导电聚苯胺的微乳液聚合

采用微乳液聚合方法合成导电聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）。通过对配方和工艺条件进行筛选,在温度为１５℃、苯胺０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、（ＮＨ４）２Ｓ２Ｏ８０．１２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、ＳＡ有机酸０．２６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的条件下,合成了电导率达９．１Ｓ／ｃｍ的聚苯胺。与传统乳液聚俣相比,微乳液聚合法可大大缩短聚合时间（３ｈ,所得产物的电导率和产率优于采用传统乳液聚合法合成的聚苯胺。并用红外光谱对其结构进行了研究。     

Hemoglobin-biocatalyzed synthesis of conducting molecular complex of polyaniline and lignosulfonate

A new biocatalyst route for the synthesis of a conducting polyaniline （PANI）/ lignosulfonate （LGS） complex was presented.Four different catalysts such as hemoglobin （Hb）,5,10,15,20-tetrakis （meso-hydroxyphenyl） porphyrin,iron （II） tetrasulfophthalocyanine and ferric chloride were used to polymerize aniline in the presence of a natural polyelectrolytes template LGS.The experimental results show that Hb is an effective catalyst in this case and the synthesis is simple,and the conditions are mild in that the polymerization may be carried out in lower pH （1.0-4.0） buffered solution and optimal pH of 2.0.Varying concentrations of aniline,LGS and H2O2 in feed the favorable conditions for the production of PANI were determined.UV-vis absorption,FTIR,elemental analysis,conductivity,cyclic voltammetry and thermogravimetric analyses confirm the formation of thermally stable and electroactive PANI.     

Iron（ Ⅱ ） tetrasulfophthalocyanine mimetic enzymatic synthesis of conducting polyaniline in micellar system

Iron(II) tetrasulfophthalocyanine (FeTSPc), as a novel mimetic enzyme of peroxidase, was used in the synthesis of a conducting polyaniline (PANI)/sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) complex in SDS aqueous micellar solutions. The effects of pH, concentrations of aniline, SDS and H₂O₂, and reaction time on polymerization of aniline were studied in this case as shown by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The results show that a wide range of pH (0.5–4.0) is required to produce the conducting PANI, and the optimal pH is 1.0 in SDS micelle. The optimal concentrations of aniline, SDS and H₂O₂ in feed, and reaction time in this case for the production of conducting PANI are respectively 10 mmol/L, 10 mmol/L, 25 mmol/L, and 15 h. FT-IR spectrum, elemental analysis, conductivity, cyclic voltammetry and thermogravimetric analysis confirm the thermal stability and electroactive form of PANI.     

石墨烯／ZnO／聚苯胺复合材料的制备及其储锂性能的研究

以六水合硝酸锌、石墨及苯胺为原料,采用传统水热一原位聚合两步法首次制备了石墨烯／ZnO／聚苯胺复合材料．通过XRD、SEM、FT—IR、TG等分析方法对产物进行表征,并测试了该复合材料的储锂能力和循环稳定性．实验结果表明：ZnO以纳米棒状结构均匀分布在石墨烯表面,聚苯胺包裹在石墨烯／ZnO的表面形成石墨烯／znO／聚苯胺复合材料．电化学性能测试结果表明：石墨烯的存在可有效提高ZnO的导电性,同时聚苯胺柔性分子链可有效缓冲ZnO在充放电过程中的体积效应,对电极材料的循环稳定性起到了至关重要的作用．     

聚苯胺纳米纤维的界面聚合法合成及电化学电容行为

利用盐酸和四氯化碳的水／油两相界面，通过界面聚合法合成具有良好纳米纤维结构的聚苯胺，用这种聚苯胺纳米纤维为活性物质制备电极，以1mol／LH2SO4水溶液为电解液组装超级电容器，通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等技术研究其电化学电容行为。研究结果表明，合成的聚苯胺的直径为50～100nm，长度为500nm至几微米不等，且纤维之间相互交织缠绕，形成网状形貌；聚苯胺纳米纤维电极材料的功率特性与循环性能优于用传统化学氧化法合成的颗粒状聚苯胺材料的性能，在5mA放电电流下，其比电容可达317F／g，20mA放电电流下比电容仍维持300F／g左右，500次循环容量衰减在4％以内。     

