Document image binarization based on topographic analysis using a water flow model

This paper proposes a local adaptive thresholding method based on a water flow model, in which an image surface is considered as a three-dimensional (3-D) terrain. To extract characters from backgrounds, we pour water onto the terrain surface. Water flows down to the lower regions of the terrain and fills valleys. Then, the thresholding process is applied to the amount of filled water for character extraction, in which the proposed thresholding method is applied to gray level document images consisting of characters and backgrounds. The proposed method based on a water flow model shows the property of locally adaptive thresholding. Computer simulation with synthetic and real document images shows that the proposed method yields effective adaptive thresholding results for binarization of document images.     

纹理分布分析的快速图像修复算法

目前基于样本块的图像修复算法均是运用平方差和(SSD)准则遍历固定的样本集以选取最优匹配块,算法普遍具有运算效率低的缺点。针对现有算法进行改进,提出一种基于图像纹理分布分析的快速图像修复算法,该算法根据局部纹理变化动态确定样本集大小,解决样本集过大时引起的计算时间浪费以及样本集过小时样本多样性不足的问题。实验结果证明,该算法保证修复结果连续且符合人眼视觉要求,大大提高了图像修复的效率,具有实际意义。     

A class of discrete multiresolution random fields and its application to image segmentation

In this paper, a class of Random Field model, defined on a multiresolution array is used in the segmentation of gray level and textured images. The novel feature of one form of the model is that it is able to segment images containing unknown numbers of regions, where there may be significant variation of properties within each region. The estimation algorithms used are stochastic, but because of the multiresolution representation, are fast computationally, requiring only a few iterations per pixel to converge to accurate results, with error rates of 1-2 percent across a range of image structures and textures. The addition of a simple boundary process gives accurate results even at low resolutions, and consequently at very low computational cost.     

Study of remote sensing image texture analysis and classification using wavelet

In the past one difficulty of texture analysis was the lack of adequate tools to characterize different scales of texture effectively. Recent developments in multiresolution analysis such as the Gabor and wavelet transforms, help to overcome this difficulty. This paper introduces a new approach to characterize texture at multiple scales. The performances of the wavelet transform are measured in terms of sensitivity and selectivity for the classification of 25 types of remote sensing texture relief images under the condition of different wavelet decomposition models, different filter lengths, different resolutions and different mother bodies. The reliability exhibited by texture signatures of wavelet transforms are beneficial for accomplishing segmentation, classification and subtle discrimination of texture.     

A multiresolution homogenization of modal analysis with application to layered media

We apply multiresolution techniques to study the effective properties of boundary value problems. Conditions under which boundary values are preserved in the effective (‘homogenized') formulation are developed and discussed. Relations between the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the generic formulation and those of the effective formulation are explored. Applications to the construction of effective Green function in a complex lamination are discussed. The analytic results are demonstrated via numerical computations.     

Liver fibrosis staging using CT image texture analysis and soft computing

Liver biopsy is considered to be the gold standard for analyzing chronic hepatitis and fibrosis; however, it is an invasive and expensive approach, which is also difficult to standardize. Medical imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging are non-invasive and helpful methods to interpret liver texture, and may be good alternatives to needle biopsy. Recently, instead of visual inspection of these images, computer-aided image analysis based approaches have become more popular. In this study, a non-invasive, low-cost and relatively accurate method was developed to determine liver fibrosis stage by analyzing some texture features of liver CT images. In this approach, some suitable regions of interests were selected on CT images and a comprehensive set of texture features were obtained from these regions using different methods, such as Gray Level Co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), Laws’ method, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), and Gabor filters. Afterwards, sequential floating forward selection and exhaustive search methods were used in various combinations for the selection of most discriminating features. Finally, those selected texture features were classified using two methods, namely, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and k-nearest neighbors (k-NN). The mean classification accuracy in pairwise group comparisons was approximately 95% for both classification methods using only 5 features. Also, performance of our approach in classifying liver fibrosis stage of subjects in the test set into 7 possible stages was investigated. In this case, both SVM and k-NN methods have returned relatively low classification accuracies. Our pairwise group classification results showed that DWT, Gabor, GLCM, and Laws’ texture features were more successful than the others; as such features extracted from these methods were used in the feature fusion process. Fusing features from these better performing families further improved the classification performance. The results show that our approach can be used as a decision support system in especially pairwise fibrosis stage comparisons.     

