AlN缓冲层厚度对脉冲激光沉积技术生长的GaN薄膜性能的影响

在蓝宝石(Al2O3)衬底上应用脉冲激光沉积技术(PLD)生长不同厚度的AlN缓冲层后进行GaN薄膜外延生长。采用高分辨X射线衍射仪(HRXRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对外延生长所得GaN薄膜的晶体质量和表面形貌进行了表征。测试结果表明:相比直接在Al2O3衬底上生长的GaN薄膜,通过生长AlN缓冲层的GaN薄膜虽然晶体质量较差,但表面较平整;而且随着AlN缓冲层厚度的增加,GaN薄膜的晶体质量和表面平整度均逐渐提高。可见,AlN缓冲层厚度对在Al2O3衬底上外延生长GaN薄膜的晶体质量和表面形貌有着重要的影响。     

预辅Al及AlN缓冲层厚度对GaN/Si(111)材料特性的影响

主要研究了采用高温AlN缓冲层外延生长GaN/Si(111)材料的工艺技术。利用高分辨X射线双晶衍射(HRXRD)分析研究了GaN/Si(111)样品外延层的应变状态和晶体质量,通过原子力显微镜(AFM)分析研究了不同厚度的高温AlN缓冲层对GaN外延层的表面形貌的影响。实验结果表明,AlN缓冲层生长前预通三甲基铝(TMAl)的时间、AlN缓冲层的厚度对GaN外延层的应变状态、外延层的晶体质量以及表面形貌都有显著影响。得到最优的预辅Al时间为10s,AlN缓冲层的厚度为40nm。在此条件下外延生长的GaN样品(厚度约为1μm)表面形貌较好,X射线衍射(XRD)双晶摇摆曲线半峰全宽(FWHM)(0002)面和(10-12)面分别为452″和722″。     

在复合衬底γ-Al2O3/Si(001)上生长GaN

采用分子束外延(MBE)生长方法,使用γ-Al2O3材料作为新型过渡层,在Si(∞1)衬底上获得了没有裂纹的GaN外延层,实验结果表明使用γ-Al2O3过渡层有效地缓解了外延层中的应力.通过生长并测试分析几种不同结构的外延材料,研究了复合衬底γ-Al2O3/Si(001)生长GaN情况,得到了六方相GaN单晶材料,实现了GaN c面生长.预铺薄层Al及高温AlN层可以提高GaN晶体质量,低温AlN缓冲层可以改善GaN表面的粗糙度.为解决Si(001)衬底上GaN的生长问题提供了有益的探索.     

在复合衬底γ-Al2O3/Si(001)上生长GaN

采用分子束外延(MBE)生长方法,使用γ-Al2O3材料作为新型过渡层,在Si(∞1)衬底上获得了没有裂纹的GaN外延层,实验结果表明使用γ-Al2O3过渡层有效地缓解了外延层中的应力.通过生长并测试分析几种不同结构的外延材料,研究了复合衬底γ-Al2O3/Si(001)生长GaN情况,得到了六方相GaN单晶材料,实现了GaN c面生长.预铺薄层Al及高温AlN层可以提高GaN晶体质量,低温AlN缓冲层可以改善GaN表面的粗糙度.为解决Si(001)衬底上GaN的生长问题提供了有益的探索.     

蓝宝石图形衬底上利用AlN缓冲层生长高质量GaN

在图形化衬底上以AlN作为缓冲层生长高质量的GaN薄膜,国内相关的报道较少。通过引入两步缓冲层生长方法,在蓝宝石图形衬底上生长基于AlN缓冲层的高质量GaN薄膜,利用低温AlN层生长时内部的缺陷,选择性进行腐蚀,形成衬底与外延层界面间的侧向倒斜角,提高光萃取效率;同时在其上继续生长高温AlN,为后续GaN薄膜提供高质量模板。从外延角度出发,以表面形貌及其上生长的GaN薄膜的晶体质量为衡量依据,优化了低温AlN缓冲层以及高温AlN缓冲层的生长参数,优化后LED样品在20 mA测试电流下的光输出功率较参考样品提升了4%。     

6H-SiC衬底上采用不同厚度AlN缓冲层对GaN外延层的影响

采用不同厚度AlN作为缓冲层在6H-SiC衬底上生长了GaN外延层,并利用X射线衍射,拉曼散射和透射电子显微镜等对GaN性质进行了研究。AlN缓冲层的应变状态对GaN的晶体质量和表面形貌有很大影响。较厚的AlN缓冲层会导致GaN表面出现裂纹,而太薄的AlN缓冲层会导致GaN层较高的位错密度,从而恶化器件性能。分析了GaN产生裂纹和高位错密度的机制,并采用较优厚度（100nm）的AlN缓冲层生长出高质量的GaN外延层。     

