Design technology transfer

Design technology and its transfer are defined and their significance stated. The history of design technology (DT) is outlined, noting a recent change in nature. Factors influencing the development and spread of DT are investigated, first by the use of pieces of available research results, and then through analysis of 12 case summaries assembled for the purpose. Hypotheses are advanced regarding the i influence of large ‘front-runner’ companies and, particularly, of companies in the information technology fields. Suggestions are offered to university departments wiching to participate more fully in design technology transfer.     

Identifying and ranking appropriate strategies for effective technology transfer in the automotive industry: Evidence from Iran

The purpose of the present study is developing technology transfer (TT) strategies in the automotive industry by integrating SWOT and AHP models. The statistical population of this research includes experts in technology transfer within the automobile industry, development and renovation organizations, and presidential office of technology. A total of 70 individuals were selected to participate. An open-ended questionnaire was designed for this study to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) in technology transfer in the automobile industry. After analyzing information using the SWOT approach, 6 appropriate strategies were formulated. These strategies were ranked by AHP (analytic hierarchy process) method from first to third. They showed that extending interaction with knowledge-based companies, education and research centers, weighing (0/308), and paying attention to the training of human resources suitable to the required technologies weighing (0/254) and paying attention to environmental issues and sustainable development weighing (0/163).     

A modified common weight model for maximum discrimination in technology selection

This paper provides a modification of a recently developed common weight model for technology selection. The discrimination power of the existing model depends on a discriminating parameter. Although larger values of this parameter can give more discrimination, it should also be small enough to guarantee the existence of at least one efficient DMU. Hence, different values of this parameter should be examined to determine the proper value. In the model proposed here, the largest possible value of the parameter is utilised to maximise the discrimination power, and the existence of an efficient DMU is guaranteed by adding a few constraints. In addition, the paper presents comments on existing models, and the properties and the advantages of the model are explained. The contents of the paper are illustrated by several numerical examples.     

A methodology for selecting a green technology portfolio based on synergy

Green manufacturing (GM) is a kind of modern manufacturing mode with the full consideration of resources consumption and environmental impact. The publication of EMS ISO14000, OHSAS18000, environmental label system and environmental regulations has also promoted the practice of GM in real production to a large extent. In order to help enterprises to effectively implement GM with limited environmental investment, we present a methodology for selecting a green technology portfolio from the perspective of environmental strategy. The enterprise benefits derived from each portfolio, including economic and environmental benefits, are evaluated by six main objectives: cost, quality, time, service, resource consumption, and environmental impact. In addition, the synergies among the different types of technologies in one green technology portfolio are also taken into account. Lastly, an illustrative example provides some insights into the application of this methodology.     

Patent attorney as technology intermediary: A patent attorney-facilitated model of technology transfer in developing countries

Technology transfer (TT) is gaining popularity in the developing countries, but there exist barriers impeding the transfer. Technology intermediaries are believed to be able to mitigate such barriers in the literature, which however seldom considers patent attorneys. We contribute to the extant literature by highlighting that patent attorneys could facilitate TT, particularly in the developing countries (e.g., China). We propose a model to specify how patent attorneys can leverage their expertise and resource to motivate technology players to engage in TT, to identify the potential supply and demand of TT as well as to establish comprehensive IPR protection for TT.     

The innovation incubator,university business incubator and technology transfer strategy: The case of Thailand

This study reviews the role of the innovation incubator and university business incubator (UBI) in supporting the entrepreneurial development in Thailand. The university business incubator (UBI) is defined in this paper as an incubator set up by the university to provide office space, equipment, mentoring services as well as other administrative supports to assist the formation of new ventures). In particular, the paper compares the operation of the university business incubators (UBIs) and technology incubators to understand their technology transfer strategies. The analyses, based on the Triple Helix model, also include the government policies to support innovation commercialization in Thailand. The study examines case studies of leading university business incubators (UBIs) (Mahidol University, Chulalongkorn University and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi) and science and technology incubators of the National Science and Technology Agency (NSTDA) and the National Innovation Agency (NIA). The results have shown that the incubation program is one of the major policy mechanisms to support innovation and suggested that UBIs should act as an intermediary between the spheres of university and industry to provide interactive linkages and promote effective utilization of university research. The empirical study provides insightful implications on the move towards the entrepreneurial university and the dynamics of the Triple Helix system in stimulating innovation development and diffusion.     

Partner selection model for design chain collaboration

Due to increasing global competition and shorter new product life cycles, brand owners collaborate more often with design chain partners to bring a new product to market. This paper proposes a design partner selection model to minimise the overall design chain cost, taking into account communication cost, time-to-market, and quality. The model can be formulated as a stagecoach problem. Next, a dynamic programming algorithm is developed for this model to select the optimal partners through the design chain. Finally, a numerical example and a sensitivity analysis are presented. The results also reveal that design quality and manufacturing quality positively influence the total cost, and when brand owners need to speed up time-to-market to keep up with a competitor, the design quality will become less important.     

