化学师范专业活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝综合实验

为提高化学(师范)专业学生的综合实验能力,设计了"活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝"物理化学综合实验.以活性炭为吸附剂,亚甲基蓝( MB) 为吸附质,考察了吸附剂用量、吸附时间、 温度对活性炭去除亚甲基蓝的影响.探讨了水溶液中活性炭固体颗粒吸附阳离子有机染料亚甲基蓝的吸附热力学(吸附等温线类型)、吸附动力学方程和盐酸脱附条件.结果表明,活性炭对亚甲基蓝染料的热力学吸附行为符合 Langmuir 等温吸附方程,其动力学吸附行为符合准一级动力学方程.选择1:1浓盐酸未能有效的将吸附的亚甲基蓝脱附.     

一种生物质活性炭的制备及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

以磷酸为活化剂,将稻壳、柚子皮分别与核桃壳按一定质量比混合,进行热解,制备了高吸附性能的生物质活性炭。研究结果表明:以柚子皮+核桃壳制备的生物质活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝2 h即可达平衡;比商品活性炭具有较优的吸附性能,对亚甲基蓝的吸附值达574.6 mg/g,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,等温吸附满足Langmuir等温吸附模型,属于自发进行的良性吸附。研究利用生物质废弃物,将其再利用并制备对染料吸附性能优良的生物质活性炭,可望成为环境友好型活性炭,并为生物质热解产物的资源化利用提供了应用前景。     

一种生物质活性炭的制备及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

以磷酸为活化剂,将稻壳、柚子皮分别与核桃壳按一定质量比混合,进行热解,制备了高吸附性能的生物质活性炭。研究结果表明:以柚子皮+核桃壳制备的生物质活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝2 h即可达平衡;比商品活性炭具有较优的吸附性能,对亚甲基蓝的吸附值达574.6 mg/g,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,等温吸附满足Langmuir等温吸附模型,属于自发进行的良性吸附。研究利用生物质废弃物,将其再利用并制备对染料吸附性能优良的生物质活性炭,可望成为环境友好型活性炭,并为生物质热解产物的资源化利用提供了应用前景。     

有机膨润土/淀粉/丙烯酸复合凝胶的制备及吸附性能研究

以有机插层膨润土、淀粉和丙烯酸为原料,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂制备了一种新型网络凝胶吸附剂.通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对凝胶结构进行了表征.研究了吸附剂对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为,考察了pH值、吸附时间和初始浓度等因素对吸附剂吸附性能的影响,并用不同等温方程对吸附数据进行了拟合.结果表明Skip等温模型的拟合效果更好,吸附剂在26℃,pH =6时对亚甲基蓝的最大量论吸附量为341 mg/g.再生实验表明凝胶吸附剂可多次回收利用.     

花生壳生物炭吸附剂的制备及性能研究

以花生壳为原料,采用限氧升温法在300℃下处理一小时制备生物炭,研究了其对阳离子染料亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附能力,并探究其吸附机理。实验结果表明,花生壳生物炭对亚甲基蓝有很强的吸附作用,当花生壳生物炭投加量为100 mg,亚甲基蓝溶液用量为50 mL,亚甲基蓝浓度小于60 mg/L情况下,对于亚甲基蓝的去除率可达90%以上,且吸附速率较快,达到吸附平衡所需时间约为30 min,吸附符合准二级动力学方程,吸附等温曲线符合Langmuir吸附等温模型,说明此花生壳生物炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附为化学吸附控速的单分子层吸附。实验为开发低成本高效新型吸附剂提供理论依据,也为农林废弃物与染料废水的联合处理提供新思路。     

稻壳基活性炭的制备及其孔隙结构分析

本文采用常规加热法制备稻壳基活性炭,利用正交实验方法,探讨了分别以氢氧化钾、碳酸钾为活化剂时活性炭的最佳制备方案.通过扫描电子显微镜观察所得活性炭的表面形貌,利用热分析仪对稻壳原料进行了热力学分析,利用分光光度计测定活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值和碘吸附值.结果表明,采用氢氧化钾为活化剂得到的活性炭,孔洞多为小孔,其亚甲基蓝最...     

