包衣纳米TiO2微粒的合成和对桑蚕皮肤的吸入性研究

纳米粒子的量子尺寸效应使它对各种波长光的吸收带有宽化现象．纳米TiO2粒子对400nm波长以下的紫外光有强的吸收能力．因而广泛地应用于紫外吸收材料中。据报．日本每年用于化妆品中的纳米TiO2粉末达到1000t。纳米粒子由于其尺寸效应。会经过皮肤而被生物吸入体内．影响其生长发育。有关纳米粒子用于化妆品中防紫外吸收文献报道很多。但纳米粒子能否经过皮肤而吸入生物体内．     

基于叶酸受体介导的磁性荧光靶向纳米探针的制备及其性能研究

拟采用一步溶剂热法先制备出带有无定型碳层包覆的磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子;然后通过静电结合法,将巯基丙酸修饰的水溶性Cd Te量子点组装到其表面;为了使所制备的磁性探针具有较好的稳定性和生物相容性,通过Stober法在纳米粒子最外层包裹上生物相容性和结构稳定的带有胺基修饰的二氧化硅壳层;最后与叶酸(FA)进行耦合,制得具有磁性和荧光的双功能靶向纳米探针。分别利用荧光光谱,傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等对所制备的磁性荧光复合纳米粒子的形态、大小、化学成分及磁性能进行表征。实验结果表明:所得产物粒径大小约200 nm,磁化强度约21.9 emu·g-1,仍然保持有较强的荧光性能,在生物成像方面具有潜在的应用价值。     

基于醛基取代的氟硼二吡咯类荧光母体探针的合成及其应用

荧光探针具有灵敏度高、可实时检测、精准诊断与成像可视化等优点,被广泛应用于生物医药、信息存储、化学分析等领域。氟硼二吡咯(BODIPY)类荧光探针因其优异的光物理化学特性而被广泛设计与开发使用。该文综述了醛基取代BODIPY荧光团的分子设计策略和功能化应用,包括α位醛基-BODIPY、β位醛基-BODIPY、meso位醛基-BODIPY和1,7-位醛基-BODIPY的不同位点醛基调控的BODIPY荧光母体探针及其在阴离子检测、生物硫醇识别及细胞成像等方面的研究进展。设计新型的醛基取代BODIPY探针,未来在精准诊疗上具有发展空间。     

快速配体交换法制备水溶性磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子

为了获得水溶性Fe_3O_4纳米粒子,以聚乙二醇(PEG)磷酸酯为亲水性配体,在甲苯/四氢呋喃/水三元混合溶剂体系下通过快速配体交换法将油酸包覆的油溶性磁性Fe_3O_4纳米粒子转变成聚乙二醇磷酸酯包覆的水溶性Fe_3O_4纳米粒子。考察了四氢呋喃等溶剂在实现快速配体交换中所起到的作用。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、动态光散射(DLS)、X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)对磁性Fe_3O_4纳米粒子进行了分析表征。结果表明:四氢呋喃可以促进PEG磷酸酯与Fe_3O_4纳米粒子表面的有效接触并使得油酸分子从纳米粒子表面快速地脱附下来,此外,还消除了配体交换过程中出现的乳化效应。四氢呋喃的应用实现了快速配体交换法制备水溶性PEG磷酸酯包覆的磁性纳米粒子。     

纳米羟基磷灰石在药物载体中的应用

综述了纳米羟基磷灰石(HAP)作为药物或基因载体的研究现状及其生物相容性评价,指出了HAP纳米粒子作为药物或基因载体的主要发展趋势及存在的问题。药物或基因载体的研究较多,但是尚未找到一种理想的载体材料。作为一种新的药物基因载体,HAP纳米粒子有高的药物吸附量及良好的生物相容性,有望作为一种新的基因药物载体。     

基于醛基取代的氟硼二吡咯类荧光母体探针的合成及其应用

荧光探针具有灵敏度高、可实时检测、精准诊断与成像可视化等优点，被广泛应用于生物医药、信息存储、化学分析等领域。氟硼二吡咯（BODIPY）类荧光探针因其优异的光物理化学特性而被广泛设计与开发使用。该文综述了醛基取代的BODIPY荧光探针的分子设计策略和功能化应用，包括α位醛基BODIPY、β位醛基BODIPY、meso位醛基BODIPY和1,7-位醛基BODIPY的不同位点醛基调控的BODIPY荧光母体探针及其在阴离子检测、生物硫醇识别及细胞成像方面的研究进展。设计新型的醛基取代BODIPY荧光探针将在精准诊疗上具有巨大的发展空间。     

