圆钢管柱-H形梁外环板式节点抗连续性倒塌性能试验研究

以2个圆钢管柱-H形梁外环板式节点为研究对象,采用双半跨单柱型梁柱子结构,通过对中柱施加静力荷载的大挠度试验及有限元分析考察梁柱节点在中柱失效的连续性倒塌条件下的力学性能。结果显示,试件的破坏均位于环板外伸段与梁的连接截面,发生在梁弦转角大于0.08 rad之后。全焊连接试件截面呈现自下翼缘至上翼缘的连续性断裂现象,而栓焊连接试件截面断裂可限制在下翼缘并依靠腹板螺栓传力。梁柱子结构在加载前期主要通过抗弯机制提供竖向抗力,在加载后期逐渐转变为依靠悬索机制抵抗上部荷载。栓焊混合连接试件在截面断裂后可充分发展截面轴力,因此在加载后期可通过悬索机制提供更高的承载力,表现出较全焊连接试件更为富余的后期强度储备。     

连续性倒塌工况下钢管柱框架节点的破坏模式与鲁棒性

采用双半跨单柱型梁柱子结构,通过静力加载试验考察了圆钢管柱外环板节点与方钢管柱内隔板节点在中柱失效连续性倒塌工况下的破坏模式,并以梁柱子结构竖向抗力来评估梁柱节点的鲁棒性。试验参数包括连接方式、螺栓布置、梁端构造与跨高比。试验结果表明,在柱顶施加竖向位移的过程中,梁柱子结构的破坏均出现在梁柱节点部位,不同的连接构造呈现出不同的损伤演化机制。节点破坏模式可分为梁端连续性破坏、梁端间断性破坏与柱身破坏三类。当节点破坏发生在梁端,采用全焊连接的节点发生梁端连续性破坏,采用栓焊混合连接的节点发生梁端间断性破坏。柱身破坏模式的发生前提为下层内隔板与柱身脱离,与腹板连接方式无直接关系。在梁端间断性破坏或柱身破坏的演化过程中,节点在初始断裂后仍可保持有效的梁柱拉结作用,悬索机制得以开展并为梁柱子结构提供稳定的后期承载力,节点具有较好的鲁棒性。节点若发生梁端连续性破坏,梁端截面面积逐步减小导致梁柱拉结作用削弱,梁柱子结构无法有效开展悬索机制,节点鲁棒性能较差。     

不同跨度比组合梁柱子结构抗倒塌性能试验研究

为研究不同跨度比对组合梁柱结构抗倒塌性能的影响,以栓焊连接节点组合梁柱子结构(两跨三柱型)为研究对象,以相邻跨度的比值（简称跨度比）为试验参数,对3个不同跨度比(1.4∶1、1.0∶1、0.6∶1)的子结构进行单调静力加载试验,考察了其在中柱失效后的抗倒塌性能。试验结果表明,3个试件的变形形态基本相似,试件在加载过程中表现出多次间断性破坏特征,当失效柱与梁端受拉翼缘连接处发生断裂后,对应梁端截面弯矩急剧下降导致其受弯性能大幅降低,该组合梁的悬链线机制抗力超过梁机制抗力贡献起到主要作用;而未发生破坏的梁,其受弯性能下降不明显,此时主要通过梁机制和悬链线机制共同抵抗外荷载,表现出双跨梁抗力机制的不同步性。试件在梁机制阶段,随着跨度比的减小,3个试件的塑性荷载依次提升,初始断裂位移随之减小,并且相比非等跨试件,等跨试件因双跨组合梁之间的协同作用可使结构在大变形阶段提供高于前期受弯阶段的抗力。引入抗力贡献系数,定量分析了3个试件双跨梁不同的抗力机制分别对总抗力的贡献占比。基于能量平衡原理获得了组合梁柱子结构在突加外荷载作用下的结构动力响应,可将最大动力荷载点作为组合梁柱子结构是否发生倒塌的依据。     

螺栓连接预制混凝土梁-板子结构抗连续倒塌机理研究

为研究螺栓连接预制混凝土(PC) 结构的抗连续倒塌性能,制作一个两跨1/3缩尺的螺栓连接PC梁-板子结构试件,采用堆加均布荷载与Pushdown相结合的加载方式研究其在受力过程中的开裂模式和抗力曲线。结果表明：螺栓连接PC框架具有较好的变形能力;在加载初期试件抗力主要由梁和板的抗弯机制提供;与RC结构不同的是压拱机制作用对PC梁抗倒塌贡献较少。由于梁柱节点部位螺栓附近混凝土容易发生撕裂破坏导致预制梁提早退出工作,但板中钢筋网在大变形阶段可以发展拉膜机制使得子结构可以继续承受荷载,不至于发生倒塌破坏。通过有限元软件LSDYNA建模,进一步分析了螺栓连接PC结构的预制梁与板(预制板和后浇叠合层)对结构抗力的贡献。有限元分析表明,预制板及后浇叠合层在加载初期的抗力贡献高达87%,在大变形阶段由于叠合层钢筋网发展拉膜机制,其抗力贡献也高达72%。     