UV-Vis spectra of polyaniline doped with camphor sulfonic acid in different organic solvents

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KIO3掺杂聚苯胺电极材料的制备与性能

采用化学法并通过KlO3和盐酸与苯胺复合掺杂合成掺杂态聚苯胺。用红外光谱和扫描电镜对掺杂态聚苯胺进行了结构形态分析。将掺杂态的聚苯胺混合20％的石墨粉体，制成聚合物复合电极，以锌为负极组成电池，在恒电流条件下进行充放电性能的测试，结果表明，电极开路电位达1．8V，以20mA／cm^2恒电流充电，2mA／cm^2恒电流放电，放电工作平台为1．4V，设定终止电压为1．1V时，可持续放电13h，电池容量较大，结构稳定。     

Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline in magnetic field

Polyaniline was obtained by chemical oxidation in the microemulsion system consisting of aniline, emulsifier, assistant emulsifier and water in magnetic field （0 T, 0.2 T, 0.4 T, 0,6 T）. The effect of magnetic field on the polymerization rate and the inherent viscosity of polyaniline were studied. The molecular structure of polyaniline was characterized by IR spectra and the thermal degradation behavior was assessed using TG techniques. The results show that the polymerization rate, molecular weight, thermal stability and conductivity of the synthesized polyaniline enhanced and no effect on the basic structural units of polyaniline was observed in magnetic field, Within the range of the intensity of magnetic field studied, the magnetic field of 0.4 T exerts the largest influence on polymerization of aniline.     

荧光素掺杂聚苯胺的溶液合成及荧光性质

在水溶液中以(NH4)2S2O8为氧化剂,荧光素为掺杂剂合成了聚苯胺(PAN)掺杂材料;分析了不同氧化剂用量下掺杂材料的红外光谱变化规律;荧光光谱表明掺杂材料的荧光峰是由荧光素结构引起的,并随着氧化剂用量增加荧光强度减弱.     

聚苯胺/金纳米复合材料的合成与表征

采用过硫酸钠为氧化剂制备聚苯胺/金纳米复合材料,通过紫外-可见光谱、X-射线衍射及透射电子显微镜对形成的复合材料进行表征.结果发现,聚苯胺形成了纳米线结构,并且在表面均匀地分布了大量的金纳米粒子,但是形成的复合材料结晶度不高.     

Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of Polyaniline

1　IntroductionConductingpolymerspossessseveralattractivefea turesforusesasthermoelectricmaterialscomparabletotheinorganicsemiconductor .Theyarecheap ,light weight,andflexible ,especiallyforpolyanilinewhichisairstableandeasytobesynthesized .However ,manyofresearchesonconductingpolymerssofarhavebeencarriedoutaim ingtoobtainahigherelectricalconductivity ,whichisnotthebeststateforthermoelectricapplication .Thereareonlyfewstudiesthathavereportedconductingpolymersusedasthermoelectricmaterials[1,2 ]…     

丙烯酸酯共聚物/聚苯胺复合膜的制备及性能研究

本文以甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸丁酯共聚物P(MMA-co-BA)乳液为基体,采用原位乳液聚合法制备了透明导电丙烯酸酯共聚物/聚苯胺(P(MMA-co-BA)/PANI)复合膜,对苯胺聚合工艺中引发剂的用量进行了探讨.使用紫外可见分光光度计对复合膜的透光性进行了分析,研究表明苯胺聚合工艺中引发剂用量为1.61%时,复合膜的可见光透过率较佳,当引发剂用量过大时,使复合膜的可见光透过率下降,同时使复合膜的耐水性变差.使用高阻抗测量仪和热重分析仪对复合膜的表面电阻及热稳定性进行了研究,使用傅立叶红外分光光度计、扫描电子显微镜对P(MMA-co-BA)/PANI复合膜的结构进行了表征.     

Characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesized in activated sludge using three carbon sources

Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs) were synthesized in activated sludge using three types of carbon sources (sodium acetate,sodium propionate and sodium butyrate), and their characterization were studied. It was shown that the content of PHA synthesized by microorganisms in activated sludge were different. The biggest synthetic amount up to 36.7% of VSS was obtained when sodium acetate was used as carbon source. The polymer yield was lower when using sodium propionate as the carbon source than when using others, with 25.1% of VSS, while resulted in an increase of hydroxyvalerate(HV) units produced. The structure and thermal properties of extracted biopolymers were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and themo-gravimetry (TG).     

