设置加劲肋圆钢管T型相贯节点面内抗弯承载力试验研究及模拟分析

为提高相贯节点的承载力和疲劳寿命,在节点区域设置加劲肋,开展设置加劲肋T型圆钢管相贯节点面内抗弯承载力的试验研究,探讨了设置加劲肋T型相贯节点的破坏模式、应变发展规律和抗弯承载力特性;试验中主管受压侧加劲肋附近应变发展较快,当节点荷载临近极限承载力时,节点主管受压侧加劲肋附近发生明显凹陷的局部屈曲,同时加劲肋发生面外弯曲失稳;设置加劲肋节点面内抗弯承载力比无加劲肋节点承载力明显提高,说明设置加劲肋后有效提高了节点抵抗变形的能力,增加了节点的刚度和强度,使节点承载力有大幅度的提升。同时,开展相贯节点的非线性有限元模拟,分析得到节点的失效模式、承载力与试验均吻合较好。基于非线性有限元模拟,考察加劲肋布置方式对抗弯承载力的影响,提出了合理的加劲肋布置方式。     

上海旗忠网球中心屋盖支座圆管节点强度研究

以上海旗忠网球中心可开闭屋盖支座节点为工程背景,探讨了由7根支管和1根主管焊接而成的复杂空间多支管节点静力强度。首先进行了两个1∶3的缩尺模型节点静力对比试验,一个节点的主管中不设置加劲板,另一个节点在主管内设置了环向加劲板。试验研究了节点的破坏模式、应力分布、塑性发展、承载能力,观察了加劲板对节点性能的影响。其次,应用有限元方法对两个所试验的模型节点受力性能进行了数值分析,将计算结果与试验结果作了比较,表明有限元数值分析有效可靠。最后,讨论了增强复杂管节点强度的措施,进行了环向加劲板构造参数的有限元分析。研究表明主管径大壁薄、多支管的空间圆管节点在支管有拉有压的情况下很容易发生主管屈服破坏,设计时建议在主管内布置环向加劲板来保证节点刚度和强度,须根据支管轴力大小、拉压性质、支管与主管相交位置等因素来精心设计加劲板的位置和数量。加劲板的厚度不宜小于主管的壁厚,加劲板中心开孔的直径不宜大于0.5倍的主管直径。     

用外加劲肋加固T型圆钢管节点的试验研究

T型圆钢管节点主管轴向刚度较大,径向刚度较小,当通过支管向主管传递轴向力时,往往因为主管节点处径向承载力不够而发生较大变形甚至破坏,造成对支管强度的浪费。本文提出用外加劲肋加固T型节点,材料和施工成本较低。通过3组不同支管主管外径比的T型圆钢管节点承载力对比试验的研究,结果表明:由于外加劲肋的支撑,加固后的节点塑性区域扩大,节点极限承载力和变形能力提高,但极限承载力和变形能力的增幅随支管与主管外径比的增大而降低。工程中应根据不同支管与主管外径比,合理选择加劲肋尺寸。     

PEC柱弱轴-H型钢梁节点抗震性能研究

通过对四个设置不同构造的节点试件进行低周反复试验,观察PEC柱弱轴-H型钢梁节点域设置竖向加劲肋后抗震性能的改变和节点域不设加劲肋单纯增加盖板厚度或端板厚度的抗震效果。结果表明,PEC柱弱轴-H型钢梁节点域设置竖向加劲肋后,其破坏形式和节点域关键部位应变分析结果理想,节点的承载力、延性、刚度和耗能能力明显提高,更好地满足了"强节点"的抗震设计要求。在不设加劲肋的情况下,单纯增加盖板厚度节点的破坏形式和节点域关键部位应变分析结果理想,节点的承载力提高,但延性和耗能能力会降低;单纯增加端板厚度节点的破坏形式没有发生改变,节点域关键部位应变分析不理想,节点承载力没有明显改变,延性和耗能能力会降低。     

带肋圆管X型相贯节点静力性能研究

加劲肋可以提高钢管相贯节点的静力性能,然而目前国内外对带肋圆管X型相贯节点的研究较少,本文根据试验建立了带肋圆管X型相贯节点的有限元模型,并进行参数化分析,以研究加劲肋对节点静力性能的影响。研究发现加劲肋能够使节点相贯区域的应力分布更加均匀,从而节点区域的最大应力得到明显降低,可以有效提高节点的静力承载能力,并且加劲肋的方向、数量以及厚度的变化都会对节点的静力性能产生影响。同时,由于加劲肋的存在,主管管壁的变形受到限制,传统的以主管管壁变形来判定节点是否发生破坏的方式不再适用,因此本文提出了新的判定节点发生破坏的方式。     

