positive SMC for glycemia regulation is shown here for the first time. Necessary conditions to design the sliding surface and the discontinuity gain are derived to guarantee a positive SMC for the insulin dynamics. SMC is designed to be positive everywhere in the largest closed-loop PIS of plasma insulin system. Two-stage SMC is employed; the last stage SMC2 block uses the glycemia error to design the desired insulin trajectory. Then the plasma insulin state is forced to track the reference via SMC1. The resulting desired insulin trajectory is the required virtual control input of the glycemia system to eliminate blood glucose (BG) error. The positive control is tested in silico on type-1 diabetic patients model derived from real-life clinical data.     

Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode power system stabilizer using Nussbaum gain

Power system stability is enhanced through a novel stabilizer developed around an adaptive fuzzy sliding mode approach which applies the Nussbaum gain to a nonlinear model of a single-machine infinite-bus （SMIB） and multi-machine power system stabilizer subjected to a three phase fault. The Nussbaum gain is used to avoid the positive sign constraint and the problem of controllability of the system. A comparative simulation study is presented to evaluate the achieved performance.     

An output feedback sliding mode control strategy for MIMO systems of arbitrary relative degree

This paper develops an output feedback sliding mode controller for multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) systems of any relative degree. A minimal set of outputs and output derivatives are identified to determine an augmented system which is relative degree 1, and a robust sliding mode differentiator is presented as the means to construct the extended output signal. It is shown that the transmission zeroes of the original plant appear directly in the reduced order sliding mode dynamics relating to the augmented system. A super twisting control algorithm is shown to provide robust control performance. Simulation results for a rationalized helicopter model taken from the literature are used to demonstrate the attraction of the approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

滑模控制和自抗扰控制的研究进展

本文概括了滑模控制和自抗扰控制的研究进展,进一步给出了复合控制的思想.滑模控制和自抗扰控制都有它们各自的优点,但是也都有它们各自的局限,例如:滑模控制中的抖振问题和自抗扰控制中的估计能力受限问题.复合控制结合了滑模控制和自抗扰控制的优点,并能提高闭环系统的性能.     

基于滑模变结构的倒立摆系统稳定控制

利用滑模变结构控制对一级倒立摆系统进行了有效控制.首先对一级倒立摆系统的模型进行线性化处理,再利用滑模变结构控制方法对此模型中摆的镇定、台车位置的调节和系统参数不确定性设计了具体的控制规律,并使用饱和函数的方法抑制系统的抖振.最后在Matlab/Simulink上进行了仿真实验,实验结果说明滑模变结构控制方法是有效的.