导电聚苯胺/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合膜的合成及特征

采用原位氧化聚合法合成了聚苯胺(PAn)／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)复合材料．通过溶液浇铸的方法制成了性能优良的可溶性导电自支撑膜，电导率达10^-2S／cm；考察了各种反应条件对复合膜电导率的影响，获得了最佳的聚合反应条件，并进行了环境稳定性测试，其循环伏安曲线表明聚苯胺具有稳定的电化学活性，元素分析结果表明复合的聚苯胺存在一饱和值，超过饱和值，提高聚苯胺的含量对电导率影响不大，并对复合膜进行了红外光谱测试．     

Electrorheological Particles Composed of Polyaniline Core and BaTiO3 Layer Shell

Composite particles consisting of polyaniline(Pan )core and barium titanate(BaTiO3) layer shell were synthesized. The PAn-BaTiO3 composites particles were characterized with TEM and XRD. The dielectric behavior of particles was tested and the electrorheological (ER) behavior of the suspensions of PAn/BaTiO3 parti-cles in chlorinated paraffin oil with a 20vol% was investigated under DC electric field.The results show that the ER effect of composite particle is far stronger than that of pure polyaniline and barium titanate which were synthe-sized by the same methed. PH and thickness of BaTiO3 have an important influence on the ER effects.     

磁场作用对苯胺聚合行为及产物性能的影响

在不同强度磁场作用下,采用苯胺／乳化剂／助乳化剂／水四元微乳液体系,经化学氧化制备聚苯胺。研究磁场对苯胺聚合反应速度、聚苯胺相对分子质量及其电导率的影响,并利用红外光谱对聚苯胺的分子结构进行表征。研究结果表明,磁场作用能够加快反应速度,提高聚苯胺的相对分子质量和电导率,对聚苯胺基本单元结构没有影响;在所研究的磁感应强度范围内,0．4T的磁场对苯胺聚合反应影响最为显著,能使聚合反应时间由4h缩短到1h,特性黏度由53．4mL／g提高到72．6mL／g,电导率提高近1倍。     

聚苯胺修饰碳电极电容性能研究

聚苯胺修饰活性炭(PANI C)电极既可以利用活性炭的双层电容又可利用聚苯胺的准电容,因此能够提高电极的比电容.采用循环伏安法在活性炭电极表面合成聚苯胺,并采用循环伏安、恒流充放电、交流阻抗等方法研究了PANI C电极的电容特性.结果表明,在1mol·L-1硫酸溶液中PANI C电极呈现较好的电容性质,比电容从碳电极的82F·g-1提高到175F·g-1;PANI C电极和碳电极组成的单体电容器比电容可达30.7F·g-1,充放电循环过程中电容器的电容值会逐渐衰减;将PANI C电极作为负极使用,可将电化学窗口由0.6V扩展至1V.     

聚苯胺的聚合反应条件对其成膜性的影响

以化学方法水溶液合成聚苯胺,用相转化法制备聚苯胺富氧膜,系统地研究了各种聚合反应条件对聚苯胺的分子量、成膜性的影响．结果表明：在盐酸介质中,当酸浓度为3mol／m3、氧化剂与单体苯胺的摩尔比为0.5、聚合反应温度为0℃、聚合反应时间为4h时,所合成的聚苯胺分子量适中且成膜性好．     

聚苯胺／氟碳乳液复合涂层的防腐蚀性能

以聚苯乙烯磺酸（PSSA）为掺杂剂,制备水性聚苯胺（PANI）-蒙脱土（MMT）复合材料,再以水性氟碳乳液（FC）为成膜物,制备水分散体PANIL氟碳乳液复合涂层材料用于A3钢的防腐蚀。利用平衡开路电位（OCP）、电化学交流阻抗谱（EIS）、Tafel曲线考察了掺杂剂和蒙脱土对防腐蚀性能的影响。XRD结果表明PANI—MMT复合材料中的蒙脱土以片层剥离状态存在;当n（PSSA）：n（An）=1．5：1和m（An）：m（MMT）=1：2．5时,复合涂层具有较高的阻抗,显著提高了金属的腐蚀电位（-0．75V）,降低了金属的腐蚀电流密度（10^-7.5A／cm^2）。