共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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为了延长固定点黑体容器使用寿命和简化使用流程,依据热管黑体和传统石墨坩埚黑体的设计使用经验,研制了改进型封装固定点黑体。针对所研制的锡固定点黑体分别用二等标准铂电阻和传递辐射温度计开展复现测试。改进型封装固定点黑体在经历20余次熔凝循环后,没有出现破裂和金属泄露现象。用标准铂电阻复现多次的平均值为231.909℃,扩展不确定度为0.015℃(k=2);而用固定点黑体校准传递辐射温度计的多次平均值为231.85℃,扩展不确定度为0.096℃(k=2)。 相似文献
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金属(碳)-碳(M-C和M(C)-C)高温共晶固定点(以下简称高温固定点)的出现给温标复现方法带来了一次变革,并有可能成为下届温标新的定义固定点.文中介绍了目前常见的高温固定点坩埚的典型结构,描述了高温固定点的灌注工艺及灌注方法.为对固定点的不同灌注方法及其效果进行研究,使用石墨衬套和碳纤维石墨材料作内衬,灌注了Co-C和Pt-C高温固定点.对灌注的高温固定点初步的复现实验结果显示,Co-C、Pt-C的短期复现重复性均优于50 mK,进一步证明了高温固定点作为新温标定义固定点的可行性. 相似文献
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介绍了中国计量科学研究院为风云三号05星红外高光谱大气探测仪研制的微型镓固定点星载黑体辐射源。设计了黑体辐射源空腔,其有效发射率优于0.997。针对星载固定点黑体辐射源的结构设计和性能测试展开了研究:星载固定点黑体辐射源17 ℃的温度均匀性仿真结果优于0.01℃;黑体辐射源在真空下均匀性优于0.02 ℃,稳定性优于0.002 ℃(90 min内);在通过满足航天应用的力学冲击等实验后,镓固定点的复现性优于0.03 ℃;微型固定点相变温坪复现实验加热功率与拐点值之间存在较好的线性关系。 相似文献
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I. A. Grigoryeva B. B. Khlevnoy M. V. Solodilov 《International Journal of Thermophysics》2017,38(5):69
Reproducibility of the tungsten carbide–carbon peritectic (WC–C) fixed point (3021 K) was investigated by comparing six WC–C blackbody-type cells with each other. All the cells were built at VNIIOFI and had the same design with a cell outer diameter of 24 mm and a cavity opening diameter of 3 mm. Four cells were built using tungsten powder supplied by Alfa Aesar, while the other two cells used powder from Zhuzhou KETE (China). The nominal purity of both suppliers was 99.999 %. All the cells were compared in the same furnace. A reference cell in the second furnace was used for monitoring the stability of a radiation thermometer. Melting temperatures (given by the point of inflection) of all six cells agreed within ±45 mK. The reproducibility, as a standard deviation of the measured temperatures, can be estimated as 35 mK. The Zhuzhou KETE cells showed a slightly lower temperature than the Alfa Aesar cells: by 32 mK on average, which is comparable with repeatability of the measurements. 相似文献
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根据国际温度咨询委员会辐射测温工作组(CCT-WG5)对世界各国计量机构开展Co-C共晶点研制工作的相关要求,设计并搭建了Co-C共晶点灌注系统,采用直接共晶法成功灌注了满足复现实验要求的Co-C共晶点坩埚。针对直接共晶灌注法效率低、坩埚破裂风险大的缺陷,提出了对灌注方法的改进方案,并依据该方案成功灌注了2个Co-C共晶点坩埚。对灌注的Co-C-2#共晶点进行了复现试验,结果显示:拐点温度的不确定度为5.3 mK,满足小于10 mK的CCT要求;短期重复性为9.6 mK,满足小于20 mK的CCT要求。 相似文献
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The authors recently reported the very first radiometric plateau observation of high-temperature fixed points of metal-carbide
carbon peritectics. These act in a similar way to the metal (carbide)-carbon eutectic points in the sense that they can be
used at high temperature without being contaminated by their graphite crucibles. The performance seems similar in terms of
repeatability and plateau shape. The peritectic transition temperatures are close to the transition temperatures of some of
the metal (carbide)-carbon eutectics. In this article, results of further study to understand the melting and freezing involved
in these fixed points are reported, with the focus on the Cr3C2-C peritectic point. Difficulty in producing an ingot without voids was encountered. To overcome this, a filling technique
that takes advantage of the capillary effect was devised. Plateau shapes and microstructures observed with electron-probe
microanalysis (EPMA) and back-scattered electron imaging (BSE) for various filling methods were compared. The observation
of two fixed-point plateaux, one at the Cr3C2-C peritectic point and the other at a lower temperature of the Cr7C3-Cr3C2 eutectic point, correlates to the presence of two kinds of domains in the observed microstructure. The graphite crucible
is shown to play an essential role in realizing peritectic plateaux of good quality. 相似文献
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为了验证铯热管研制的关键技术,通过测量热管外壁温度,在定温条件下研究了重力铯热管的等温特性和启动性能;同时,分析了冷凝段长度对铯热管等温性能的影响。实验结果表明:当加热炉温度在330~630℃,铯热管均能正常启动;加热炉温度越高,启动越快;在该温区,铯热管具有优良的传热性能;然而,当冷凝段长度为300mm时,铯热管壁面温度出现锯齿状周期波动。从过热度的角度,分析了铯热管内部的沸腾相变传热机理;选择合适长度的冷凝段可避免周期性间歇沸腾的产生。实验结果同时也了证明铯热管在330~630℃温区可作为高效的传热元件,非常适合复现ITS-90国际温标锌凝固点。 相似文献
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通过混凝土经历10℃~-40℃、10℃~-80℃和10℃~-160℃等3种典型的超低温温度区间冻融循环作用试验,探讨不同的温度区间和冻融循环作用次数对混凝土弹性模量的影响。结果表明,随冻融循环作用次数的增加,上限温度时因冻融损伤累积使混凝土的弹性模量呈逐渐软化趋势,其中下限温度较低温度区间的变化趋势最为明显;下限温度时因混凝土内孔隙水结冰使混凝土弹性模量呈先增大后减小趋势,且较上限温度时的变化幅度更大。不同温度区间的混凝土相对弹性模量差以及上下限温度时单次冻融软化指标和累积冻融软化指标均存在明显的差异且变化规律较为复杂。该文还由试验结果拟合出混凝土相对弹性模量与超低温冻融循环作用的温度区间和次数间的关系式。所获得的这些结果可为LNG储罐类混凝土结构的设计和安全性能评估提供参考。 相似文献
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Due to its high transition temperature relative to other fixed points defined in the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) and its relatively low cost compared to silver and gold, copper is often chosen as the fixed point used to define the ITS-90 above 1235 K at national measurement institutes. Measurement of the copper freezing point can be done in a variety of furnaces. Although there are a large number of copper fixed-point designs, we expect the freezing temperatures to be the same. The difference between realizing different sized fixed points and the use of different furnaces in which to realize them is explored here. A traditional, large aperture fixed-point containing over 600 g of copper is compared to a hybrid-type fixed point containing only 15 g of copper and a commercial fixed point. Three types of furnaces including a heat-pipe furnace, a compact furnace, and a high-temperature blackbody were used to realize the copper freezing point. Between the fixed-point types, only the length of the plateau differed. However, a significant difference was found between the freezing temperatures determined in the different furnaces, and this difference was independent of cell type. 相似文献