Important context changes for talking and text messaging during homeward commutes

This paper models the suitability of homeward commutes as a context for talking on a mobile telephone and text messaging. Analysis of these models identifies when and where large changes in suitability frequently arise. To bring commuters the greatest benefits, these are the changes upon which future applications of context-sensitivity and awareness need to focus.     

Important context changes for talking and text messaging during homeward commutes

This paper models the suitability of homeward commutes as a context for talking on a mobile telephone and text messaging. Analysis of these models identifies when and where large changes in suitability frequently arise. To bring commuters the greatest benefits, these are the changes upon which future applications of context-sensitivity and awareness need to focus.     

A longitudinal study of emoticon use in text messaging from smartphones

Our goal in the present study was to understand how emoticons are used in text messaging and, in particular, how genders differed in the frequency and variety of emoticons used via this medium. Previous research has found small and sundry differences in emotive expression online suggesting that technology has closed the gender gap. However, the data collected in these studies were public. In this study, we collected real portions of private communications data from individuals’ smartphones over a 6-month period. SMS messages, in general, were not used very much overall, with only 4% of all messages containing at least one emoticon. Still, differences between genders manifested in the amount and variety of emoticons used. Females sent more messages with emoticons; however, surprisingly, males used a more diverse range of emoticons.     

Texting insincerely: The role of the period in text messaging

Text messaging is one of the most frequently used computer-mediated communication (CMC) methods. The rapid pace of texting mimics face-to-face communication, leading to the question of whether the critical non-verbal aspects of conversation, such as tone, are expressed in CMC. Much of the research in this domain has involved large corpus analyses, focusing on the contents of texts, but not how receivers comprehend texts. We ask whether punctuation – specifically, the period – may serve as a cue for pragmatic and social information. Participants read short exchanges in which the response either did or did not include a sentence-final period. When the exchanges appeared as text messages, the responses that ended with a period were rated as less sincere than those that did not end with a period. No such difference was found for handwritten notes. We conclude that punctuation is one cue used by senders, and understood by receivers, to convey pragmatic and social information.     

Advantages of speech over text: Voice messaging vs electronic mail

The value of voice as a communications medium is undisputed. This paper looks at what voice messaging systems are and their place in relation to text-based messaging systems. It concludes that each has its place and the keys to the effective use of each include selecting a community of need and providing appropriate facilities. In the longer term the medium will become less important and apparent.     

Children's text messaging: abbreviations,input methods and links with literacy

This study investigated the effects of mobile phone text‐messaging method (predictive and multi‐press) and experience (in texters and non‐texters) on children's textism use and understanding. It also examined popular claims that the use of text‐message abbreviations, or textese spelling, is associated with poor literacy skills. A sample of 86 children aged 10 to 12 years read and wrote text messages in conventional English and in textese, and completed tests of spelling, reading and non‐word reading. Children took significantly longer and made more errors when reading messages written in textese than in conventional English. Further, they were no faster at writing messages in textese than in conventional English, regardless of texting method or experience. Predictive texters were faster at reading and writing messages than multi‐press texters, and texting experience increased writing, but not reading, speed. General spelling and reading scores did not differ significantly with usual texting method. However, better literacy skills were associated with greater textese reading speed and accuracy. These findings add to the growing evidence for a positive relationship between texting proficiency and traditional literacy skills.     

College students' text messaging,use of textese and literacy skills

In this study, I examined reported frequency of text messaging, use of textese and literacy skills (reading accuracy, spelling and reading fluency) in a sample of American college students. Participants reported using text messaging, social networking sites and textese more often than was reported in previous (2009) research, and their frequency of textese use varied across contexts. Correlational analyses revealed significant, positive relationships between text messaging frequency and literacy skills (spelling and reading fluency), but significant, negative relationships between textese usage in certain contexts (on social networking sites such as MySpace? and Facebook? and in emails to professors) and literacy (reading accuracy). These findings differ from findings reported in recent studies with Australian college students, British schoolchildren and American college students. Explanations for these differences are discussed, and future directions for research are presented.     

语义、句法网络作为语体分类知识源的对比研究

基于6种语体的句法和语义树库分别构建了依存句法和语义网络,对这些网络的边数、节点数、节点平均度、聚类系数、平均最短路径长度、网络中心势、直径、节点度幂律分布的幂指数、度分布与幂律拟合的决定系数等整体特征进行了对比分析。以这些整体特征为变量,采用不同的聚类方法,对这6种语体的句法和语义网络进行了聚类分析。研究结果显示,同样是基于语言学原则构建起来的网络结构,依存句法网络和依存语义网络之间有明显差异。其参数的含义不尽相同,依据其各项参数所做的聚类实验的结果也不相同。采用语义网络的一些主要参数组合,可以获得相对合理的聚类结果,但不能很好地区分书面语体和口语体;通过句法网络的一些主要参数组合,可以很好地区分不同语体的文本,获得较为合理的文本聚类结果。     

Using the uses and gratifications theory to understand gratifications sought through text messaging practices of male and female undergraduate students

This study focused on the Uses and Gratification (U&G) Theory and analyzed the seven most highly sought gratifications using SMS text messaging and discovered current trends as to which uses and gratifications are most and least popular as well as significant differences between male and female texters when U&G is applied. A total of 513 college students who voluntarily participated in the study revealed that there were sex differences among specific uses and gratifications sought through text messaging.     