Capsule endoscopy image analysis using texture information from various colour models

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a novel imaging technique that is gradually gaining ground as it enables the non-invasive and efficacious visualization of the digestive track, and especially the entire small bowel including its middle part. However, the task of reviewing the vast amount of images produced by a WCE examination is a burden for the physicians. To tackle this major drawback, an innovative scheme for discriminating endoscopic images related to one of the most common intestinal diseases, ulceration, is presented here. This new approach focuses on colour-texture features in order to investigate how the structure information of healthy and abnormal tissue is distributed on RGB, HSV and CIE Lab colour spaces. The WCE images are pre-processed using bidimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition so as to facilitate differential lacunarity analysis to extract the texture patterns of normal and ulcerous regions. Experimental results demonstrated promising classification performance (mean accuracy>95%), exhibiting a high potential towards automatic WCE image analysis.     

Reorganizing local image features with chaotic maps: an application to texture recognition

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Texture images are those where the focus of the analysis is on the spatial arrangement of pixels (primitives or textons) rather than on particular objects in the...     

Choice of a pertinent color space for color texture characterization using parametric spectral analysis

This article presents a comparison of different color spaces including RGB, IHLS and L?a*b* for color texture characterization. This comparison is based on the fusion of the independent spatial structure and color feature cues. In IHLS and L*a*b*, two channel complex color images are created from the luminance and the chrominance values. For such images, two dimensional complex multichannel linear prediction models are used to perform parametric power spectrum estimation and the structure feature cues are computed from this estimated power spectrum. Quantitative comparison of auto spectra of luminance and combined chrominance channels for different color spaces is done. This comparison is based on the degree of decorrelation between luminance and chrominance information provided by different color space transformations. Three dimensional histograms are used as color feature cues. Then, to classify color textures, Kullback-Leibler divergence based symmetric distance measures are calculated for pure color, luminance structure and chrominance structure feature cues. Individual as well as combined effect of information from all feature cues on classification results is then compared for different color spaces and different color texture data sets. The proposed color texture classification method performs better than the state of the art methods in certain cases. The L*a*b* color space gives us a better characterization of the chrominance spatial structure as well as the overall spatial structure for all of the chosen data sets. Experimental results on pixel classification of color textures are also presented and discussed.     

An application of texture analysis to materials inspection

A large set of texture features were measured for a collection of samples of an industrial material which had been graded in quality by inspectors. Features were identified, based on gray-level co-occurrence statistics, that had a high correlation with the grades. Such features could be used for on-line inspection of the material.     

多元纹理图像构造方法及应用

多元图像分析方法在图像展开阶段会丢失像素间空间关联关系,导致其对图像纹理特征的分析能力不足.针对此问题,本文提出了一种基于图像纹理特征的多元图像构造方法,并应用于图像分割.首先,结合滑动窗口法和灰度共生矩阵求取图像各通道的纹理特征影像,叠加纹理特征影像构造多元图像.然后,应用多元图像分析方法对所得多元图像进行分析,分割出感兴趣区域.最后,利用分割结果构造决策树模型,以完成对同类感兴趣区域的分割.在图像数据集上进行仿真实验,实验结果表明,本文所提方法的均交并比(MIoU)与同类方法相比有10%左右的提升.     

应用视觉注意多分辨率分析的图像检索

基于人类视觉感知理论,提出一个改进的Itti视觉注意模型用于图像检索。该改进视觉注意模型是在充分考虑纹理特征与视觉感知关系的基础上,构造一个粗糙度图,用作视觉注意模型的一个初级视觉特征。首先通过该改进视觉注意模型得到50个视觉特征图;然后分别对每个视觉特征图采用局部二值模式傅里叶直方图（LBP-HF）方法抽取其分布信息,从而获得每幅图像的高维特征;最后利用局部保持投影(LPP)方法进行维数约简,以获取具有图像间局部几何和鉴别信息的低维特征用于图像检索。实验结果表明,该算法能获得较好的检索效果。     

Identification of multiscale spatio-temporal dynamical systems using a wavelet multiresolution analysis

In this article, a new algorithm for the multiscale identification of spatio-temporal dynamical systems is derived. It is shown that the input and output observations can be represented in a multiscale manner based on a wavelet multiresolution analysis. The system dynamics at some specific scale of interest can then be identified using an orthogonal forward least-squares algorithm. This model can then be converted between different scales to produce predictions of the system outputs at different scales. The method can be applied to both multiscale and conventional spatio-temporal dynamical systems. For multiscale systems, the method can generate a parsimonious and effective model at a coarser scale while considering the effects from finer scales. Additionally, the proposed method can be used to improve the performance of the identification when the measurements are noisy. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed new approach.