插入δAl/AlN缓冲层在Si(111)上生长GaN

采用MOCVD(metal organic chemical vapor deposition)生长方法,对比在AlN层上加入δAl/AlN缓冲层和不加入δAl/AlN缓冲层两种生长结构,在Si(111)衬底上生长GaN.实验结果表明,在加入δAl/AlN缓冲层后,GaN外延层的裂纹密度得到了有效的降低,晶体质量也得到了明显的提高.通过MOCVD生长方法,利用光学显微镜、XRD和Raman等分析测试手段,研究了δAl/AlN缓冲层对GaN外延层的影响,获得了裂纹密度小、晶体质量高的GaN材料.     

插入δAl/AlN缓冲层在Si(111)上生长GaN

采用MOCVD(metal organic chemical vapor deposition)生长方法,对比在AlN层上加入δAl/AlN缓冲层和不加入δAl/AlN缓冲层两种生长结构,在Si(111)衬底上生长GaN.实验结果表明,在加入δAl/AlN缓冲层后,GaN外延层的裂纹密度得到了有效的降低,晶体质量也得到了明显的提高.通过MOCVD生长方法,利用光学显微镜、XRD和Raman等分析测试手段,研究了δAl/AlN缓冲层对GaN外延层的影响,获得了裂纹密度小、晶体质量高的GaN材料.     

ZnO缓冲层的厚度对HVPE-GaN外延层的影响

为了得到高质量的GaN材料,首先在c面蓝宝石(Al2O3)衬底上射频磁控溅射不同厚度的ZnO缓冲层,然后采用氢化物气相外延(HVPE)法在ZnO缓冲层上生长约5.2μm厚的GaN外延层,研究ZnO缓冲层的厚度对GaN外延层质量的影响。用微分干涉显微镜(DIC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和光致发光(PL)技术研究分析了GaN外延层的表面形貌、结晶质量和光学特性。结果表明,ZnO缓冲层的厚度对GaN外延层的特性有着重要的影响,200 nm厚的ZnO缓冲层最有利于高质量GaN外延层的生长。     

100mm直径硅衬底上MOCVD外延生长无裂纹GaN

为实现在100 mm直径硅衬底上金属有机物化学气相外延(MOCVD)生长无裂纹GaN,系统研究了预铺铝时间参数对AlN成核质量的影响、不同厚度条件下AlN层对GaN生长的影响以及Al组分渐变的AlGaN缓冲层对GaN裂纹抑制的效果。实验结果表明,适当的预铺铝时间可以显著提高AlN成核层晶体质量,合理的AlN层厚度有助于上层GaN的生长,AlN与GaN之间AlGaN缓冲层的引入可以有效抑制GaN裂纹的产生。最后,采用高分辨率X射线衍射(HRXRD)测试了MOCVD外延生长的无裂纹GaN材料,得到AlN(002)面、GaN(002)面和GaN(102)面的衍射峰半峰宽(FWHM)分别为1 382,550和746 arcsec。     

Structural and optical characterization of GaN grown on porous silicon substrate by MOVPE

GaN was grown on porous silicon (PS) substrates by Metalorganic Vapour Phase Epitaxy at temperature of 1050 °C. An additional AlN buffer layer is used between GaN and PS. The crystalline quality and surface morphology of GaN films were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. Preferential growth of hexagonal GaN with 〈00.1〉 direction is observed and is clearly improved when the thickness of AlN buffer layer increases. Morphological changes in PS layer appearing after growth have been also discussed.GaN optical qualities were determined by photoluminescence at low and room temperature (RT).     

Investigations of GaN growth on the sapphire substrate by MOCVD method with different AlN buffer deposition temperatures

The effects of different AlN buffer deposition temperatures on the GaN material properties grown on sapphire substrate was investigated. At relatively higher AlN buffer growth temperature, the surface morphology of subsequent grown GaN layer was decorated with island-like structure and revealed the mixed-polarity characteristics. In addition, the density of screw TD and leakage current in the GaN film was also increased. The occurrence of mixed-polarity GaN material result could be from unintentional nitridation of the sapphire substrate by ammonia (NH₃) precursor at the beginning of the AlN buffer layer growth. By using two-step temperature growth process for the buffer layer, the unintentional nitridation could be effectively suppressed. The GaN film grown on this buffer layer exhibited a smooth surface, single polarity, high crystalline quality and high resistivity. AlGaN/GaN high electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) devices were also successfully fabricated by using the two-step AlN buffer layer.     

