当前城市与区域规划问题的几点思考

提出全球化背景下 ,需要深入研究和思考全球市场与中国区域经济实际相结合的城镇体系结构 ;对目前开展的各类城市区域规划和城市总体规划之间存在的矛盾进行了分析 ,提出目前城市区域规划需要研究和思考的问题 ;提出城市规划应注意吸取经济社会发展规划的成果 ,以满足城市社会经济发展的需要。     

城市给排水规划编制小议

阐述了制订城市给排水规划时必须正确把握和处理好的三大问题 ,指出应通过科学规划、合理布局、综合治理等手段 ,系统而全面的统筹、协调各项水问题 ,达到合理调控水资源 ,改善水环境 ,防治水灾害的目的     

城市规划各阶段中的区域规划研究

根据国民经济计划和当地的自然资源条件,指出区域规划要有计划地、均衡地配置,合理地分布城镇,密切城乡关系,从而保证城市的长远发展有一个正确的方向和遵循的途径。     

Moving urban water infrastructure asset management from science into practice

iGPI, the National Initiative for Infrastructure Asset Management is a Portuguese collaborative project led by LNEC (National Civil Engineering Laboratory, Portugal) through which 19 water utilities develop their own infrastructure asset management (IAM) systems and plans in a joint training and capacitation programme. Technical assistance to the participating utilities is ensured by LNEC, IST (Technical University of Lisbon) and Addition, a software development company. The water utilities get collective as well as one-on-one support and specific training. They benefit from networking with the other utilities in a common and simultaneous process, with similar difficulties and challenges, leading to an effective sharing of solutions. The developed products, including training materials, templates and guidelines for developing strategic and tactical IAM plans, are available to the general public. This project has greatly contributed to the establishment of reference methodologies and standards for IAM planning, in a range of utilities of widely diverse size and context, effectively defining an accepted best practice. This paper discusses the project's format and its advantages, and goes on to describe the main outcomes, including selected cases and final products.     

城市水系统规划存在问题及解决对策初探

列出了目前城市水系统规划存在的问题并对其根本原因进行了分析;提出了从城市健康水循环和水资源持续利用的角度来构建新的城市水系统,可有效地协调城市流域的用水问题;同时针对新城市水系统规划需要研究的内容和急需解决的问题进行了初步探讨,为城市水安全提供一个可靠的保障。     

Smart meter enabled disaggregation of urban peak water demand: precursor to effective urban water planning

The implementation of a smart water metering system in Hervey Bay in 2006–2007 allowed the local water utility to record the hourly water consumption of all its customers. This data availability has enabled a large scale research project to proceed with the aim to disaggregate peak hour, peak day and peak month demand in the water distribution network into primary indoor usage (e.g. shower, washing machine, etc.) and irrigation components. Such information can guide the development of alternative tariff structures and other demand management initiatives aimed at reducing peak demand. This paper details results of the analyis of average hour, peak hour, peak day and peak month consumption data of 2884 residential customers selected from four District Metered Areas (DMAs) located in the city of Hervey Bay in Queensland, Australia.     

沿海城市水资源战略规划与探讨

针对沿海城市缺水的特征,以广东湛江市东海岛分区规划为例,分析了水资源存在的问题,对城市的用水量进行了预测,提出了沿海城市水资源的战略规划,以满足沿海城市发展的用水要求。     

管网水力模型在城市供水规划中的应用

以中国某丘陵城市为例,提出了基于MIKE URBAN构建的供水管网水力模型,并将其应用于该城市的供水规划分析,对不同规划方案进行评估,为该城市的供水规划设计提供了科学依据。     

镇区给水工程规划中用水量指标探析

结合《镇规划标准》与规划工作实践,针对现阶段镇区供水规划中存在的问题,对小城镇给水工程规划进行系统分析,重点探析镇给水工程规划需水量预测中用水指标的确定,以供参考。     

Victoria's Kennett government: Its impact on urban and regional planning

Each of our three contributors feels that the 1990s Kennett government massively changed the way that planning is performed within Victoria. Michael Buxton argues that the planning system we have had since this era is worse than the system it replaced. Trevor Budge then shows how the Kennett initiatives damaged the rural electorate's trust of conservative parties, driving regional Victoria closer towards alternative parties and independent members. Finally, Ray Boyle explains how the sacking of so many local government planners caused a huge loss of corporate memory within the sector. These are important lessons that all readers should at least consider.     

邯郸市城市生态水网工程的规划研究

针对城市水环境质量在城市生态环境中的重要性,论述了城市水资源循环模式,以邯郸市城市生态水网工程为例,分析了目前生态水环境存在的问题,并探讨了北方城市水环境的规划、修复和生态利用.     

