PA66/蒙脱土纳米复合纤维性能的研究

对PA66/蒙脱土 (MMT)纳米复合材料进行了纺丝及拉伸试验 ,并对该纤维的力学性能、热性能进行了研究。结果表明 ,制得的PA66/MMT纳米复合材料纤维的模量有一定的提高 ,干热收缩性也有所改善 ,但纤维的断裂强度有所下降。     

PA6/PSAM/MMT纳米复合材料制备与性能研究

将聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酰胺)季铵盐(PSAM)修饰蒙脱土(MMT)与尼龙(PA)6熔融共混,制备了PA6/PSAM/MMT纳米复合材料。考察了在MMT含量相同的情况下不同丙烯酰胺含量的PSAM修饰MMT对纳米复合材料力学性能的影响,并通过热重分析、X射线衍射等方法对此种纳米复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,当PSAM中丙烯酰胺的质量分数为10%时,PA6/PSAM/MMT纳米复合材料的综合性能较好。     

蒙脱土(MMT)/PA纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

用熔融插层法制备 MMT/PA纳米复合材料 ,先合成有机改性蒙脱土 ,再将 PA6和 PA66分别与改性 MMT共混制成纳米复合材料。表征了其结构和力学性能 ,观察了 MMT/PA6和 MMT/PA66纳米复合材料的阻燃特性。发现纳米 MMT也能将 PA66的冲击强度提高近 50 % ,并能提高 PA6的 LOI,与其他阻燃剂起协同效应     

新型相容剂对PP/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的影响

采用高接枝率的聚丙烯(PP)三单体固相接枝物(TMPP)为相容剂,制得PP／蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料。研究了不同相容剂用量对纳米复合材料结构与性能的影响。结果表明,当ω(TMPP)和ω(MMT)均为3％时,纳米复合材料的最大结晶峰温度从PP的113．9℃提高到125．5℃;当m(TMPP)/m(MMT)为1：1时,纳米复合材料的弯曲强度提高25％,弯曲模量提高50％,相容剂含量继续增加,纳米复合材料的力学性能没有进一步提高;纳米复合材料热失重20％时的温度与PP相比提高了70℃。     

NBR／PP／蒙脱土纳米复合体系的制备和性能研究

以丙烯酸接枝聚丙烯为增容剂,采用熔融复合方法制备出NBR/PP/蒙脱土纳米复合体系。对丙烯酸熔触接枝PP的增容体系进行了深入得研究,其次还对未处理的MMT和处理过的纳米MMT对共混物结构和性能得影响进行了讨论。研究表明,在使用丙烯酸接枝PP对NBR/PP体系得增容性较好,通过熔融共混得方法制备了NBR/PP/蒙脱土纳米复合材料。对复合材料的介电性能,力学性能和相容性进行了研究,用红外光谱和扫描电镜表征该复合材料的结构。结果表明:丙烯酸接枝聚丙烯能够很好的改善PP和NBR、MMT的相容性,当十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)改性的蒙脱土用量为5Wt%、PP-g-AA用量为10Wt%时,NBR/PP/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的断裂伸长率提高20%,拉伸强度提高10%,撕裂强度提高80%。     

PA66/MMT纳米复合材料的制备及结构与性能研究

采用熔融插层法通过双螺杆挤出机制备了PA66/蒙脱土（MMT）纳米复合材料，其综合力学性能较纯PA有显著的提高，利用X射线衍射，透射电镜研究了复合材料的结构。发现该材料为剥离型的纳米复合材料，同时研究了复合材料的力学性能，当有机化MMT质量分数为2%时复合材料的综合力学性能最好。拉伸强度明显提高，冲击强度也有一定的提高。     

聚丙烯/PP-g-MA/MMT复合材料的制备与性能研究

固定增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-NA)的含量为10%,采用熔融共混制备出聚丙烯(PP)/PP-gMA/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料,并研究了不同含量MMT对复合材料的力学性能、球晶大小和SEM形貌等的影响。结果表明,当MMT质量分数为3%、PP-g-MA质量分数为10%时,PP/PP-g-MA/MMT纳米复合材料中MMT的分散性较好,冲击强度达到4.2 kJ/m~2,比纯PP提高了45%,而拉伸强度降低不明显。     