磁性木质素基活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝的特性研究

为了探索磁性木质素基活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能和机制,采用化学共沉淀法制备木质素基磁性活性炭,考察了该磁性活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能。结果表明：该活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝的过程符合Langmuir吸附等温模型,吸附动力学符合用Elovich模型。磁性木质素基活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝是化学吸附为主的单分子层吸热过程。     

核-壳结构PGMA@GO复合微球的制备及其对亚甲基蓝吸附性能研究

通过酰胺反应成功制备了聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯-氧化石墨烯复合微球(PGMA@GO)。利用扫描电镜、透射电镜观察复合材料的形貌和粒径,并探究溶液初始p H值、吸附时间和溶液初始浓度等因素对PGMA@GO吸附亚甲基蓝(MB)性能的影响。结果表明,PGMA@GO为核-壳结构,粒径约为1.5μm,其对MB的最大吸附量为161.0mg·g^-1,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,等温吸附曲线符合Langmuir方程,说明其吸附过程主要是以单分子层的化学吸附为主导。     

亚甲基蓝在污泥微波热解半焦上的吸附

采用活性污泥微波热解残余半焦作为吸附剂,研究了其对水中亚甲基蓝吸附的动力学、等温线及其热力学行为.结果表明,亚甲基蓝在污泥半焦表面的吸附符合准2级动力学模型,吸附速率常数随着初始质量浓度升高而降低,随着吸附温度的升高增长.分别用Langmuir和Freundlich等温方程对数据进行拟合,等温吸附过程能较好地用Freundlich吸附等温线描述,表明亚甲基蓝在污泥半焦表面的吸附受多种机制影响.不同温度下的吸附热力学的吉布斯自由能以及熵变和焓变显示该吸附过程为吸热反应.     

废旧活性炭的回收处理及其吸附去除水中亚甲基蓝的研究

采用简单的方法对化学实验室废旧活性炭进行预处理,采用共沉淀法制备具有磁性能的活性炭,并将其用于去除水溶液中亚甲基蓝的实验研究,着重研究了等温吸附过程和吸附动力学过程,等温吸附结果表明Langmuir等温吸附模型比Freundlich等温吸附模型更适合解释磁性活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝的等温吸附行为;吸附动力学研究结果表明改性硅藻土吸附剂对活性染料吸附过程更符合拟二级吸附动力学模型。     

介孔硅酸钙吸附亚甲基蓝性能研究

以煤矸石提铝尾渣制得的介孔硅酸钙为吸附材料,研究了介孔硅酸钙对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能。考察了亚甲基蓝溶液pH、吸附剂添加量、吸附时间和吸附温度等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,介孔硅酸钙对亚甲基蓝表现出良好的吸附性能,在298 K、pH=11、介孔硅酸钙投加量为0.2 g/L、吸附时间为60 min条件下,亚甲基蓝的去除率达87.33%。介孔硅酸钙对亚甲基蓝的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir 吸附等温线方程,吸附方式为单分子层吸附,饱和吸附量为89.68 mg/g。吸附过程为熵增加的自发过程,升温有利于吸附。吸附焓变ΔH为62.72 kJ/mol,介孔硅酸钙对亚甲基蓝的吸附以化学吸附为主。     

Fe3O4@SA/CTS凝胶球对亚甲基蓝及碱性品红的吸附

为解决染料对水体污染问题,本工作以海藻酸钠为骨架,结合Fe3O4及壳聚糖,制备了Fe3O4@SA/CTS凝胶球,并对制备的材料进行了微观表征。研究了不同影响因素下,吸附剂对MB及CB的吸附效果,同时研究了不同pH下对混合液的吸附性能,以及吸附剂循环利用性实验。结果表明,MB或CB初始浓度为100 mg/L、吸附剂投加量为1.0 g/L、MB的pH为11或CB的pH为8、反应时间4 h、MB和CB的去除率分别可以达到91.9%和21.5%。Langmuir模型能够更好反应对MB或CB的吸附,吸附以单分子物理吸附为主。吸附动力学符合伪二级动力学方程,吸附过程更容易受到化学吸附影响。不同pH下,Fe3O4@SA/CTS对混合液中的MB吸附优于CB,5次脱附循环使用后对MB保持在70%以上,对CB的去除率保持在15%以上。     

磺化聚醚醚酮纳米纤维膜的制备及其吸附性能

通过静电纺丝法制备了不同磺化度的磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)纳米纤维膜,运用扫描电镜、热重分析仪分别对纤维的形貌和热性能进行了分析,并利用紫外-可见分光光度计研究了纤维膜对亚甲基蓝染料的吸附行为。结果表明:随着磺化度的增加,纺丝束流的稳定性得到改善,纤维直径减小;纤维膜对亚甲基蓝具有良好的吸附能力,在p H值=7时其对亚甲基蓝的去除率最大,平衡吸附时间约为90min;热力学分析表明,使用Freundlich模型描述SPEEK纳米纤维膜对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为更加合理;动力学分析表明,SPEEK纳米纤维膜对亚甲基蓝的吸附遵循准二级动力学模型。     