贯穿式加劲肋对螺栓连接钢管节点轴压承载力影响的试验研究

各国现行钢结构规范中,对螺栓连接钢管节点的极限承载力均未提及具体的构造措施及计算方法。通过对8个带加劲肋的螺栓连接钢管节点试件进行了单轴受压承载力试验研究,探讨了该类节点在单轴受压条件下的承载力-变形曲线和破坏模式,并对环板、主管及支管的应力-应变情况进行了分析。研究表明:仅通过单轴试验就推出所有破坏模式过于武断,建议限定说明,使其更合理;采用环板、十字连接板对支管与主管进行螺栓连接并设置加劲肋的钢管节点,其破坏模式为环板局部面外失稳,设置加劲肋能有效抑制整体的面外失稳;其次,加劲肋板贯穿主管可以提高节点的整体刚度和极限承载力,且施工方便,是值得采用的节点设计方法之一。     

新型海洋平台组合结构-钢管连接节点轴压性能研究

不锈钢管中管钢管混凝土海洋组合平台是一种新型海洋平台组合结构形式,平台上下组块的连接节点既是结构设计的重点也是施工组装的关键,为保证该平台上下组块连接的可靠性,在JZ20-2北高点井口平台的基础上,提出了2种新型节点形式:过渡件连接和隔板加劲肋连接.基于有限元软件ABAQUS对2种节点形式进行足尺建模分析,着重探讨其在轴压条件下的受力性能.通过研究隔板厚度,加劲肋个数、厚度、高度等因素对隔板加劲肋式节点极限承载能力的影响进行了节点优化.结果表明:过渡件和隔板加劲肋式不锈钢管中管钢管混凝土-钢管连接节点均能够满足海洋平台承载能力的要求,且较于传统纯钢空心钢管连接拥有较高的承载力和良好的延性,其中增加隔板厚度、提升加劲肋个数和厚度可以有效提高隔板加劲肋式节点的极限承载能力.     

钢管混凝土加劲环管板节点受力性能研究

为研究钢管混凝土加劲环管板节点在轴向拉力作用下的受力性能,开展了3个节点试件的单调加载试验,分别得到了管板节点加强前后的荷载-位移曲线和破坏模式。试验结果表明：SPR节点在单调荷载作用下主管和加劲环发生局部屈曲,表现为延性破坏;CFT节点在荷载作用下主管壁发生剪切破坏,荷载-位移曲线没有明显的屈服段,表现为脆性破坏;CFTR节点在荷载作用下,连接板处加劲环发生剪切破坏,同时加劲环局部V形屈曲;加劲环能够明显提高管板节点的承载力,同时改善节点的塑性性能;相较于主管外设加劲环,主管内部填充混凝土具有更好的承载力提升效果,节点的刚度变大但塑性性能变差;钢管混凝土加劲环管板节点具有加劲环和混凝土的双重特性,在显著提高节点承载力的同时保障节点塑性性能。在264个有限元模型参数分析的基础上,得到了双加劲环管板节点受拉承载力的计算方法,给出了加劲环厚度和宽度组合的设计建议。基于极限分析的塑性铰线方法,推导出SP节点和SPR节点极限承载力的理论计算模型,计算结果与有限元结果吻合较好。     

方钢管混凝土穿芯高强螺栓-端板节点滞回性能研究

对3个方钢管混凝土柱穿芯高强螺栓-端板节点试件进行了伪静力试验研究。采用有限元程序ANSYS对节点进行了循环荷载作用下的三重非线性有限元分析,研究了轴压比、混凝土强度、高强螺栓预拉力、端板厚度及端板加劲肋等因素对节点滞回性能的影响。结果表明,轴压比和混凝土强度对节点滞回性能影响较小,减小高强螺栓预拉力将显著降低节点的耗能能力,端板加劲肋和端板厚度对节点性能有明显的影响,但设置加劲肋比增加端板厚度对改善节点性能更有效。试验与计算结果表明,穿芯高强螺栓-端板节点具有很好的强度、刚度、延性和耗能能力。     

轻质高强方钢管轻骨料混凝土加劲X形节点构造和承载力研究

为研制轻质高强桁架节点构造及其承载力,对Q345B方钢管轻骨料混凝土加劲X形节点和基本型节点进行了静力加载试验,考察了支主管间设置加劲板和支主管内浇灌轻骨料混凝土对节点破坏模式和承载力的影响。试验结果表明：加劲节点的破坏模式有加劲板与剪压支管焊缝开裂、剪压支管翼板被加劲板拉开、剪压支管在靠近加劲板外端截面剪压破坏;基本型节点的破坏模式为支主管焊缝开裂;支主管间设置的加劲板明显推迟了节点的屈服和断裂进程,支主管内浇灌轻骨料混凝土有效防止了方钢管屈曲,显著提高了节点承载力,加劲节点的焊缝开裂荷载和极限承载力较基本型节点分别提高63.3%和18.3%。根据加劲X形节点试验破坏模式,推导了考虑加劲板应力传递和扩散效应的方钢管轻骨料混凝土加劲X形节点的加劲板与剪压支管焊缝开裂、剪压支管翼板拉开、剪压支管剪压破坏的力学计算模型和承载力计算式。建议的加劲X形节点的承载力计算式的计算误差为-27.8%～+3.7%。     