The influence of screen size and text layout on the study of text

This study investigates the effects of screen size (12 inch versus 15 inch) and text layout (well structured and ill structured) on the learning of text presented on the monitor of a personal computer. Two aspects of learning are assessed. A summary and a multiple-choice test are employed to measure the amount of information retained. Efficacy of learning is assessed by learning time and by cognitive effort, as measured by the performance on a secondary task. The results indicate that neither screen size nor text layout has a significant influence on the required cognitive effort or on the amount of information acquired. There is, however, a significant (main) effect of screen size on learning time: subjects using a 15 inch screen need less learning time than subjects using a 12 inch screen, with no difference in learning performance. It is suggested that more efficient integration processes in constructing the semantic representation are responsible for this reduction in learning time. Implications for future research are discussed.     

Formal verification of a pervasive messaging system

As ubiquitous computing becomes a reality, its applications are increasingly being used in business-critical, mission-critical and even in safety-critical, areas. Such systems must demonstrate an assured level of correctness. One approach to the exhaustive analysis of the behaviour of systems is formal verification, whereby each important requirement is logically assessed against all possible system behaviours. While formal verification is often used in safety analysis, it has rarely been used in the analysis of deployed pervasive applications. Without such formality it is difficult to establish that the system will exhibit the correct behaviours in response to its inputs and environment. In this paper, we show how model-checking techniques can be applied to analyse the probabilistic behaviour of pervasive systems. As a case study we apply this technique to an existing pervasive message-forwarding system, Scatterbox. Scatterbox incorporates many typical characteristics of pervasive systems, such as dependence on sensor reliability and dependence on context. We assess the dynamic temporal behaviour of the system, including the analysis of probabilistic elements, allowing us to verify formal requirements even in the presence of uncertainty in sensors. We also draw some tentative conclusions concerning the use of formal verification for pervasive computing in general.     

基于ASP的网站后台手机短信实时监控系统的设计与实现

随着计算机技术的日益普及,越来越多的企事业单位建立了门户网站.网站在给单位提供便利的同时,却也要承担被黑客攻击的风险.网站的安全维护涉及的范围十分广泛,其中网站后台密码被窃取是网站被攻击的一个重要原因.本文研究当用户登录网站后台时,网站自动通过手机短信通知管理员以及时判断网站是否被攻击.     

Continuance use intention of enterprise instant messaging: a knowledge management perspective

Instant messaging has been widely utilised by a variety of types of organisations to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of internal communication and knowledge management (KM). To date, though, the continuance use of enterprise instant messaging (EIM) and its impact on KM outcomes have not been well understood in both academia and practice. This paper uses the decomposed theory of planned behaviour to explore factors that influence continual usage of EIM applications within organisations, as well as the impact of the continuance use decisions on knowledge creation, transfer, and retention within organisations. Our results are useful in developing guidelines and strategies to increase the likelihood of the continuance use of EIM and to improve the potential outcome of its use within organisations.     

Tycho: a wide-area messaging framework with an integrated virtual registry

In a distributed environment remote entities, usually the producers or consumers of services, need a means to publish their existence so that clients, needing their services, can search and find the appropriate ones that they can then interact with directly. The publication of information is via a registry service, and the interaction is via a high-level messaging service. Typically, separate libraries provide these two services. Tycho is an implementation of a wide-area asynchronous messaging framework with an integrated distributed registry. This will free developers from the need to assemble their applications from a range of potentially diverse middleware offerings, which should simplify and speed application development and more importantly allow developers to concentrate on their own domain of expertise. In the first part of the paper we outline our motivation for producing Tycho and then review a number of registry and messaging systems popular with the Grid community. In the second part of the paper we describe the architecture and implementation of Tycho. In the third part of the paper we present and discuss various performance tests that were undertaken to compare Tycho with alternative similar systems. Finally, we summarise and conclude the paper and outline future work.

一种多功能网络即时通讯系统的设计

分析目前互联网即时通讯工具存在的问题,提出一种网络即时通讯系统的设计方案,阐述该方案的具体设计和实现方法,实现了人性化的界面设计与功能设计。经测试,系统能满足人们即时通讯的需求,达到预期的设计效果。