A technology selection framework for integrating manufacturing within a supply chain

This paper describes a structured analytical approach for selecting a manufacturing technology. A framework consisting of six integrated steps is proposed by considering the growing importance of supply chains in manufacturing organisations. The framework makes use of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach combined with strategic assessment model (SAM) to evaluate and select the technologies appropriate for providing overall competitive advantage. The framework is intended to assist industrial managers in promoting manufacturing and supply chain collaboration and co-ordination by including intra-organisational perspective in their organisational technology selection decision making process.     

基于性能的桥梁抗震设计中考虑持时的实际地震波优化选择方法

在基于性能的桥梁抗震设计(PBSD)中,是否考虑持时的效应会显著影响到分析结果的精确性。为了将持时与幅值、频谱的影响进行解耦,选择多组匹配同一目标谱的实际地震波和人工波,并使各组地震波的5-95%显著持时服从不同的概率分布,对一座钢筋混凝土连续梁桥进行IDA分析。对比持时与桥梁结构地震需求的相关性表明:持时的均值、离散度及其概率分布对于位移工程需求参数(EDP)影响较小,但对能量EDP以及包含能量项的疲劳破坏和累积损伤参数的概率预计(均值)、离散度及其概率分布影响显著。因此,在PBSD中如采用能量EDP,则必须考虑到所选地震波的持时均值、离散度及其概率分布均要符合工程场地实际的地震危险性。在此基础上,针对基于全概率理论的PBSD,提出一种能够考虑持时均值、离散度及其概率分布影响的实际地震波优化选择方法,能够显著提高分析结果的精确性和计算效率。     

考虑协作方双重身份的数据协作下载激励机制

研究了移动无线网络数据的协作下载。为了鼓励资源有限的移动用户参与协作下载,针对多任务数据下载场景,利用协作用户既可作数据出售者也可作数据请求用户的合作者的双重身份,同时考虑协作用户差异化的服务质量,基于拍卖理论设计了一种新颖的数据协作下载激励机制,该机制能够激励并选择合适的协作用户完成数据下载任务。仿真实验表明,这种激励机制的性能优于忽略协作用户双重身份的激励机制,有效提高了协作用户的服务质量、请求用户获得的效用和社会福利。     

A supply chain transparency and sustainability technology appraisal model for blockchain technology

Blockchain technology is a technology that can effectively support supply chain transparency. An important initial managerial activity is for organisations in supply chains to evaluate and select the most suitable blockchain technology. However, uncertainty and emphasis on sustainable transparency has made this appraisal more complex. This paper: (1) introduces blockchain technology performance measures incorporating various sustainable supply chain transparency and technical attributes; and (2) introduces a new hybrid group decision method, integrated hesitant fuzzy set and regret theory, for blockchain technology evaluation and selection. This method emphasises decision maker psychological characteristics and variation in decision maker opinions. An illustrative application and sensitivity analysis is introduced to aid supply chain managers and researchers understand the blockchain technology selection decision. Methodological and managerial implications associated with the decision tool and application are introduced. This research sets the foundation for significant future research in blockchain technologies evaluation in a supply chain environment.     

Exploring behavioural intentions toward smart healthcare services among medical practitioners: a technology transfer perspective

Recently, a variety of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven smart healthcare services are rapidly emerging in the medical market, such as intelligent image analysis, surgical navigation systems, and aided diagnosis. However, one of the major challenges is practitioners’ hesitation and unwillingness to employ these new technologies in medical practice. This study focuses on identifying the influential factors of adoption intention of smart healthcare services for both clinicians and non-clinicians from the perspective of technology transfer. Through collecting 484 questionnaire data from doctors in Anhui, China, we find support to show that perceived usefulness (PU), attitude, and the experience of using mHealth are key factors that influence both clinicians and non-clinician’s adoption intention. Meanwhile, it is confirmed that subjective norm has a positive effect on only clinicians’ behavioural intention (BI) while perceived risk (PR) has a negative impact on only non-clinicians’ attitude. Among all the constructs, the experience of using mHealth has the strongest positive effect on doctors’ adoption intention on smart healthcare services, a positive impact on the PU and perceived ease of use, and a negative impact on the PR. This study provides an improved understanding of doctors’ BI of smart healthcare services, and practice guidance for product development and marketing strategies.     