两步法制备聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料及其性能研究

采用两步法制备聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料PP/MMT,考察了工艺配方和制备条件对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,两步法制备工艺对PP/MMT的力学性能有明显提高,最佳工艺配方:蒙脱土含量为2%,相容剂含量为15%,最佳制备条件:加工温度200℃,螺杆转速50 r/min。在此条件下制备的PP/MMT复合材料中蒙脱土达到纳米级分散。     

分散相含量对PP/PA66原位微纤复合材料微观形态和性能的影响

为解决玻璃纤维、碳纤维及芳纶纤维等增强聚丙烯(PP)出现的生产成本高、工艺复杂、能耗较高及难以回收等问题,采用一次挤出熔融、二次挤出拉伸的方法制备了PP/尼龙66 (PA66)原位微纤复合材料(MFCs),并通过与普通PP/PA66共混物对比,分析了分散相含量对形成微纤形貌的影响及原因。探究了分散相含量对复合材料的结晶性能、流变行为以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,PA66微纤可以对基体PP异相成核起到促进作用;随着PA66含量的增加,复合材料的储能模量、损耗模量和复数黏度也随之增大;当PA66质量分数为15%时,MFCs的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均达到一个最优值,分别为36.96 MPa和52.4 MPa,比普通共混材料增加了53.3%和40%,当PA66质量分数为25%时,MFCs的冲击强度最大增加了94%。     

原位聚合制备尼龙610/改性蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究

采用增塑剂N-甲基苯磺酰胺对蒙脱土(MMT)进行改性,通过原位聚合法制备了尼龙(PA)610/改性MMT纳米复合材料。研究了改性MMT用量对PA610/改性MMT纳米复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,当改性MMT的质量分数为4%时,纳米复合材料的冲击强度和拉伸强度达到最大值,断裂伸长率则随着改性MMT用量的增加而降低。扫描电子显微镜观察发现,改性MMT均匀分散在PA610基体中。     

碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料的制备及性能

采用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混法制备了碳纤维(CF)增强尼龙66复合材料(PA66/CF),对其结构进行了表征,并研究了其力学性能。扫描电镜照片显示,在PA66/CF复合材料中,CF与PA66基体充分粘结在一起,其微观形貌表明,体系中碳纤长度为0.5~0.7 mm。力学性能测试发现,与尼龙66相比,PA66/CF复合材料各项力学性能指标均有大幅度提高。当加入4束碳纤维时,PA66/CF复合材料力学性能最佳,该复合材料的拉伸强度为200.2 MPa,与PA66相比提高了113.2 MPa;弯曲强度为280.2 MPa,比PA66提高了190.3 MPa;弯曲模量为13560.8 MPa,比PA66提高了10628.7 MPa;冲击强度为14.8 kJ/m^2,比与PA66提高了6.3 kJ/m^2。该PA66/CF复合材料密度较小、力学性能优良,可以广泛应用于风电叶片、发动机罩盖、仪表盘、车尾门等产品当中。     

Polyamide 66/Clay Nanocomposites via Melt Intercalation

Polyamide 66/clay nanocomposites (PA66CN) were prepared via a melt compounding method using a new kind of organophilic clay, which was obtained through co‐intercalation of epoxy resin and quaternary ammonium into Na‐montmorillonite. The dispersion effect of silicate layers in the matrix was studied by means of XRD and TEM. The silicate layers were dispersed homogeneously and nearly exfoliated in the matrix as a result of the strong interaction between epoxy groups and PA66. The mechanical properties and heat distortion temperature (HDT) of PA66CN increased dramatically. The notched Izod impact strength of PA66CN was 50% higher than that of PA66 when the clay loading was 5 wt.‐%. Even at 10 wt.‐% clay content, the impact strength was still higher than that of PA66. The finely dispersed silicate layers and the strong interaction between silicate layers and the matrix reduced the water absorption, at 10 wt.‐% clay content; PA66CN only absorbs 60% water compared with PA66. The addition of silicate layers changed the crystal structure in PA66CN.     

