（E）-2-（2-（（3-（2，4-二甲基苯基）-1，4-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基氧基）甲基）苯基）-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯（SYP-4903）的合成及杀虫杀螨活性

以间二甲苯为原料,经酰化、酯化、环化和缩合4步制得化合物(E)-2-(2-((3-(2-4-二甲基苯基)-1,4-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基氧基)甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯(SYP-4903),其结构经红外、核磁及元素分析确认.生物活性测定结果表明:该化合物在600 mg/L下对黏虫、小菜蛾、朱砂叶螨、淡色库蚊具有很好的杀虫杀螨活性,在20 mg/L时,对朱砂叶螨的死亡率达到了100%;防治柑橘红蜘蛛田间药效试验,结果表明其活性与对照药剂哒螨酮基本一致.     

一种杂多酸多氮化合物的合成及性质研究

以有机配体1,4-二(1,2,4-三唑-1-甲基)苯、磷钼酸为原料,采用水热法合成了一种杂多酸多氮化合物1。通过x-单晶衍射测定了化合物的结构。研究了该化合物对染料亚甲基蓝的吸附作用,当亚甲基蓝的浓度为5 mg/L时,25 mg化合物的平衡吸附容量qe为4.88 mg/g,去除率达到98%,吸附的动力学研究表明为二级动力学,吸附机理为henry型吸附模型。     

吡唑酰胺类化合物ZJ10520杀菌活性研究

ZJ10520{3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-N-[2-(2-氯-4-三氟甲基-苯氧基)苯基]吡唑-4-甲酰胺}是浙江省化工研究院有限公司创制的一种新型吡唑酰胺类杀菌剂.为了了解其生物活性和内吸性,进行了温室和田间试验.温室试验表明:该化合物在50～100 mg/L剂量下,对水稻稻瘟病和黄瓜白粉病的防效均在85％...     

间二酰胺类化合物NC-1的设计、合成及杀虫活性

为发现高效杀虫剂,采用活性药效基团融合策略,以2-氟-3-氨基苯甲酸甲酯和2-三氟甲基苯胺为起始原料,设计、合成了间二酰胺类化合物N-[2-溴-4-(全氟丙烷-2-基)-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[N-(氰甲基)苯甲酰胺基]-2-氟苯甲酰胺(NC-1),其结构经1HNMR、13CNMR和HRMS确证。初步的室内生物活性测试结果表明,化合物NC-1具有优异的杀虫活性,在质量浓度0.05 mg/L下对小菜蛾的致死率为96.67%,在质量浓度0.625 mg/L下对二化螟的致死率为93.33%。化合物NC-1可作为先导化合物或候选杀虫剂进行深入研究与开发。     

新型吡唑-4-酰胺类衍生物设计、合成与生物活性

为寻找高生物活性的吡唑酰胺类化合物,设计、合成一系列含硫结构的N-吡啶基吡唑-4-酰胺类衍生物,目标化合物结构经1HNMR、13CNMR和有机元素分析或高分辨质谱确证,并进行了杀虫及杀菌活性测试研究。初步杀虫活性测试结果表明,目标化合物在200mg/L对东方粘虫具有中等杀虫活性。同时,测试了目标化合物在50mg/L对5种病菌的离体抑菌活性,化合物N-[(4-氯-2-甲基-6-甲酰胺基)苯基]-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-3-硫甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺If和N-[(4-氯-2-甲基-6-环丙基酰胺基)苯基]-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-3-硫甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺Ig对番茄早疫病菌显示了良好的活性,分别为65.2%和67.1%, 高于对照药百菌清,值得进一步研究。     

吲哚-2-碳酰肼衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性评价

以5-氯-吲哚-2-羧酸为原料,设计合成7个全新的吲哚-2-碳酰肼衍生物,并通过~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR和MS进行结构表征。采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)染色法对化合物的抗人结肠癌细胞(HCT116)、人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)和人肺癌细胞(A549)增殖活性进行评价。结果表明,5-氯-N′-((5-氟-1H-吲哚)-3-亚甲基)-1H-吲哚-2-碳酰肼对HCT116细胞具有显著抑制活性,IC_(50)值为7.72μmol/L,同时发现该化合物能够呈浓度依赖方式诱导HCT116细胞凋亡。     

4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶衍生物的合成及生物活性测定

以4,6-二甲氧基-2-甲基磺酰基嘧啶为起始原料,采用中间体衍生化方法,合成了三类嘧啶类化合物.应用氢核磁共振、红外和元素分析验证了所合成化合物的结构.生物活性测试结果显示大部分化合物具有杀菌活性,其中化合物8在25 mg/L质量浓度下对水稻稻瘟病的抑制率达100%,化合物10c在400 mg/L质量浓度下对黄瓜霜霉病具有100%的防效.部分化合物具有一定的除草活性.     

含3-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶基丙烯腈类化合物的设计、合成及杀螨活性

[目的]合成一系列新型吡啶丙烯腈类化合物,寻找高生物活性分子。[方法]以2,3-二氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶为起始原料,经取代、脱酯、加成反应合成一系列目标化合物。[结果]合成11个结构新颖的3-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶基丙烯腈类化合物,经~1H NMR和元素分析手段,确定了目标化合物结构。生物活性测定结果表明:化合物V-1、V-2、V-3、V-6和V-7在质量浓度为100 mg/L时,对朱砂叶螨(T. cinnabarinus)若螨的致死率均高于80%,化合物V-3在10 mg/L时对朱砂叶螨卵螨的致死率为89.6%,略高于对照药剂。[结论]筛选出的高活性化合物具有进一步优化的前景,为此类化合物的进一步研究提供了参考。     

新型邻甲酰胺基苯甲酰胺衍生物的合成与生物活性研究

合成了9个新型邻甲酰胺基苯甲酰胺衍生物,其结构经1H NMR进行确证。初步杀虫、杀螨活性测试表明所合成的化合物在1 000 mg/L浓度下对磷翅目的粘虫(Mythimna separata)有100%的致死率。在500 mg/L浓度下,大多化合物对同翅目的蚕豆蚜(Aphis fabae)以及稻黑尾叶蝉(Nephotettix cincticeps)具有明显活性,如化合物3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-N-[4-氯-2-甲基-6-[((3,3-二氯烯丙氧基)氨基)羰基]苯基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(14c)对蚕豆蚜的致死率达到89.29%;化合物14b对叶蝉的致死率达到81.82%。在500 mg/L浓度下,所合成化合物对蜱螨目棉红蜘蛛(Tetranchus urticae)没有表现出明显活性。     

(E)-2-(2((6-环丙基-2-(苯胺基)嘧啶-4-基氧基)甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯的合成与杀菌活性

以苯胍碳酸盐和3-环丙基-3-氧代丙酸叔丁酯为原料,经环合反应制得2-苯胺基-4-羟基-6-环丙基嘧啶,再与(E)-2-(2-(氯甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯反应制得标题化合物,其结构经1H NMR进行确证.生测结果表明:该化合物在25 mg/L下对水稻稻瘟病、番茄晚疫病、蔬菜灰霉病、玉米锈病、黄瓜霜霉病和黄瓜炭疽病等都具有100%的防治效果.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。