国家体育场桁架柱内柱多腹杆焊接节点性能研究

对国家体育场钢结构桁架柱的节点进行了比例为1∶5的缩尺模型试验研究和有限元分析。该节点为主桁架梁与桁架柱的连接节点,由1根菱形内柱与11根箱形截面腹杆形成的复杂空间管节点,并且节点内布置了许多加劲肋。论文介绍了节点的试验方法,描述了整个加载过程中节点行为和最后的破坏模式。从节点受力性质、构造、几何尺寸等角度,讨论了节点的破坏机理。研究表明节点的薄弱环节出现在受压腹杆,发生局部屈曲。弦杆内设置加劲肋是防止弦杆板件塑性破坏和局部屈曲的有效构造措施。论文提出了实际结构中该节点设计和制作时应采取的措施。     

国家体育场焊接方管桁架双弦杆KK型节点试验研究

正在建设的国家体育场两两斜交的主桁架构成了许多双弦杆焊接方管KK型节点,该节点连接焊缝密集,构造极其复杂。本文对这种在管结构中较为独特的节点进行了1∶4的缩尺模型承载力试验研究,详细介绍了节点的试验方法和结果,讨论了节点的受力性能、破坏模式以及节点内部加劲肋的作用。研究表明该节点的构造措施较完善可靠,节点具有较高的承载力。节点的薄弱部位处在受压腹杆端部,发生局部屈曲。弦杆内部纵横向加劲肋的设置有效地增强了节点强度和刚度。腹杆端部的局部放大改善了腹杆向弦杆的传力,降低了应力集中。     

Strength of tubular welded joints of roof trusses in Shanghai Qizhong Tennis Center

Static strength of multi-planar welded joints with seven brace members and one chord member made of circular hollow sections is investigated in the paper, based on the engineering practice of moveable roof trusses of Shanghai Qizhong Tennis Center. Firstly, comparative experiments were carried out on two model joints with a scale of 1:3. One joint was not reinforced, whereas the other was reinforced with ring stiffeners inside the chord member. Failure mode, stress distribution, plastic-zone development and ultimate load capacity of the joints were investigated, and effects of the ring stiffeners on the joint behavior were observed through the experiments. Secondly, finite element analysis of both the tested model joints was performed. The calculation results are in a good agreement with the experimental results, which indicated that the numerical analysis was quite effective. Finally, the strategy for enhancing strength of the complicated joint is discussed. Parameters study on the constructional details of ring stiffeners was carried out using FE method. The present research shows the multi-planar circular hollow section joint with high ratio of diameter to thickness of the chord and multiple braces is liable to chord plasticity under axial tension and compression on the braces. For the design of the joint, it is suggested that the ring stiffeners are installed insider the chord to meet needs of enough stiffness and strength. Both position and number of the stiffeners should be carefully determined based on the axial forces on the braces and their diameters. The stiffener thickness should not be less than the chord thickness, and the diameter of the hole at the center of the stiffener should not be greater than half of the chord diameter.     

Strength of tubular welded joints of roof trusses in Shanghai Qizhong Tennis Center

Static strength of multi-planar welded joints with seven brace members and one chord member made of circular hollow sections is investigated in the paper, based on the engineering practice of moveable roof trusses of Shanghai Qizhong Tennis Center. Firstly, comparative experiments were carried out on two model joints with a scale of 1:3. One joint was not reinforced, whereas the other was reinforced with ring stiffeners inside the chord member. Failure mode, stress distribution, plastic-zone development and ultimate load capacity of the joints were investigated, and effects of the ring stiffeners on the joint behavior were observed through the experiments. Secondly, finite element analysis of both the tested model joints was performed. The calculation results are in a good agreement with the experimental results, which indicated that the numerical analysis was quite effective. Finally, the strategy for enhancing strength of the complicated joint is discussed. Parameters study on the constructional details of ring stiffeners was carried out using FE method. The present research shows the multi-planar circular hollow section joint with high ratio of diameter to thickness of the chord and multiple braces is liable to chord plasticity under axial tension and compression on the braces. For the design of the joint, it is suggested that the ring stiffeners are installed insider the chord to meet needs of enough stiffness and strength. Both position and number of the stiffeners should be carefully determined based on the axial forces on the braces and their diameters. The stiffener thickness should not be less than the chord thickness, and the diameter of the hole at the center of the stiffener should not be greater than half of the chord diameter. __________ Translated from Journal of Building Structures, 2007, 28(1): 36&2-42 [译自: 建筑结构学报]     

