Some recent trends in the calibration literature

Calibration is a part of all scientific activity and many calibration methods have been proposed and introduced over the years. Univariate calibration is quite simple but not as useful as multivariate calibration, which is complicated. Outsiders and active chemometricians alike tend to lose overview of the literature. What are the differences between the calibration methods? What should be looked at besides the choice of calibration methods? What are the best diagnostics and how should they be interpreted? Many more questions can be asked. A general introduction to some of the topics is given and supplemented by recent literature.     

Complex network analysis of keywords co-occurrence in the recent efficiency analysis literature

Scientometrics - A network analysis (NA) of keyword co-occurrences for a broad collection of Data envelopment analysis (DEA) papers in the period 2008–2017 is carried out. The raw keywords...     

Indexing important drugs from medical literature

Health maintenance is one of the foremost pillars of human society which needs up-to-date solutions to medical problems. The advancement in the biomedical field has intensified the—information load that exists in the form of clinic reports, research papers, or lab tests, etc. Extracting meaningful insights from this corpus is equally important as its progress—to make it valuable for recent medicine. In terms of biomedical text mining, the areas explored include protein–protein interactions, entity-relationship detection, and so on. The biomedical effects of drugs have significance when administered to a living organism. Biomedical literature is not widely explored in terms of gene-drug relations, hence needs investigation. Indexing methods can be used for ranking gene-drug relations. In scientific literature, Hirsch’s the h-index is usually used to quantify the impact of an individual author. Likewise, in this research, we propose the Drug-Index, a quantifiable measure that can be used to detect gene-drug relations. It is useful in drug discovery, diagnosing, personalized treatment using suitable drugs for relevant genes. For a strong and reliable gene-drug relationship discovery, drugs are extracted from a subset of MEDLINE—a bibliographic medical database. The detected drugs are verified from the PharmacoGenomics KnowledgeBase (PharmGKB)—a publicly available medical knowledgebase by Stanford University.

     

Lessons from recent accidents in radiation therapy in France

Many accidents in radiotherapy have been reported in France over the last years. This is due to the recent legal obligation to declare to the national safety authorities any significant incident relative to the use of ionising radiation including medical applications. The causes and consequences of the most serious events in radiotherapy are presented in this paper. Lessons can be learned from possible technical dysfunctions, from human errors or organisational weaknesses as to how such events can be prevented. The technical aspects are addressed here: in particular, dosimetric issues.     

Moisture losses from perishable commodities: recent research and developments

Moisture loss from stored perishable commodities has been a subject considerable research interest in recent years, both from the standpoint of improved design of refrigerated storages and measurement of transpiration coefficients. This Paper presents a review of recent literature on the subject.     

The choice of examiner patent citations for refusals: evidence from the trilateral offices

Utilizing a novel methodology based on international family-to-family patent citation data, this paper directly compares X/Y patent citations (i.e., those cited as grounds for rejections, equivalent to “blocking patents” in the US) between major patent offices. Remarkable discrepancies between the offices were revealed, despite the common patentability criteria of novelty and inventive step to generate citations. This paper then introduces a simple cosine similarity measurement between a family of X/Y patent citations and all citations added globally to the same original application. How the discrepancies of X/Y patent citations at the European Patent Office (EPO) and the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) relate to the characteristics of applications and longitudinal aspects of office actions were also examined. X/Y patent citations from both the EPO and USPTO commonly show that the range of patent application classes is positively correlated with divergent reasons for refusal, suggesting that costly examinations lead to diversified X/Y patent citations. One novel methodological feature of this paper is that examiner citations across jurisdictions are comparable if we employ family-to-family citations and common criteria for the X/Y citation category. Furthermore, unlike the normal citation-generating process where a citing document adds citations to prior art only once, this paper represents the first attempt to analyze a citation network with multiple citing opportunities from separate parties. We find that the variance of citation linkages has a negative relationship with the ease in which different citers evaluate prior art in the same way, thereby providing a new perspective on the notion of breadth in citation impact.     

Measurements of trapped protons and cosmic rays from recent Shuttle flights

Two new charged particle detectors have been flown in five recent Shuttle flights. The tissue-equivalent proportional counter measures the lineal energy spectrum of space radiation in the 0.26-300 keV micrometer-1 range. The charged particle spectrometer is a double dE/dx x E and dE/dx x Chrenekov detector system which provides a measurement of the differential energy spectrum of protons from 13 to 350 MeV and dose rate in silicon. In this paper the dose rate, equivalent dose rate, and radiation, quality factor for trapped protons and cosmic radiation are reported on separately. A comparison of the integral LET spectra with recent transport code calculations shows significant disagreement. Using the calculated dose rate from the omnidirectional AP8MAX model with IGRF reference magnetic field epoch 1970, and observed dose rate as a function of geographic latitude and longitude, the westward drift of the south Atlantic anomaly has been determined. The east-west effect has also been studied and a 'second' radiation belt observed. A comparison of the galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) lineal energy transfer spectra with model calculations shows disagreement comparable with those of the trapped protons.     

Towards prediction of paradigm shifts from scientific literature

Amid the enormous volume of knowledge generated due to knowledge explosion, to a great extent, scientific literature mining can play a crucial role in research evaluation and tracking of important developments. Linked through citation relations, scientific literature forms network of papers or citation networks. Citation network analysis is gaining recognition as effective tool for research evaluation. Paradigm shift detection is of great importance to a multitude of beneficiaries and prediction of such paradigm shifts is of much greater gravity towards policy making. Recently, a metric named Flow Vergence (FV) gradient is proposed to detect paradigm shift pivots in scientific literature using the property named as FV effect. In this paper, its predictive power is investigated and tested statically and dynamically using publications in the field Nanotechnology for Engineering for a period 1989–2014. Validation included a post analysis validation of the field in 2017. As predictive power of FV gradient is confirmed, it can be regarded as an effective method for prediction of likely paradigm shifts and added to the tool kit of research evaluators and policy makers.     

Review: a review of the recent methods for determining trap depth from glow curves

The paper reviews some of the important methods used in determination of the trap depthE from glow curves. Their suitability, merits and demerits are examined.     

Healthy by choice

How can physical scientists contribute to biomedical applications and healthcare?     

Determinants of ownership-based entry mode choice of MNEs: Evidence from Mongolia

Abstract and Key Results