含Bi2O3的MgO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃核化与晶化动力学研究

使用差热分析(DTA)的方法研究了含Bi2O3的MgO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃粉末(粒度≤0．054mm)的核化与晶化动力学。由此方法确定了样品最大成核速度温度，同时计算出晶体生长的活化能和动力学参数。结果表明，含Bi2O3玻璃的晶化指数(n)和晶体生长维数(m)都为1．15(约等于1)，这说明该玻璃的晶化机制是表面晶化。由Kissinger和Augis—Bennett方程计算出的活化能较为接近，平均值为401kJ／mol。     

Bi2O3-SiO2系统高温熔体研究进展

Bi2O3-SiO2系统是一类重要的无机硅酸盐系统,其晶体材料具有光学、光电、电导、声光、压电等性能.本文综述了目前对于Bi2O3-SiO2系统高温熔体的认识,分析了Bi2O3-SiO2系统高温熔体的粘度突变、液相状态及熔体结构,最后阐明了该领域研究热点、可能的应用以及需要进一步研究开发的课题.     

ZnO对铋锌硼系电子封接玻璃烧结性能的影响研究

利用X射线衍射分析、SEM对Bi2O3-ZnO-B2O3系统低熔点玻璃的烧结性能、玻璃的结晶、烧结后玻璃试样的结构进行了研究.研究结果表明:随着ZnO含量的增加,玻璃试样的烧结收缩率有所增加,烧结变得相对容易,玻璃颗粒液相出现所需要的温度-有所降低.Bi2O3-ZnO-B2O3系统低熔点玻璃粉末的烧结是在有粘性液相参与下的烧结过程,使得玻璃试样的致密化更加有效,效率更高.B组试样中都析出了a-Bi2O3晶相.当温度继续升高时,试样的烧结收缩出现了"滞缓"的现象,试样中有大量的液相出现,试样在表面张力的作用下出现了流散.     

ZnO-P2O5-Sb2O3-B2O3系统玻璃的形成与性能优化研究

采用熔体冷却的方法制备了xZnO-yP2O5-zSb2O3-20B2O3(x=10～30 mol%,y=10～45 mol%,z=10～50 mol%)系统无铅玻璃,研究了该体系玻璃的形成区。采用热膨胀仪、失重法等研究了xZnO-yP2O5-zSb2O3-20B2O3系统玻璃的性能和含有MnO2的20ZnO-40Sb2O3-20P2O5-20B2O3体系玻璃的性能。结果表明,随着Sb2O3含量的增加,xZnO-yP2O5-zSb2O3-20B2O3系统玻璃的转变温度降低。xZnO-yP2O5-zSb2O3-20B2O3系统玻璃的失重随P2O5含量的增加而增加。MnO2的引入降低了20ZnO-40Sb2O3-20P2O5-20B2O3系统玻璃的热膨胀系数和失重。     

Sm2O3掺杂的Bi2O3-ZnO-Nb2O5基陶瓷的烧结特性与介电性能

用传统的固相法合成了Sm2O3掺杂的Bi2O3-ZnO-Nb2O5(BZN)基陶瓷(Bi1.5-xSmxZn0.5)(Zn0.5Nb1.5)O7(0≤x≤0.6,BSZN),通过XRD、AV2782阻抗分析仪等测试手段对其烧结行为、相结构及介电性能进行了系统研究.结果表明纯BZN陶瓷的结构为立方焦绿石单相;当Sm2O3掺杂量较少(0＜x≤0.5)时,样品的相结构仍然保持立方焦绿石单相;随着Sm2O3掺杂量的进一步增加(x≥0.6),样品出现其它相.同时,试样的介电性能随结构的变化而呈现有规律的变化.     

Eu~(3+)掺杂Y_2O_3-Al_2O_3-SiO_2玻璃的制备与荧光性能研究

采用高温熔融法制备了Eu3+掺杂Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2荧光玻璃,探讨了成分对该体系玻璃形成能力的影响,并对不同Eu3+掺杂浓度下的荧光性能进行了研究.结果表明,熔融温度为1500℃条件下,SiO2含量对该体系的玻璃形成能力影响明显,Y/Al摩尔比为3/5时,SiO2含量在52%—68%(摩尔分数)范围内时可以获得玻璃.掺杂Eu3+的Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃具有荧光性能,在395nm波长激发下,在588 nm和614 nm处出现明显的发射峰.随着Eu3+掺杂浓度的增加,该荧光玻璃的发射波长不变,但发射强度有所变化;当Eu3+掺杂浓度为1.5%(摩尔分数)时,特征发射峰强度最大.     