火灾中外伸端板节点的弹簧模型和试验研究

为得到外伸端板节点的抗火性能,采用火灾试验炉对4个足尺H型钢进行了火灾行为的研究。从试验中得到了外伸端板节点试件的破坏特征和破坏模式。通过比较有无加劲肋以及不同厚度的端板的节点的抗火能力,分析了加劲肋和端板厚度对节点抗火能力的影响。此外,还描述了弹簧模型,用于预测外伸端板钢节点在高温下的性能。节点构成被认为由预先设定力学性能的弹簧构成,例如,刚度和强度。高温下的节点响应可以通过汇集构成、刚度和强度来预测,而刚度和强度的下降由中国现行的钢结构火灾安全技术规范建议的升温过程来设定。结果表明,模型计算结果与试验数据很吻合。     

Numerical analysis of the axial strength of CHS T-joints reinforced with external stiffeners

This study reinforced circular hollow section (CHS) T-joints with external stiffeners and analyzed the axial strength of both the unreinforced and reinforced T-joints. The SHELL181 element in ANSYS was used to establish FE models of the T-joints. A comparison between the experimental results indicated that the numerical method could be used to compute the strength for the unreinforced and reinforced CHS T-joints. To further investigate the reinforcement effect of the external stiffeners, a numerical parametric study was conducted. The study then evaluated the variations in strength of differently sized stiffeners. It was found that the joint strength increased significantly as the size of the stiffener increased. The reinforcement effect is more dependent on the stiffener length than on the stiffener height, but it is reasonable to adopt stiffeners with equal lengths and heights since this shape is commonly-used in engineering projects.     

Experimental and Numerical Study on Complex Multi-planar Welded Tubular Joints in Umbrella-Type Space Trusses with Long Overhangs

A test rig with multi-functional purposes was specifically designed and manufactured to study the behavior of multi-planar welded tubular joints subjected to multi-planar concurrent axial loading. An experimental investigation was conducted on full-scale welded tubular joints with each consisting of one chord and eight braces under monotonic loading conditions. Two pairs or four representative specimens (two specimens for each joint type) were tested, in which each pair was reinforced with two kinds of different internal stiffeners at the intersections between the chords using welded rectangular hollow steel sections (RHSSs) and the braces using rolled circular hollow steel sections (CHSSs) and welded RHSSs. The effects of different internal stiffeners at the chord–brace intersection on the load capacity of joints under concurrent multi-planar axial compression/tension are discussed. The test results of joint strengths, failure modes, and load–stress curves are presented. Finite element analyses were performed to verify the experimental results. The study results show that the two different joint types with the internal stiffeners at the chord–brace intersection under axial compression/tension significantly increase the corresponding ultimate strength to far exceed the usual design strength. The load carrying capacity of welded tubular joints decreases with a higher degree of the manufacturing imperfection in individual braces at the tubular joints. Furthermore, the interaction effect of the concurrent axial loading applied at the welded tubular joint on member stress is apparent.     

苏州火车站站房钢结构复杂节点设计研究

苏州火车站屋盖结构采用空间菱形大跨度钢管桁架结构,局部为双向交叉菱形桁架。桁架汇交杆件数量多、直径大,节点构造非常复杂。工程节点主要采用相贯焊接的形式,受力集中和几何构型非常独特的部位采用铸钢节点。焊接节点域进行局部加厚,并在主通弦杆内部设置环形加劲肋,以提高节点承载力。铸钢节点域根据构件的几何尺寸与空间关系确定主通杆件与加劲肋的设置方式,采用渐变壁厚的方式满足受力平衡过渡以及铸造工艺的要求,并在构件端口设置构造环肋以及反向焊接坡口解决与钢管的连接。通过有限元分析与试验研究对上述节点构造的合理性进行了全面分析,确保节点具有较大的安全储备。     

内加劲环间距对空间圆管相贯节点性能的影响

以大连国际会议中心为工程背景,应用大型通用有限元分析软件ANSYS对内置加劲环空间圆管相贯节点进行了非线性有限元分析.本文简要介绍了计算节点有限元模型各关键参数的具体设置,系统分析了在其他参数不变的前提下内加劲环间距对节点强度、刚度以及破坏模式等性能的影响,提出了在相贯节点主管内设置加劲环的合理构造要求,为该工程的设计提供了理论依据.