染料敏化水溶性MoS_3纳米粒子光催化分解水制氢

在水溶液中用曙红Y(EY)敏化水溶性MoS_3纳米粒子,三乙醇胺(TEOA)作为牺牲剂,形成光催化分解水制氢体系。水溶性催化剂MoS_3纳米粒子为非责金属并与EY形成均相体系,有效地提高了光催化效率。此外,EY的吸收在可见光区,有效地利用了太阳光。该结果为研究可见光区光催化分解水体系提供了新思路。     

金纳米团簇在生物成像中的应用研究

金纳米团簇作为一种新型发光的纳米材料,其粒子直径通常小于2 nm,接近电子费米波长,从而产生类似分子的性质,包括离散的电子态和与尺寸密切相关的荧光。由于金簇具有超小尺寸,优良的荧光性能和生物相容性等特点,故多次被发展为荧光传感器,应用于生物成像、传感、环境监测等方面。本文将对金簇与尺寸相关的发光原理、合成方法,以及作为纳米探针应用于生物成像研究进行综述,并对金簇的今后发展趋势做简要展望。     

含维生素C纳米粒子的制备及性能研究

以生物相容性好的α-氰基丙烯酸正乙酯为原料,采用界面聚合的方法制备含维生素C(Vc)的纳米粒子,探讨了制备纳米粒子的较佳条件,并通过傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、动态激光光散射仪(DIS)、高分辨率透射电镜(TEM)和荧光光谱分别对制得的含Vc的纳米粒子性能进行了研究.结果表明,所得含Vc的纳米粒子平均粒径为280 nm;粒子形貌为具有壳-核结构的球形粒子;粒子中Vc的载药率为17.6%.在不同温度下对比加速老化实验证明,纳米粒子中的Vc的稳定性远高于水溶液中的Vc,且在温度越高的情况下,这种现象越明显,证明纳米粒子对Vc有良好的保护作用.     

聚合物纳米粒子的研究进展

随着聚合物科学和纳米技术的进步,聚合物纳米粒子已经有了巨大的发展.近年来,聚合物纳米粒子因其制备和设计简单、生物相容性好、结构多样性而被广泛应用于工程和生物材料中.聚合物纳米粒子具有更大的表面积,可存在大量的表面官能团(如配体).这种纳米粒子的毒性低,尺寸大小可控.综述了聚合物纳米粒子与其制备技术,用于制备它们的聚合物...     

Functionalization of Photosensitized Silica Nanoparticles for Advanced Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

BODIPY dyes have recently attracted attention as potential photosensitizers. In this work, commercial and novel photosensitizers (PSs) based on BODIPY chromophores (haloBODIPYs and orthogonal dimers strategically designed with intense bands in the blue, green or red region of the visible spectra and high singlet oxygen production) were covalently linked to mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) further functionalized with PEG and folic acid (FA). MSNs approximately 50 nm in size with different functional groups were synthesized to allow multiple alternatives of PS-PEG-FA decoration of their external surface. Different combinations varying the type of PS (commercial Rose Bengal, Thionine and Chlorine e6 or custom-made BODIPY-based), the linkage design, and the length of PEG are detailed. All the nanosystems were physicochemically characterized (morphology, diameter, size distribution and PS loaded amount) and photophysically studied (absorption capacity, fluorescence efficiency, and singlet oxygen production) in suspension. For the most promising PS-PEG-FA silica nanoplatforms, the biocompatibility in dark conditions and the phototoxicity under suitable irradiation wavelengths (blue, green, or red) at regulated light doses (10–15 J/cm²) were compared with PSs free in solution in HeLa cells in vitro.     

氮杂氟硼荧（Aza-BODIPY）类荧光探针的研究进展

氮杂氟硼荧（Aza-BODIPY）作为BODIPYs改良型荧光团,具有摩尔吸光系数高、荧光光谱半峰宽窄、荧光寿命长、光稳定性好、荧光可调等优点,是优良的近红外比色及荧光探针候选母体,然而Aza-BODIPY也存在水溶性能差、应用领域待扩展等问题。本文主要综述了近年来各类以Aza-BODIPY为荧光团的探针种类及其应用：首先,简要概括了3种通用的Aza-BODIPY合成方法,包括从查尔酮出发合成Aza-BODIPY的O'Shea法、从2,4-二取代吡咯出发的Carreira法和Lukyanets的邻苯二腈与苯基溴化镁反应的稠环合成法;然后重点对pH、H₂O₂、NH₄⁺、F^-、Hg²⁺、CN^-、蛤毒素和Cys等探针的客体识别性能、识别机理和实际应用进行了总结。提出目前以Aza-BODIPY为母体设计合成的探针数量仍较少,将来的发展方向是通过结构修饰或改造来提高探针的水溶性能、拓宽其激发发射波长到近红外区、增加识别客体的种类和范围,在生物、环境等领域将具有重要的发展前景。     