P2O5对Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃结构和分相的影响

通过制备25Na2O-(25-x)Al2O3-50SiO2-xP2O5(x≤25mol％)系统玻璃,并且采用Raman和SEM,研究了高含量P2 O5对Na2 O-Al2 O3-SiO2系统玻璃结构和分相的影响.结果表明:随着P2 O5的不断加入,作为电价平衡体的Na+被逐渐释放,并且充当了网络改变体的角色,造成了硅酸盐网络结构聚合度降低,而磷酸盐网络结构聚合度增大.随着P2 O5的不断加入且Al/P<1时,该系统玻璃发生稳定分相,而且分相机理也由成核-生长转变为亚稳分解.     

Bi_2O_3-MgO复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

通过凝胶-溶胶法制备了Bi2O3-MgO复合材料,用可见光降解罗丹明B,考察了n(Bi)∶n(Mg)、反应温度、活化时间以及煅烧温度等因素对Bi2O3-Mg O光催化性能的影响,并得出最佳制备条件:n(Bi)∶n(Mg)=2,反应温度90℃、活化时间15 h,煅烧温度500℃。     

Bi2O3-SiO2系统固相反应研究

利用XRD、DSC研究了Bi2O3-SiO2系统的固相反应.按物质的量比1∶1将Bi2O3与SiO2混合物在一定温度下处理一定时间获得生成产物并探讨了不同反应条件下产物生成规律.结果表明:亚稳化合物Bi2SiO5在固相反应时产生,并随温度及保温时间按一定规律变化.750 ℃保温不同时间所获试样的XRD谱表明随着固相反应时间的延长,反应物Bi2O3的衍射峰减弱,生成物Bi12SiO20衍射峰增强,反应越完全.在固相反应过程中生成的亚稳相Bi2SiO5随着反应时间延长衍射峰减弱.固相反应温度由700 ℃升高至900 ℃过程中,Bi12SiO20逐渐转变为Bi4Si3O12.     

组成改性对BaO·Ln2O3·nTiO2介质材料温度稳定性的影响

在Ba4.5Nd9Ti18O54主相中引入Bi2O3,Pr2O3改性添加剂,考察了改性离子对材料温度稳定性的影响,研究表明:随Bi2O3含量的增长,介电常数εr显著提高,谐振频率温度系数τf呈V型变化,这与[TiO6]8-八面体畸变程度和Bi2O3在材料中的固溶限相关:在含Bi2O3的体系中引入适量的Pr2O3,温度稳定性得到较好改善,并提高了介电常数.     

Li2B4O7-Bi2O3-WO3玻璃的光学性能研究

采用熔融淬冷方法制备了(100-x)Li2B4O7-x(Bi2O3·WO3)(5≤x≤20)玻璃.采用比重计测定了玻璃密度,分光光度计测量了玻璃的吸收光谱,V棱镜折射仪测量了玻璃折射率.结果表明,随着Bi2 O3·WO3含量的增加,玻璃样品的密度和摩尔体积增大,而氧堆积密度减小;玻璃的吸收光谱中截止波长逐渐向长波方向移动,玻璃的间接跃迁光学带隙、Urbach能和费米能逐渐减小,折射率增大.光学性能的变化和玻璃网络中部分桥氧转变为非桥氧有关.     