螺栓连接预制混凝土梁-板子结构抗连续倒塌机理研究

为研究螺栓连接预制混凝土(PC)结构的抗连续倒塌性能,制作一个两跨1/3缩尺的螺栓连接PC梁-板子结构试件,采用堆加均布荷载与Pushdown相结合的加载方式研究其在受力过程中的开裂模式和抗力曲线。结果表明:螺栓连接PC框架具有较好的变形能力;在加载初期试件抗力主要由梁和板的抗弯机制提供;与RC结构不同的是压拱机制作用对PC梁抗倒塌贡献较少。由于梁柱节点部位螺栓附近混凝土容易发生撕裂破坏导致预制梁提早退出工作,但板中钢筋网在大变形阶段可以发展拉膜机制使得子结构可以继续承受荷载,不至于发生倒塌破坏。通过有限元软件LSDYNA建模,进一步分析了螺栓连接PC结构的预制梁与板(预制板和后浇叠合层)对结构抗力的贡献。有限元分析表明,预制板及后浇叠合层在加载初期的抗力贡献高达87%,在大变形阶段由于叠合层钢筋网发展拉膜机制,其抗力贡献也高达72%。     

冷弯薄壁型钢货架梁柱节点子结构抗连续性倒塌性能研究

为研究冷弯薄壁型钢货架梁柱节点子结构的抗连续性倒塌性能,构建了考虑材料断裂的节点双半跨子结构精细化数值分析模型,综合考虑立柱、挂齿、螺栓等关键组件间的复杂接触关系。通过已有节点试验验证了模型准确性后,对6个具有不同立柱厚度、螺栓数目、横梁高度和梁跨高比的节点子结构进行精细化数值分析,揭示钢货架锁螺栓节点在连续性倒塌工况下的破坏模式和抗力机制,探究节点构造特征和梁跨高比等因素对节点内力效应和子结构抗力性能的影响机理。数值分析结果表明：锁螺栓节点在连续性倒塌工况下的破坏模式主要包括挂齿撕裂和立柱撕裂,以及挂齿撕裂和挂片端板剪断两类,且与立柱厚度紧密相关;梁柱节点子结构弯矩效应和轴力效应发展曲线存在一定规律,加载初期子结构弯曲机制抗力发展迅速,但所有节点子结构的竖向承载能力以悬链线机制的竖向抗力为主;节点构造对子结构抗连续性倒塌性能存在一定影响;梁跨高比越大,弯曲机制控制阶段越短,悬链线机制发挥得越快,但抗力越低。     

Comparison of progressive collapse behavior between inner-diaphragm stiffened and through-diaphragm stiffened concrete filled SHS column-H beam joints

以2种方钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁栓焊连接刚性节点为研究对象,通过静力试验和数值模拟考察梁柱节点在结构连续性倒塌条件下的受力性能,并对比内隔板与贯通式隔板两种柱横向加劲板形式对节点子结构抗力机制发展以及承载能力的影响。结果显示,节点初始破坏均位于梁下翼缘的连接截面。节点子结构在加载前期主要通过弯曲机制提供竖向抗力,在加载后期逐渐转变为依靠悬链机制抵抗上部荷载。相比于内隔板构造,贯通式隔板构造使梁下翼缘更容易产生断裂,梁下翼缘断裂所对应节点子结构变形大小主要对弯曲机制的发展产生影响,进而影响到节点子结构所能承担的最大动荷载。     

内隔板式与隔板贯通式方钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁节点抗连续倒塌性能对比

以2种方钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁栓焊连接刚性节点为研究对象,通过静力试验和数值模拟考察梁柱节点在结构连续性倒塌条件下的受力性能,并对比内隔板与贯通式隔板两种柱横向加劲板形式对节点子结构抗力机制发展以及承载能力的影响。结果显示,节点初始破坏均位于梁下翼缘的连接截面。节点子结构在加载前期主要通过弯曲机制提供竖向抗力,在加载后期逐渐转变为依靠悬链机制抵抗上部荷载。相比于内隔板构造,贯通式隔板构造使梁下翼缘更容易产生断裂,梁下翼缘断裂所对应节点子结构变形大小主要对弯曲机制的发展产生影响,进而影响到节点子结构所能承担的最大动荷载。     