Near‐infrared‐active and pH‐responsive fluorescent polymer‐integrated hybrid graphene oxide nanoparticles for the detection and treatment of cancer

Hybrid nanoparticles for theragnosis have great potentiality to bring desire functionalities in one integrated system. The development of bioimaging guided photothermal therapy (PTT) is pivotal in optimizing cytotoxic cancer therapy. We report near‐infrared (NIR)‐active and pH‐responsive fluorescent, catechol‐conjugated, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)‐anchored hybrid nanoparticles that can sharply increase the photothermal heat in response to NIR exposure and exhibit pH‐dependent fluorescence emission for the detection of tumor areas without causing cell toxicity. The optoelectronic absorption property of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) [PEDOT]:dopamine‐conjugated poly(4‐styrenesulfonate‐co‐maleic acid) [D‐PSM] and 3′,4′‐dihydroxyacetophenone/boron‐dipyrromethene [CCDP/BODIPY]‐quaternized polyethylene glycol grafted poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (C/B‐PgP) present in this hybrid nanoparticles resulted in efficient photothermal conversion with pH‐tunable fluorescence that exerted sufficient photothermal cytotoxicity to cancer cells. The in vitro cellular uptake was measured by confocal laser scanning microscopy, allowing the therapeutic efficiency and bioimaging effects to be explored. We expect that the broad optical absorption property of PEDOT:D‐PSM with BODIPY‐conjugated polymers on rGO sheets would get tremendous attraction in this enormous rising PTT with cancer detectable biomarker. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43791.     

五元杂环取代BODIPY染料的合成及光谱性能研究

以吡咯和2-呋喃甲醛、2-噻吩甲醛为原料,经缩合、氧化、环化反应合成了含新型五元杂环的BODIPY荧光染料,进一步溴化分别得到两种一溴代染料,所有合成的染料分子均通过质谱、核磁等手段进行了结构表征,并测试了这些染料的吸收光谱和发射光谱.结果表明:所有染料随着溶剂极性的增大表现出一定的溶剂化效应,吸收和发射波长变化不大(...     

Studies on Preparation of Photosensitizer Loaded Magnetic Silica Nanoparticles and Their Anti-Tumor Effects for Targeting Photodynamic Therapy

Abstract  As a fast developing alternative of traditional therapeutics, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective, noninvasive, nontoxic therapeutics for cancer, senile macular degeneration, and so on. But the efficacy of PDT was compromised by insufficient selectivity and low solubility. In this study, novel multifunctional silica-based magnetic nanoparticles (SMNPs) were strategically designed and prepared as targeting drug delivery system to achieve higher specificity and better solubility. 2,7,12,18-Tetramethyl-3,8-di-(1-propoxyethyl)-13,17-bis-(3-hydroxypropyl) porphyrin, shorted as PHPP, was used as photosensitizer, which was first synthesized by our lab with good PDT effects. Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) and PHPP were incorporated into silica nanoparticles by microemulsion and sol–gel methods. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The nanoparticles were approximately spherical with 20–30 nm diameter. Intense fluorescence of PHPP was monitored in the cytoplasm of SW480 cells. The nanoparticles possessed good biocompatibility and could generate singlet oxygen to cause remarkable photodynamic anti-tumor effects. These suggested that PHPP-SMNPs had great potential as effective drug delivery system in targeting photodynamic therapy, diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic hyperthermia therapy. Graphical Abstract   Novel multifunctional photosensitizer loaded magnetic silica nanoparticles were strategically prepared with low toxicity, good biocompatibility and remarkable photodynamic anti-tumor efficacy. The nanoparticles were believed to be of great value as drug delivery system in targeting photodynamic therapy, diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic hyperthermia therapy.      