Impact of operating rules on planning capacity expansion of urban water supply systems

ABSTRACT

Water utilities often rely on industrial water supply (e.g. desalination) to complement natural resources. These climate-independent sources of supply allow operators to respond quickly to varying operating conditions, but require them to choose operating strategies, or rules. How does such operational flexibility impact the performance of water supply systems? How might it affect long-term plans for capacity expansion? Possibly significantly, as demonstrated by the analysis of a water supply system based on Singapore. First, we simulate the dynamics of the system under multiple rainfall and operating scenarios to understand the extent to which the operators’ behavior affect system performance. Results show that different operating rules can have comparable impact on the variability in system performance as hydrological conditions. Then, we show that small changes in the operating rules can lead to substantial changes in the capacity expansions, such as the size of a new desalination plant.     

论城市规划发展与管理

对城市规划的基础理论进行了比较深入和系统的研究,对城市规划科学研究的领域、原则、管理及其发展方向作出了具体的阐述,以期指导实践,促进城市规划的发展。     

Developing an integrated water management strategy to overcome conflicts between urban growth, water infrastructure and environmental quality: a case study from Ashford, Kent

Ashford, in East Kent, is a government‐designated growth area. Between 2001 and 2031, the town is set to grow by 31 000 homes and 28 000 jobs, almost doubling in size. This raises numerous concerns about the ability of the local water infrastructure and Kentish Stour catchment to accept this pressure in the short and long term. The Ashford integrated water management study (AIWMS) set out to address all the issues around water quality, water resources, biodiversity and flood risk to allow Ashford's growth to occur without unacceptable environmental damage. The study reviewed current problems with the water environment, established the key constraints to growth that might arise from the proposed development and identified water management strategies to accommodate Ashford's expansion. The paper reviews the integration methodology that was developed and discusses the lessons learned from the experience.     

从大庆市生态供水规划谈水资源的综合利用

结合大庆市生态系统供水规划,对大庆市水资源状况及农、林、渔、牧业发展用水情况进行了介绍,并详细论述了生态发展与水资源的关系。对大庆市生态建设中各行业用水量进行了预测,并根据水资源情况对大庆市供水水源进行了科学的规划和合理调配。强调大庆市由资源型城市向多元化生态型城市转变时,水资源的综合利用十分重要。     

城市规划管理单元规划编制探析

分析了规划控制面临的问题,结合台州市城市规划管理单元编制过程中的实际情况,探讨了规划管理单元编制的一些基本内容,指出城市规划的制定要注重规划体系的完善以及实施性规划和开发控制体系的衔接。     

城市水资源优化配置模型研究

结合某市新区发展特性,建立了城市分质供水水资源优化配置数学模型,对新区中水、雨水与自来水等水资源进行了优化配置仿真计算.结果表明,水资源的综合优化配置有利于社会经济的协调发展,实现水资源的可持续利用,具有良好的经济、社会和环境效益.     

Estimating irrigation water demand for green spaces in humid areas: seeking a sustainable water management strategy

Quantifying the irrigation water demand of green spaces (IWDG) is an important part of smart urban water management. However, the IWDG in humid cites is not well characterized. Moreover, the alteration of natural hydrological processes caused by urbanization leading to the dependence of green spaces on irrigation is becoming more common. To better understand the IWDG in humid areas, we developed an estimation model and used the Yangtze River Delta in China as a case study. Results showed that the amount of water required by the green spaces in the Yangtze River Delta was approximately 354 × 10⁶ m³, which was equivalent to 12% of the urban residential water consumption in 2011. This study also investigated the spatial-temporal changes of urban green spaces and estimated their effects on irrigation water demand. These findings provide policymakers an integrated view of the water demand of green spaces associated with sustainable management.     

Sanitation planning for squatter settlements as urban water management in Mumbai

In spite of initiatives by developing countries and the United Nations, basic sanitation is still a dream for millions. This need for capacity-building has inspired our work to scientifically determine actual-demand and indicate locations for new toilets. We took data relating to 8417 toilet-blocks in Mumbai and investigated future sanitation (latrine/toilet) development in all city-wards using a combined demand-centric and geospatial approach. We found lacunae in the present sanitation scenario, where some wards need many more toilet-blocks (600–746) than have been provisioned. Certain wards require more than 100% provisioning, such as FN ward, which requires 340% (i.e. 3.4 times) more toilets compared to what it currently has. Besides demand-analysis, a geospatial assessment was carried out to find potential locations for new toilets. This study is useful to help us explore policy amendments for metropolises having similar characteristics as Mumbai. Further research may address location optimization considering ground-reality, societal-aspects and geophysical-constraints.     

城市规划管理有关问题浅析

就市场经济条件下城市规划管理的职能定位问题,提出了政府及其规划主要部门应将规划编制职能交还给市场,将主要职能放在规划的审批、实施、监督及违法查处上。