氧化铋对浮法玻璃的结构与性能的影响

浮法玻璃的熔化是在非常高的温度下进行的且需要大量的能量。玻璃的熔化和澄清占总能耗的60%左右。氧化铋是一种非常有效的助熔剂,本文研究了氧化铋对浮法玻璃结构与性能的影响。研究表明：在浮法玻璃组成中引入氧化铋,没有改变玻璃的基本结构,Al2O3是以[AlO4]单元,Bi2O3是以[BiO6]为主要单元存在于玻璃的结构之中。随着Bi2O3含量的增加,玻璃抗折强度有所降低,玻璃的密度有所增加。     

掺Bi的MgO-CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2玻璃的吸收和近红外发光特性

研究了4种不同Bi_2O_3掺杂量(0.5%,1%,2%和3%,摩尔分数)的23MgO-11CaO-15Al_2O_3-51SiO_2(摩尔比)玻璃的发光特性。测量了吸收光谱、荧光光谱和荧光寿命。通过电子顺磁共振图谱观察了玻璃受γ辐射前后结构的变化,探讨了玻璃颜色变化和近红外发光的机理。结果表明:在500nm激发下,随着Bi_2O_3掺杂量从1%到3%的逐渐增加,发光波长发生红移,荧光半高宽从312nm增加到352 nm;最优的Bi_2O_3掺杂量为1%,玻璃的受激发射截面和荧光寿命的乘积为3.10×10~(-24)cm~2·s;γ辐射后发光强度的增加和玻璃颜色加深的现象说明Bi掺杂玻璃的近红外发光中心可能是低价态的Bi离子或者Bi团簇。     

铋掺杂铝硅酸盐玻璃的超宽带近红外发光性质

采用高温熔融法制备了组分为50SiO_2-xAl_2O_3-(50-x)MgO-Bi_2O_3(x=5,10,15,20,摩尔比)的铋掺杂铝硅酸盐玻璃。研究了铋掺杂铝硅酸盐玻璃超宽带近红外发光性质,探讨了玻璃基质的光学碱度对铋离子宽带发光特性的影响。结果表明:在690nm和808nm的激发下,铋掺杂铝硅酸盐玻璃的红外荧光中心分别位于1106nm和1294nm;随光学碱度的增强,铋离子的红外发光强度减弱。并对铋离子超宽带发光的机理进行了探讨,认为其红外发光源于低价的Bi~+和Bi~(2+)。     

Bi2O3-ZnO-B2O3低熔点封接玻璃的烧结特性

利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜对Bi2O3-ZnO-B2O3系统低熔点玻璃的烧结性能、结晶特性以及烧结后玻璃试样的结构进行了研究.结果表明:随着B2O3含量的增加,玻璃的转变温度与软化温度都随之提高,影响了玻璃的烧结.Bi2O3-ZnO-B2O3系统低熔点玻璃粉末的烧结有黏性液相参与,使得玻璃试样的致密化更加有效,效率更高.当B2O3含量为5.24%(以质量计)时,玻璃的析晶倾向增大,试样中析出了Bi2482O39晶相.当温度继续升高时,试样的烧结收缩出现了"滞缓",有大量的液相出现,且在表面张力的作用F出现了流散.     

Bi2O3-Ga2O3-CdO系统玻璃的Raman光谱和X射线光电子能谱研究

用X射线光电子能谱和Raman光谱研究了Bi2O3-Ga2O3-CdO系统玻璃的结构，Raman光谱曲线被分离成6个谱带，4条谱带分属于不同键长的Bi-O振动，一条谱带属于Ga-O振动，Bi2O3-Ga2O3二元系统玻璃的Raman散射最强峰位于400－420cm^-1,当Ga^3 被Cd^2 离子取代后，Raman散射最强峰移向595－630cm^-1，随着Ga2O3含量的增加，位于高波数属于Bi-O振动的2条谱带强度降低并朝低波数移动，位于低波数属于Bi-O振动的2条谱带强度增加并朝高波数移动，添加CdO则出现相反的效应，X射线光电子能谱显示出非常低的O1s电子结合能，甚至低于碱硅酸盐玻璃中非桥氧的O1s电子结合能，并且不可能分为桥氧和非桥氧，O1s和Bi4f的电子结合能都随Ga2O3和C dO含量增加而增加。     