Functionalization of inorganic nanoparticles for bioimaging applications

Modern biomedical imaging technologies have led to significant advances in diagnosis and therapy. Because most disease processes occur at the molecular and cellular levels, researchers continue to face challenges in viewing and understanding these processes precisely and in real time. The ideal imaging resolution would be in nanometers, because most biological processes take place on this length scale. Therefore, the functionalization of nanoparticles (NPs) and their use in therapeutic and diagnostic applications are of great interest. Molecular and cellular imaging agents made from inorganic NPs have been developed to probe such biological events noninvasively. The conjugation of tiny NPs with specific biomolecules allows researchers to target the desired location, reduce overall toxicity, and boost the efficiency of the imaging probes. In this Account, we review recent research on the functionalization of NPs for bioimaging applications. Several types of NPs have been employed for bioimaging applications, including metal (Au, Ag), metal oxide (Fe(3)O(4)), and semiconductor nanocrystals (e.g. quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic quantum dots (MQDs)). The preparation of NPs for bioimaging applications can include a variety of steps: synthesis, coating, surface functionalization, and bioconjugation. The most common strategies of engineering NP surfaces involve physical adsorption or chemisorption of the desired ligands onto the surface. Chemisorption or covalent linkages are preferred, and the coated NPs should possess high colloidal stability, biocompatibility, water solubility, and functional groups for further bioconjugation. Many of the functionalization techniques that have been reported in the literature suffer from limitations such as complex synthesis steps, poor biocompatibility, low stability, and hydrophobic products. Coating strategies based on chemisorption and ligand exchange often provide a better way to tailor the surface properties of NPs. After conjugation with the appropriate targeting ligands, antibodies, or proteins, the NPs may exhibit highly selective binding, making them useful for fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and multimodal imaging.     

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Glutathione-Capped CdTe/CdSe Near-Infrared Quantum Dots for Cell Imaging

These glutathione (GSH)-conjugated CdTe/CdSe core/shell quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles in aqueous solution were synthesized using a microwave-assisted approach. The prepared type II core/shell QD nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis absorption, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Results revealed that the QD nanoparticles exhibited good dispersity, a uniform size distribution and tunable fluorescence emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region. In addition, these nanoparticles exhibited good biocompatibility and photoluminescence in cell imaging. In particular, this type of core/shell NIR QDs may have potential applications in molecular imaging.     

Evolution of ZnS Nanoparticles via Facile CTAB Aqueous Micellar Solution Route: A Study on Controlling Parameters

Synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles with new photophysical properties is an area of special interest. Here, we report synthesis of ZnS nanoparticles in aqueous micellar solution of Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The size of ZnS nanodispersions in aqueous micellar solution has been calculated using UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, SAXS, and TEM measurements. The nanoparticles are found to be polydispersed in the size range 6–15 nm. Surface passivation by surfactant molecules has been studied using FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy. The nanoparticles have been better stabilized using CTAB concentration above 1 mM. Furthermore, room temperature absorption and fluorescence emission of powdered ZnS nanoparticles after redispersion in water have also been investigated and compared with that in aqueous micellar solution. Time-dependent absorption behavior reveals that the formation of ZnS nanoparticles depends on CTAB concentration and was complete within 25 min.     

大环化合物密度泛函理论研究

运用量子化学密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-31G*方法对脱苯[15]轮烯和脱氢苯吡啶[15]轮烯进行了优化,用含时密度泛函(TD-DTF)计算其吸收光谱,结合前线分子轨道讨论吸收波长不同的原因。结果表明,三种构型的分子为平面共轭分子,分子Ⅰ的苯环被吡啶环取代成分子Ⅱ和Ⅲ,分子Ⅲ的最大吸收波长最长;分子Ⅱ最大吸收波长最短。     

Nanoparticles Formulation Improves the Antifibrogenic Effect of Quercetin on an Adenine-Induced Model of Chronic Kidney Disease

Renal fibrosis is the final stage of chronic kidney injury characterized by glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis with parenchymal destruction. Quercetin belongs to the most studied flavonoids with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrogenic, and antitumor activity. It modifies the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, decreasing profibrogenic expression molecules and inducing the expression of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrogenic molecules. However, quercetin exhibits poor water solubility and low absorption and bioavailability. This limitation was solved by developing a nanoparticles formulation that improves the solubility and bioavailability of several bioactive compounds. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the in vivo antifibrogenic effect of a quercetin nanoparticles formulation. Male C57BL/6 mice were induced into chronic renal failure with 50 mg/kg of adenine for four weeks. The animals were randomly grouped and treated with 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg of quercetin, either macroparticles or nanoparticles formulation. We performed biochemical, histological, and molecular analyses to evaluate and compare the effect of macroparticles versus nanoparticles formulation on kidney damage. Here, we demonstrated that smaller doses of nanoparticles exhibited the same beneficial effect as larger doses of macroparticles on preventing kidney damage. This finding translates into less quercetin consumption reaching the desired therapeutic effect.