水镁石纳米纤维／EVA复合材料的力学性能与阻燃性能研究

采用化学作用与机械力结合的方法，将天然水镁石剥离到纳米单纤维级，并采用有机分散剂将其均匀分散，使其可以采用常规的工业挤出设备(如双螺杆挤出机)制备水镁石纳米纤维/EVA复合材料。在这种纳米复合材料中，纤维分散均匀，与EVA高分子结合牢固，对EVA的力学性能改善明显，为水镁石作为阻燃剂在高分子材料中的广泛应用提供了一种方便可行的方案。     

水镁石纳米纤维/PP复合材料的力学性能研究

采用化学作用与机械力结合的方法，将天然水镁石剥分到纳米纤维级；并采用有机分散剂将其均匀分散，然后使用常规工业挤出设备制备水镁石纳米纤维／PP复合材料。在这种纳米复合材料中，纳米纤维分散均匀，与PP高分子结合牢固，对PP复合材料的力学性能改善明显。     

高分子纳米纤维表面压痕及其分形特征研究

采用静电纺丝法制备了纳米级高分子聚己酸内酯(PCL)纤维,通过扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观察了聚己酸内酯纳米纤维的表面结构和微观特征,并通过原子力显微镜对纤维表面进行纳米压痕实验。实验发现随着压痕深度的变小,纤维的弹性模量呈现增大的趋势。利用统计分形理论对高分子纤维表面压痕过程进行建模,通过拟合实验曲线得到了材料的分形参数,该模型可以很好的模拟高分子纤维材料在纳米压痕实验中的尺寸效应。     

表面处理对原位悬浮聚合制备PVC／纳米碳酸钙复合材料的影响

对纳米碳酸钙进行表面预处理，在纳米碳酸钙粒子表面包覆上一薄层有机高分子，降低纳米粒子的高表面能，调节疏水性，改善其与有机基料之间的润湿性和结合性，从而达到与氯乙烯等有机物亲和良好的状态，防止纳米碳酸钙粒子自身的团聚，将经过表面处理和未处理的纳米碳酸钙粒子分别在5L和50L反应釜中与氯乙烯单体进行悬浮聚合，使纳米碳酸钙粒子原位复合到PVC中，将聚合完毕的PVC粒料浆液进行透射电镜，扫描电镜观察，比较纳米碳酸钙的表面处理对于原位悬浮聚合法制备PVC／纳米碳酸钙复合材料的影响。     

纳米氢氧化镁表面改性技术的研究进展

论述了纳米氢氧化镁表面改性的必要性。对化学合成的纳米氢氧化镁和天然纳米水镁石的表面改性方法、表面改性效果评价方法及其常用的改性剂进行综述。     

超高分子质量聚乙烯纤维黏结强度增强方法研究

为提高超高分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维复合材料中纤维与树脂基体之间的界面黏结强度,提出通过不同质量分数的硅烷偶联剂KH-570处理纳米SiO_2对UHMWPE纤维进行表面改性。对改性处理后的纤维与乙烯基酯树脂进行黏结强度试验,发现硅烷偶联剂处理纳米SiO_2能有效提高纤维的界面黏结强度,同时使纤维保持一定的断裂强度。     

纳米TiO2的修饰与光催化降解甲苯的性能

在有机树脂乳液中，采用溶液原位还原法修饰纳米TiO2粉，制备了不同金属含量的Cu/TiO2,Ag/TiO2纳米胶乳，将其涂于玻璃表面制备光活性涂层，实验考察了此光活性涂层对空气中有机挥发物甲苯的光催化降解性能。     

一种热解致孔的对位芳纶纳米纤维锂离子电池隔膜的制备

正本发明涉及一种热解致孔的对位芳纶纳米纤维锂离子电池隔膜的制备,属于新能源材料领域。本发明针对现有对位芳纶纳米纤维隔膜制备技术和产品的不足,通过将对位芳纶纳米纤维隔膜中的高分子表面活性剂通过烧蚀处理掉,从而实现了调控对位芳纶纳米纤维隔膜的孔径以及孔     

合成纳米SO2及其复合材料

武汉现代工业技术研究院选用某大型企业副产品成功合成了纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)，并对其进行了表面疏水改性。这种具有疏水性的纳米SiO2微粒能均匀地分散到塑料用增塑剂或橡胶用操作油中，从而可制得纳米复合塑料或纳米复合橡胶。 该研究院打破常规将具有疏水(亲油)性的纳米粒子分散在烃及其衍生物中，有效防止了纳米SiO2的二次集聚，为纳米复合材料提供了一种新的制作方法，并为有机高分子材料升级换代创造了条件。 (邵建人)     

蛋白质吸附用静电纺丝纳米纤维材料研究进展

综述了静电纺纳米纤维蛋白质吸附材料的研究进展,简要介绍了蛋白质吸附原理和蛋白质吸附性能的影响因素,具体分析了无机、有机及有机/无机相结合等不同组分静电纺纳米纤维的蛋白质吸附性能。蛋白质吸附的影响因素包括蛋白质的物理化学性质、吸附载体表面性质及环境因素。静电纺无机纳米纤维蛋白质吸附材料具有比表面积大、孔隙率高等特性,在蛋白质吸附应用中发挥着重要作用;静电纺有机纳米纤维蛋白质吸附材料通过疏水基团或疏水改性,表现出优异的吸附性能;静电纺有机/无机复合纳米纤维蛋白质吸附材料结合有机纤维疏水特性与无机纤维高孔隙结构,可显著提高蛋白质吸附效果。建议加强对多组分复合纤维蛋白质吸附材料的开发,进一步提升静电纺纳米纤维蛋白质吸附材料的吸附性能,并拓展静电纺丝纳米纤维在生物领域的应用。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。