Characterisation of glasses in the TeO2–WO3–PbO system

As potential candidates for photonic devices, non-linear materials and coatings, 22 glasses in the TeO₂–WO₃–PbO system have been formulated and prepared by conventional melting at temperatures ranging between 710 and 750 °C. The glass forming area has been determined for a wide region of the corresponding ternary diagram. Structural characterisation of the glasses was conducted through FTIR spectrometry and the variation of density values, which allowed calculation of the glass molar volume and the oxygen molar volume. UV–VIS spectra were recorded to determine optical absorption/transmission and energy gap values. Likewise, such results were correlated with the glasses composition and their ability for optical materials. DTA curves yielded data of transition temperature (T_g), onset crystallisation temperature (T_c) and the thermal stability range of glasses. Crystalline phases formed in devitrified and partially devitrified glasses were detected by X-ray diffraction. The properties and structural features of glasses were discussed in terms of their relative proportion of former/modifier oxides. The main glass former oxide is TeO₂, which arranges [TeO₄] groups with tetrahedral coordination, while PbO plays as glass modifier oxide. Tungsten oxide is incorporated as network former, alternating with TeO₂ and forming mixed linkages Te–O–W and W–O–W. WO₃ is the component that contributes most to increase the glass transition temperature, and to decrease both the oxygen molar volume and the thermal expansion coefficient.     

Physical,thermal, optical,structural and nuclear radiation shielding properties of Sm2O3 reinforced borotellurite glasses

To observe direct effect of samarium (III) oxide reinforcement on physical, thermal, optical, structural and nuclear radiation attenuation properties, a broad-range experimental and numerical investigations were performed with a group of novel borotellurite glasses. FTIR spectra of powdered samples were taken at 250-4000 cm^-1. The transmittance and absorption characteristics, optical band gaps, and Urbach energies were measured. The glass transition temperatures, crystallization temperatures and melting temperature values of the samples were determined. Nuclear radiation shielding properties have been determined for gamma-ray, neutrons and heavy charged particles. The lowest transmittance and highest absorbance were reported for the TBVS1.5 sample with highest Sm₂O₃ additive. In addition, obtained results from the nuclear radiation shielding calculations have showed that TBVS1.5 sample has superior nuclear radiation shielding properties against gamma-ray, neutron and heavy charged particles. The increasing Sm2O3 additive has visibly improved the nuclear radiation attenuation properties by keeping other material properties within usable limits.     

Ultralow sintering temperature and piezoelectric properties of Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3−BiScO3−PbTiO3 for low-temperature co-firing applications

Bi(Zn_1/2Ti_1/2)O₃−BiScO₃−PbTiO₃ (BZT−BS−PT) high Curie temperature piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction method. Systematical investigations on the sintering, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of the piezoceramics have been conducted. It was found that the sintering temperature could be remarkably depressed by varying the compositions in BZT−BS−PT systems. For composition of 11BZT−34BS−55PT ceramic, the sintering temperature is even lowered down to 750°C without any extra additions of sintering aids. Meanwhile, the ceramic sintered at this ultralow temperature presents dense microstructure with relative density up to 97%, as well as optimal properties of piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ of 336 pC/N and Curie temperature of 415°C. The mechanism of low sintering temperature may be ascribed to the low melting point bismuth-based components in BZT−BS−PT solid solutions. Furthermore, 11BZT−34BS−55PT multilayer ceramics have been co-fired at 750°C with Ag internal electrodes. The dense structures, low cost, and optimal comprehensive properties of the co-fired multilayers illustrate obvious advantages of the ultralow sintering temperature in LTCC devices, implying promising applications of this Bi(Zn_1/2Ti_1/2)O₃−BiScO₃−PbTiO₃ high Curie temperature ternary system.     

ZnO和Na2O对CaO-B2O3-SiO2介电陶瓷结构与性能的影响

研究了烧结助剂ZnO和Na2 O对CaO -B2 O3 -SiO2 (CBS)系微波介质陶瓷介电性能、相组成及结构特性的影响。烧结助剂ZnO在烧结过程中与B2 O3 及SiO2 生成低熔点玻璃相 ,有效地降低了材料的致密化温度 ,烧结机理为液相烧结。碱金属氧化物Na2 O虽然能够有效降低材料的烧结温度 ,但会破坏硅灰石晶体结构 ,引起材料微波性能显著降低。通过实验 ,制备出了具有优良微波介电性能的陶瓷材料 ,适用于LTCC基板及滤波器等高频微波器件的生产