连续Z字形布置防屈曲支撑RC框架结构拟静力试验研究

提出一种新型的连续Z字形布置防屈曲支撑钢筋混凝土框架结构体系,并对该新型结构体系的1/2缩尺的子结构试件进行拟静力试验。每个子结构试件包括由钢筋混凝土梁、柱构成的钢筋混凝土部分和两个防屈曲支撑。试验结果表明,防屈曲支撑连接部位的竖向抗力与水平向抗力是相对独立的,防屈曲支撑在该新型结构体系中工作性能良好。同时通过试验发现,防屈曲支撑节点板相对于钢筋混凝土梁柱节点可能会发生一定的转动,导致为节点板提供水平抗力的预应力螺栓受力不均,还可能使为节点板提供竖向抗力的钢筋混凝土剪力键受到一定的拉力作用。这些不利因素需要在连接部分的设计中予以考虑。     

基于纤维模型的顶底角钢腹板双角钢连接组合梁柱子结构抗倒塌机理分析

为研究不等跨顶底角钢腹板双角钢连接组合梁柱子结构的抗倒塌机理,对一个缩尺比1/3的两跨三柱型梁柱子结构进行了单调静载试验。试验结果表明：压拱机制主要提高了组合梁负弯矩区的受弯承载力,通过增强梁机制可以提升子结构的倒塌抗力,角钢发生断裂后,楼板迅速连结剩余构件形成新的传力路径,悬索机制显著发挥;因短跨组合梁率先发生破坏,子结构效能发挥效率仅为83%。在考虑子结构各部件接触关系及损伤演化的基础上,通过组件法对梁柱连接部件进行合理简化;基于OpenSEES形成高效的数值方法,并基于纤维模型进行参数分析,明确高跨比对子结构抗力的影响。研究结果表明,当高跨比较小梁的高跨比大于1/14,高跨比较大梁退出工作后,剩余结构无法提供更高的抗力,角钢断裂时子结构达到峰值荷载;当梁的高跨比小于1/17,钢筋在小变形阶段进入受拉状态,受压区混凝土与钢筋的应力异向加速混凝土的强度退化,并削弱组合梁受弯承载力;高跨比较大梁主导梁机制的发展,其退出工作后梁机制开始下降;双跨梁的不对称轴力可使压拱机制提前退出工作,有利于悬索机制的形成。     

未补强焊接梁柱接头之应用于箱形柱

探讨钢结构特殊弯矩构架梁柱接头的耐震行为,梁柱接头采用未补强焊接梁柱接头,特点在于厚梁翼板、箱形柱断面、且焊接扇形孔采用美国AWS的建议,以盼能提供良好的韧性行为。以试验方法进行两组实尺寸试体的试验,梁柱子结构承受反复载重。试验结果显示,两组试体皆可达4%弧度层间变位角,梁发展塑性弯矩强度;破坏肇因于梁翼全渗透焊道裂缝造成的撕裂。研究成果提供预审合格梁柱接头更广泛的实务应用。     

Seismic design of reduced beam section steel moment connections with bolted web attachment

Recent test results on reduced beam section (RBS) steel moment connections showed that specimens with a bolted web connection tend to perform poorly due to premature brittle fracture of the beam flange at the weld access hole. The measured strain data appeared to indicate that a higher incidence of base metal fracture in bolted web specimens is related, at least in part, to the increased demand on the beam flanges due to the web bolt slippage and the actual load transfer mechanism which is significantly different from that usually assumed in connection design. In this paper, the practice of providing web bolts uniformly along the beam depth was brought into question. A new seismic design procedure, which is more consistent with the actual load path identified from analytical and experimental studies, is proposed. A pilot test specimen designed by following the proposed procedure exhibited sufficient cyclic connection rotation capacity without fracture.     

Cyclic behaviour of post-Northridge WUF-B connections

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cyclic behavior of post-Northridge Welded Unreinforced Flange-Bolted web (WUF-B) connections made using new notch tough welding materials and welding procedures, and a modified access hole. Since no WUF-B connection test results were found which satisfy the minimum design and detail requirements of the 2002 AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings, this study made three full-scale test specimens of WUF-B connections according to the provisions. The main variable of the specimens was the ratio of the panel zone strength to the connected beam strength (panel zone strength ratio). Quasi-static cyclic testing was conducted. This study found that post-Northridge WUF-B connection specimens having a stronger panel zone experienced more significant slip between the bolted shear tab and the beam web. It was observed that the slip caused stress concentrations in and around the access hole, resulting in connection failure. The WUF-B connection specimen having the weakest panel zone did not, however, experience excessive slip between the bolted shear tab and beam web. Moreover, this WUF-B specimen could not achieve the required beam strength. This study observed that post-Northridge WUF-B connections with a panel zone strength ratio ranging from 0.9 to 1.6 provides a drift ratio exceeding 0.2. This drift ratio is required for satisfactory performance of the connections of Intermediate Moment Frames. Furthermore, this study proposed an analytical model for post Northridge WUF-B connections having different panel zone strength ratios.     