Preparation of hemicellulose‐g‐poly(methacrylic acid)/carbon nanotube composite hydrogel and adsorption properties

An organic–inorganic composite hydrogel was prepared based on hemicellulose and multi‐wall carbon nanotubes. The effects of hydrogel amount, initial concentration, contact time, and salt concentration on the adsorption performance of the prepared hydrogels were observed using methylene blue as a model hazardous material. The results indicated that the adsorption kinetic of methylene blue on the prepared adsorbent was well fitted to the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Freundlich model. Removal percentage of methylene blue increased with increased adsorbent amount and kept higher than 98% when adsorbent amount was above 6 g L⁻¹. Adsorption amount of methylene blue on the prepared adsorbent also increased when increasing initial concentration over the range from 50 to 500 mg L⁻¹. Both of adsorption amount and removal percentage increased with an increase in the contact time, and removal efficiency obviously deteriorated as salt concentration increased. All obtained results reported that the prepared composite hydrogel would have an application prospect in water treatment. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:45–52, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution by activated carbon prepared from cashew nut shell as a new low-cost adsorbent

Methylene blue dye was adsorbed on an adsorbent prepared from cashew nut shell. A batch adsorption study was carried out with variable adsorbent amount, initial dye concentration, contact time and pH. Studies showed that the pH of aqueous solutions affected dye removal as a result of removal efficiency increased with increasing solution pH. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Koble-Corrigan, Toth, Temkin, Sips and Dubinin-Radushkevich models of adsorption using MATLAB 7.1. The experimental data yielded excellent fits within the following isotherm order: Redlich-Peterson>Toth>Sips>Koble-Corrigan>Langmuir>Temkin>Dubinin-Radushkevich>Freundlich, based on its correlation coefficient values. Three simplified kinetic models including a pseudofirst-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion equations were selected to follow the adsorption process. It was shown that the adsorption of methylene blue could be described by the pseudo-second-order equation. The results indicate that cashew nut shell activated carbon could be employed as a low cost alternative to commercial activated carbon in the removal of dyes from wastewater.     

柠檬皮渣对亚甲基蓝吸附性能研究

采用柠檬皮渣作为吸附剂对水溶液中亚甲基蓝进行吸附研究,考察了柠檬皮渣用量、溶液pH值、吸附时间、亚甲基蓝浓度、温度对吸附量的影响。结果表明:当柠檬皮渣用量为1 g/L,亚甲基蓝的初始质量浓度为100 mg/L,pH值为7,温度为30℃时,柠檬皮渣对亚甲基蓝吸附效果最好,吸附量为36.2 mg/g,吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附动力学遵从准二级动力学方程,热力学参数计算结果表明此吸附过程为自发的放热过程。     

Efficient removal of methylene blue in aqueous solution by freeze-dried calcium alginate beads

Novel porous calcium alginate beads were prepared via crosslinking of calcium followed by freeze drying for investigating the adsorption performance for methylene blue. These beads possessed reduced shrinkage, highly porous lamellar structure and high specific surface area, and exhibited enhanced adsorption capacity and much faster adsorption rate compared to the non-porous beads obtained with conventional oven drying method. Methylene blue adsorption capacity increased with increasing of initial concentration and pH, while decreased with increasing of temperature. The adsorption process fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity was 961.5 mg g^?1 at 298.15 K. After eight successive adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity had negligible decrease. Owing to the high adsorption capability, rapid adsorption rate, easy recovery and reusability, the freeze-dried beads imply a prospective, biodegradable and attractive adsorbent for removing contaminants from wastewater.     

竹炭对亚甲基兰(MB)吸附的研究

用可见分光光度法研究了竹炭对亚甲基兰（MB）吸附的行为。主要研究了竹炭颗粒大小、吸附时间、pH值、浓度、以及温度对吸附量的影响，并求出其吸附等温方程和动力学方程。     

新型炭黑材料对亚甲基蓝吸附性能的研究

研究了XC-72型炭黑材料对亚甲基蓝的吸附。实验结果表明：亚甲基蓝在XC-72上的吸附在3h达到平衡,吸附行为符合拟二级动力学方程和Langmuir方程。当温度为20％,pH为6．5时,最大吸附量为40．11mg·g^-1。溶液pH值的升高有利于提高吸附效果。XC-72对亚甲基蓝的吸附是一个自发熵增的吸热过程。