减少色彩失真的自适应单幅图像去雾算法

基于暗通道先验的单幅图像去雾算法是目前最为高效的图像去雾技术,然而当图像中某些场景不完全满足暗通道先验时,去雾处理后的图像中常常出现大量伪影和色彩失真,因此需要根据图像对该方法进行修正。假设图像场景亮度越高,暗通道越不可信;场景饱和度越低,暗通道越不可信。基于该假设重新设计了图像的暗通道置信度,以补偿场景不完全满足暗通道先验时估算过大的暗通道值;另外对图像进行后置增强处理,以提升图像的视觉效果。对三类具有代表性的雾天图像进行实验,实验结果显示,与相关算法相比,该算法在缓解色彩失真、去除伪影等方面表现更好。该算法通过设计暗通道置信度克服了图像场景不完全满足暗通道先验时暗通道值估计偏大的问题,显著提升了暗通道先验去雾模型对不同雾天场景的适应能力。     

基于高阶马尔科夫随机场的单幅图像去雾算法

针对基于暗通道先验的图像去雾算法先验信息不足和在天空等大面积白色物体区域失效的问题,提出了一种基于高阶马尔科夫随机场(MRF)的单幅图像去雾算法。首先根据雾天景物成像特点将雾霾图像分割为亮区域和暗区域;然后根据区域不同改进和衰减暗通道,并通过暗通道先验获取传输图;最后利用高阶MRF对传输图进行优化,解决其先验信息不足的问题。实验结果表明,本文算法可有效改善暗通道先验失效导致的去雾图像部分失真现象,同时恢复的图像清晰度更高、细节更丰富。     

暗通道先验在雾化图像复原中的应用

目前,基于暗通道先验的去雾算法是目前最有效的单幅图像去雾方法之一.文中研究比较了各种基于暗通道先验的雾化图像去雾技术;由于采用软抠图算法的暗通道先验去雾算法时间复杂度太大,文中提出利用自适应中值滤波实现对透射率的平滑与细化,以提升去雾算法的速度;提出了一种具有鲁棒性的大气光值求取方法.实验结果表明,文中所提方法能实现雾化图像的有效去雾,能保证去雾图像的清晰度,大幅提高暗通道先验去雾算法的速度,具有一定实用价值.     

基于暗通道先验的单幅图像去雾新算法

由于暗通道先验去雾算法会使天空等明亮区域产生颜色失真、偏移等问题,对此文中提出基于暗通道先验的单幅图像去雾新算法,提高了图像去雾效果.首先,根据图像的大小设计了一种自适应滤波窗口;其次,为了防止图像中的高亮像素对大气光值估计的影响,利用变差函数去除这些高亮像素,并结合去除高亮像素后图像的暗通道图,估计大气光值;然后,提出了一种结合结构相似性的暗通道先验去雾改进算法,并对透射率进行优化、修正;接着,利用大气散射模型恢复出无雾图像;最后,利用RGB模型和HIS模型的相互转化,增强恢复图像的亮度.实验结果表明,该算法不仅能对图中景物进行较好的去雾,还能较好地处理天空等明亮区域,使处理后的图像有很好的视觉效果.     

基于暗通道先验的比值重估透射率去雾算法

针对暗原色先验去雾算法中雾霾图像明亮区域透射率估计过小,造成图像色彩失真的问题,提出一种新的基于比值重估透射率去雾算法。设定暗通道图与大气光强的差值阈值,利用预估透射率和全局透射率的比值重新估计透射率,从而改善明亮区域过小的透射率。实验结果表明,比值重估透射率去雾算法跟暗通道和容差机制去雾算法相比,该算法恢复的图像更接近于真实图像。     

基于天空分割的单幅图像去雾算法

针对暗通道先验算法在天空区域失效和复原图像色彩变暗的问题,提出一种基于天空分割的图像去雾算法。首先,采用基于边缘检测的分割算法将原始图像区分为天空区域和非天空区域;其次,在暗通道先验算法的基础上,改进对大气光和透射率的估计方法,进而对非天空区域采用改进的暗通道先验算法去雾;最后,利用基于成本函数的对比度增强去雾算法处理天空区域。实验结果表明,去雾后图像在方差、平均梯度、信息熵等指标上相对于暗通道先验算法均有较大提升,所提算法在保持较高运行效率的同时,能有效避免天空区域的Halo效应,还原真实的景物色彩。     

基于暗通道先验和优化自动色阶的图像去雾算法

针对暗通道先验产生的图像深度边缘上的白色晕圈、天空区域失真等问题,提出基于暗通道先验和优化自动色阶的单图像去雾算法.引入改进暗通道先验对透射率进行导向滤波,精细化透射率传播图,利用加权最小二乘法保留图像边缘信息,以优化自动色阶增强图像.采用定性与定量分析相结合的方法对该算法和几种经典去雾算法进行评价,结果表明该算法能够在保持图像颜色质量的同时保留细节清晰,具有更好的视觉感知.     

改进的暗通道先验快速图像去雾算法

针对暗通道去雾算法复杂度过高的问题,提出一种基于暗通道的快速去雾算法。首先对图像分块处理,提高求取暗通道值的速度;接着采用线性插值算法平滑处理,消除块状效应;然后根据暗通道先验求得透射率;最终利用大气散射模型得到清晰无雾图像。实验结果证明,在保证良好去雾效果的前提下,相比原暗通道算法,所提算法复杂度被有效降低,去雾所需时间也降为原来的1/10左右,达到准实时。     

基于暗通道先验的单幅图像快速去雾算法

针对现有去雾方法计算成本高、色彩失真及去雾不彻底等问题,提出一种结合瑞利散射理论与暗通道先验的单幅图像快速去雾算法.对瑞利散射理论进行研究,设计一种简单而有效的改进大气光估算方法;建立暗通道先验模型,对初始透射率图进行估计,采用线性高斯滤波器对初始透射率图进行平滑处理;通过大气散射模型恢复无雾图像.通过户外模糊图像的定性和计算复杂度实验,将实验结果与其它算法进行比较,验证了所提算法的处理速度明显优于其它算法.     

反馈调节机制的暗通道去雾算法

针对暗通道图像去雾算法在处理不满足暗通道先验条件的明亮区域时,估计的透射率偏小,导致去雾后的图像与原图像相比,色彩和纹理平滑度出现较大偏差的问题,提出反馈调节的暗通道去雾算法。该算法首先通过暗通道算法对原始有雾图像进行去雾,反馈出去雾后的图像与原始图像纹理平滑度的差异,使用模糊C-均值聚类算法分割出明亮的区域;然后用高斯函数调整明亮区域偏小的透射率,使其更加接近实际的透射率;最后利用调整后的透射率求得清晰的无雾图像。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地处理不满足暗通道先验条件的区域,使得包含明亮区域的雾化图像,去雾后的色彩更加符合真实场景,视觉效果也更好。该算法可以提高户外监视系统的鲁棒性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。