足尺钢梁柱刚性连接节点抗震性能试验研究

通过10个不同连接构造的足尺钢梁柱刚性连接节点的试验,研究了标准栓焊连接节点、标准全焊连接节点、梁翼缘加强型节点、梁翼缘局部削弱型节点以及梁贯通型节点在梁端往复荷载作用下的破坏过程、破坏形态、承载力和塑性变形能力等抗震性能。试验结果表明,梁翼缘局部切割削弱和梁翼缘加盖板节点的梁的极限塑性转角大于0.03,梁贯通型节点、梁下翼缘加腋节点和梁翼缘打孔节点的梁的极限塑性转角大于0.02,其余类型节点的都小于0.02。对实测的梁翼缘和腹板的应力分布的分析表明,梁根部翼缘处于三向应力状态,是其脆性断裂破坏的原因之一。建议钢框架梁柱连接优先采用梁翼缘加梯形盖板节点和梁下翼缘加腋节点。     

Strength criteria for bolted beam-column connections

This paper describes an experimental investigation into the strength parameters of bolted beam-to-column connections. Fifteen specimens of beam-column connections were tested with 16 mm, 20 mm and 24 mm diameter bolts and 12 mm, 16 mm and 20 mm endplates for a constant beam and a constant column cross section using both pulsating and gradually increasing ‘static’ loads.Test connections were designed to the Australian specifications. All connections, except one, met the strength requirements by transferring the nominal plastic moment of the beam across the connection. According to the design criteria, the bending of the endplate was the predicted mode of failure, but experiments revealed different phenomena. Specimens failed generally with the yielding of column flanges/web and welds around the beam tension flange. High factors of safety were obtained for specimens tested with thin endplates.     

扇形焊接开孔于钢骨梁柱接头耐震行为之影响

扇形焊接开孔为进行梁翼板全渗透开槽焊接时所需之工作孔。然而,实尺寸梁柱接头试验证实,传统梁腹板锁螺栓及梁翼板全渗透焊接之钢构造梁柱接头,常于扇形开孔处发生突然性之脆性破坏。本研究采用非线性有限元素分析方法,探讨扇形焊接开孔于钢骨梁柱接头耐震行为上之影响,包括扇形开孔几何形状对接头区力学行为之影响。分析结果显示,平顺接至梁翼板之扇形开孔能将最大塑性应变之发生位置移离扇形开孔根部,减少因几何形状不连续所造成之应力集中现象,降低局部区域之韧性需求;无扇形开孔之梁柱接头可避免有扇形开孔之缺陷,大幅的改善梁柱接头之韧性行为。     

Ductile moment connections used in steel column-tree moment-resisting frames

This paper presents analytical and experimental studies on the cyclic behavior of beam-to-column moment connections used in steel column-tree moment-resisting frames. The column-tree system is joining the column-trees and link beams in the field while the column-trees are fabricated in the shop by welding stub beams to the column. The proposed ductile column-tree connections have two distinctively improved connection details which are no weld access hole detail and a widened flange of the stub beam. Nonlinear finite element analysis demonstrated the effectiveness of the improved connection details which significantly reduce the stress concentration and plastic strain demands at the beam flange groove weld. Cyclic testing of three full-scale specimens was conducted to verify the proposed connection details. All the specimens successfully developed ductile behavior with no brittle fracture by forming the plastic hinging of the beam away from the beam-column interface. The widened flange and no weld access hole details are effective in reducing the potential of brittle fracture.     

Experimental investigation of beam-to-column connection with SHN490 steel under cyclic loading

Seismic performance of beam-to-column connections used in the middle-low rise buildings was investigated through the cyclic loading test. Four joint specimens were prepared in accordance with the variables of material and connection type. In two cases of welded connection, the brittle fracture in weld did not occur but cracked at heat-affected zone (HAZ) and/or near weld access hole. In the connections with extended end-plate, punching failure followed by end-plate failure occurred at the flange of column around bolt head. The moment capacities based on failure modes were calculated and compared with the test results. The connections were classified as rigid, semi-rigid, flexible in terms of bending stiffness and strength.

     

L形钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁全螺栓装配节点抗震性能研究

为同时实现梁柱之间和柱柱之间装配,提出一种适用于多高层钢结构的异形钢管混凝土柱与H型钢梁的全螺栓连接节点.上柱、下柱、L形件与H型钢梁4个模块在工厂制作完成,在施工现场通过螺栓进行装配,可实现梁与柱、柱与柱之间的快速连接.通过改变盖板螺栓数量、加劲肋种类设计了4个节点,对其进行了拟静力试验与有限元分析,获得了节点的滞回...