Influence of AlN buffer layer thickness on the properties of GaN epilayer on Si(1 1 1) by MOCVD

The effect of thickness of the high-temperature (HT) AlN buffer layer on the properties of GaN grown on Si(1 1 1) has been investigated. Optical microscopy (OM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are employed to characterize these samples grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The results demonstrate that the morphology and crystalline properties of the GaN epilayer strongly depend on the thickness of HT AlN buffer layer, and the optimized thickness of the HT AlN buffer layer is about 110 nm. Together with the low-temperature (LT) AlN interlayer, high-quality GaN epilayer with low crack density can be obtained.     

Effect of AlN buffer layer thickness on the properties of GaN films grown by pulsed laser deposition

The GaN films are grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on sapphire, AlN(30 nm)/Al₂O₃ and AlN(150 nm)/Al₂O₃, respectively. The effect of AlN buffer layer thickness on the properties of GaN films grown by PLD is investigated systematically. The characterizations reveal that as AlN buffer layer thickness increases, the surface root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of GaN film decreases from 11.5 nm to 2.3 nm, while the FWHM value of GaN film rises up from 20.28 arcmin to 84.6 arcmin and then drops to 31.8 arcmin. These results are different from the GaN films deposited by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) with AlN buffer layers, which shows the improvement of crystalline qualities and surface morphologies with the thickening of AlN buffer layer. The mechanism of the effect of AlN buffer layer on the growth of GaN films by PLD is hence proposed.     

利用平片蓝宝石衬底制备高功率垂直结构LED

在平片蓝宝石衬底上,通过引入AlN缓冲层,优化成核层与粗糙层的生长条件,生长出了表面平整的GaN薄膜,晶体质量得到显著提升。通过引入AlN缓冲层,将X射线衍射(XRD)下样品(002)面的半高宽(FWHM)由232″降低至148″;通过减薄成核层厚度、提升粗糙层生长压力,将样品(102)面和(100)面的FWHM分别由243″和283″降低至169″和221″。研究了不同成核层和粗糙层的生长参数对GaN薄膜表面形貌的影响,随着(102)面和(100)面FWHM的降低,表面平整度亦得到改善,粗糙度由约3.8 nm下降到约1.6 nm。利用优化后的底层条件生长了高质量GaN薄膜,在3.5 A/mm^2电流密度下,与参考样品相比,制备出的LED样品的光输出功率由863 mW提升至942 mW,提升了约9%。     

间歇供氨高温AlN缓冲层对AlGaN/GaN异质结的影响

研究了以间歇供氨的方法直接高温生长的氮化铝为缓冲层的AlGaN/GaN材料,高温氮化铝的应用可以有效的提高晶体质量和表面形貌,并且二维电子气的浓度和迁移率也得到改善。     

引入GaN过渡层对Si（111）衬底上生长GaN外延的影响

本文研究了在Si(111)衬底上生长GaN外延层的方法。相比于直接在AlN缓冲层上生长GaN外延层,引入GaN过渡层显著地提高了外延层的晶体质量并降低了外延层的裂纹密度。使用X射线双晶衍射仪、光学显微镜以及在位监测曲线分析了GaN过渡层对外延层的晶体质量以及裂纹密度的影响。实验发现,直接在AlN缓冲层上生长外延层,晶体质量较差, X射线(0002)面半高宽最优值为0.686°,引入GaN过渡层后,通过调整生长条件,控制岛的长大与合并的过程,从而控制三维生长到二维生长过渡的过程,外延层的晶体质量明显提高, (0002)面半高宽降低为0.206°,并且裂纹明显减少。研究结果证明,通过生长合适厚度的GaN过渡层,可以得到高质量、无裂纹的GaN外延层。     

Growth of thick gan films on rf sputtered ain buffer layer by hydride vapor phase epitaxy

High crystalline quality thick GaN films were grown by vapor phase epitaxy using GaCl₃ and NH₃. The growth rate was in the range of 10~15 Μm/h. GaN films grown at higher temperatures (960~ 1020?C) were single crystalline with smooth surface morphologies. No chlorine impurity was incorporated in these films during growth. The best crystalline quality and surface morphology of grown films was achieved by sputtering a thin A1N buffer layer, prior to growth. According to reflection high energy electron diffraction and atomic force microscopy measurements, as-sputtered A1N buffer layer was amorphous with root means square roughness of 0.395 nm and then crystallized during the GaN growth. This improved the GaN growth due to more uniform distribution of GaN nucleation. Rutherford backscattering channeling experiments produced the lowest value from the GaN film grown on a-Al₂O₃ with a 500å A1N buffer layer at 1020?C.