A cold model study of mass transfer in Q-BOP

At steel-making temperature, chemical kinetics can rarely be the rate-limiting step. Thus most of the reactions are limited by the rate of mass transfer to and from the reaction interface. The overall rate of mass transfer may be controlled by gas phase mass transfer or liquid phase mass transfer. Since in Q-BOP, the rate of reaction may be controlled by the rate of mass transfer in gas phase or in liquid phase, both were studied in a cold model. The different variables studied were tuyere diameter, jet direction, flow rate of gas and tuyere depth. The results of gas phase mass transfer indicate that the effect of tuyere diameter and jet direction is very small. For Reynolds number less than 9000 the effect of flow rate and tuyere depth is given by the equation,K _g A/L ₀ Q = 0·02d ₀ + 0·043, whereas for Reynolds number greater than 9000 the effect of flow rate and tuyere depth is given by the equation,K _g A/L ₀ Q=0·061d ₀+0·046. Similarly the liquid phase mass transfer coefficient is independent of the tuyere diameter and the shrouding gas, and is not much affected by the jet direction. The effect of gas flow rate and tuyere depth is given by the equation,K _L A=0·077 (Q)^0·75(L ₀)^0·61.     

离子膜传质机理的研究评述

介绍近期有关离子膜传质机理方面的主要研究思路,包括采用不可逆热力学观点、三通道模型、毛细孔流模型以及“吸附-溶解”模式下的理论分析和实验研究情况,并对其结果进行评述．     

A method for selecting macro-scale structures with axially loaded members

This paper presents a method to support the selection of lightweight large-scale structures. The method enables the ranking of alternative structural forms, whose axially loaded members can resist to either instability failure or material yield. Unlike previous approaches for concept design, this work models buckling failure to assess the interaction between the choice of a structural form and the choice of the cross-section shapes of its constituents. Shape transformers and scaling factors are introduced to characterize the structural efficiency of alternative cross-sectional shapes. Such parameters are dimensionless and enable to measure the shape efficiency without specifying the details of the cross-section geometry. The approach eases optimization at the concept design stage and it permits to assess how the selection of the member cross-sections impacts the lightweight potential of the structural topology. The model is used to construct charts for optimizing and selecting alternative forms. The method is applied in an industrial setting in order to compare three different structural concepts for a particular design application. The case study identified the potential performance of three structural forms and gave insight into the selection of the parameters that most influence structural performance.     

注意力机制对生成对抗网络语音增强迁移学习模型的影响

基于深度学习的语音增强模型对训练集外语言语音和噪声进行降噪时,性能明显下降.为了解决这一问题,提出一种引入注意力机制的生成对抗网络(Generative Adversarial Network,GAN)语音增强迁移学习模型.在生成对抗语音增强模型的判别模型中引入注意力机制,以高资源场景下的大量语音数据训练得到的语音增强...     

计量仪器的远程量值传递与溯源技术探讨

传统的量值传递与溯源方式存在两个问题,一是必须离线方式进行,把工作用计量器具定期拆下来,送到相应技术机构,在规定的实验环境下进行检定或校准,影响正常生产进程,二是都属于静态或稳态测试过程,只能获得参比工作条件下仪器的基本误差,不能获得现场应用中的附加误差.仪器物联网技术的发展使人们看到解决这两个问题的希望,如果能够利用...     

Comparing the lens displacement profile data by using the sequential approach for selecting alternative suppliers

The lens module is a critical part of the camera module. The quality of the lens module significantly influences the auto-focus and image stability functions of the camera module. A new approach that uses sequential tests is proposed to select the alternative suppliers that provide the qualified parts as the current supplier under the linear profile data. Having several qualified alternative suppliers can reduce the dependency on one supplier, improve bargaining power, and reduce capacity risk. The lens displacement that has a linear relationship with current is the quality characteristic for evaluating the lens module suppliers. To select the qualified alternative suppliers, the proposed sequential approach tests the profile difference between the current supplier and the investigated suppliers. The simulation results show that the power of the sequential approach is higher than the simultaneous confidence bands method in differentiating profiles. Last, the proposed approach is effectively applied to select the qualified alternative lens module suppliers for the camera module manufacturer. Procuring the lens module from the selected suppliers can maintain production quality and flexibility for the camera module manufacturer in practice.     

基于接入选择和业务转移的异构网络动态负载均衡机制

为了提高异构网络系统的整体性能,提出了一种基于接入选择和业务转移的动态负载均衡机制。给出了接入选择问题的优化模型,通过求解模型得到了最优接入选择方案,根据接入选择方案把接入任务均衡地分配到各个基站小区中。为了削弱热点小区突发性业务对系统负载均衡性的破坏,给出了基于基站负载率阈值的业务转移方案。仿真实验结果表明,提出的动态负载均衡方案在接入阻塞率、切换掉线率、负载均衡性、系统利用率4个指标上的表现均优于已有文献报道的方案,具有较好的应用价值。