短切碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料研究进展

碳纤维的表面处理和尼龙的改性以及各种碳纤维/尼龙基复合材料的制备是当前研究热点之一。与纯尼龙相比,碳纤维的加入使材料表现出更优异的力学和摩擦学性能,拓展了尼龙高技术领域的应用空间。概述了碳纤维/尼龙66复合材料的制备方法、结构及性能方面研究进展,并提出了相关研究方向,为今后提高碳纤维增强尼龙66基复合材料力学性能和摩擦学性能研究提供参考。     

阻燃增强增韧尼龙66的制备及工艺研究

以十溴二苯醚和氮磷复合物为阻燃剂,以玻璃纤维为增强剂,加入自制增韧剂,制备了阻燃增强增韧尼龙(PA)66材料,并对其阻燃性能和力学性能进行了表征,研究了加工工艺对改性PA66材料性能的影响。     

几种插层剂改性的MMT／PA66纳米材料的性能

用多种插层剂合成了有机改性蒙脱土（MMT），将PA66与改性MMT共混制成纳米材料，表征了其结构和力学性能。5％的纳米MMT1631能将PA66的冲击强度提高近50％，3％的MMT1827能将PA66的断裂伸长率提高52．5％，观察到MMT／PA66纳米塑料的无熔滴等阻燃特性，总结了不断插层剂改性MMT／PA66纳米材料的特点，发现MMT与常规阻燃剂之间有力学协效作用和阻燃协效作用，能提高PA66的力学性能和阻燃性能。     

A comparison of the temperature dependence of the modulus, yield stress and ductility of nanocomposites based on high and low MW PA6 and PA66

Nanocomposites with both organically modified and unmodified silicate have been prepared by an extrusion process using low and high molecular weight grades of PA6 and a low MW grade of PA66. Mechanical properties have been tested at temperatures ranging from 20 to 120 °C. The modulus increase in all nanocomposites with organically modified nanocomposites is similar: at room temperature an increase in the modulus of approximately 10% for each wt% of silicate is found. PA66 nanocomposites display an identical normalized modulus increase as PA6 nanocomposites, while unmodified silicate nanocomposites show a smaller increase in the modulus. The yield stress also increases with the addition of layered silicate. Low MW PA6 and PA66 nanocomposites show brittle fracture behaviour at room temperature, while high MW PA6 nanocomposites are ductile. With increasing temperature all nanocomposites become ductile at a certain temperature.     

尼龙基MCA母粒的制备及其在阻燃尼龙的应用

针对三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)粉体对尼龙(PA)进行阻燃改性时,MCA分散性差,材料阻燃性能不稳定的问题,运用特殊的包覆工艺成功制得了PA基MCA母粒。将制得的MCA母粒及MCA粉体分别与PA6或PA66共混挤出,制得阻燃PA材料。对比分析了MCA母粒及MCA粉体阻燃PA6或PA66的垂直燃烧性能和力学性能。结果表明,与MCA粉体相比,MCA母粒可在MCA含量较低的情况下使厚度为0.8 mm及1.6 mm的阻燃PA6或PA66试样的垂直燃烧等级达到V–0级。MCA母粒及粉体对阻燃PA6的弯曲强度和PA66的拉伸强度影响很小,MCA母粒阻燃PA6的拉伸强度较粉体阻燃的高,而阻燃PA66的弯曲强度低;MCA母粒使阻燃PA的缺口冲击强度降低,而MCA粉体对PA的缺口冲击强度影响较小,当MCA含量较低时,MCA母粒阻燃PA的缺口冲击强度明显高于MCA粉体阻燃的PA。制备的MCA阻燃母粒对PA的阻燃效果不受黑色母料的影响,且具有较好的阻燃稳定性。     

阻燃低气味增强尼龙的研究

制备了阻燃低气味的增强尼龙。分析了玻纤加入、尼龙类型和尼龙处理方式对尼龙力学性能的影响;并研究了阻燃剂种类和用量对玻纤增强尼龙性能的影响,最后研究了除味剂种类和用量对玻纤增强尼龙性能的影响。结果表明:短纤增强PA66具有较高的刚性和韧性;PA66经烘烤后所得玻纤增强PA66的刚性较高,而PA66不经烘烤所得玻纤增强PA66的韧性较高;红磷对玻纤增强的PA66阻燃效果好,且不对其力学性能产生影响;随着红磷阻燃母粒用量的增加,玻纤增强PA66的阻燃性能先变好后变差,在红磷用量为21份时达到最佳;凹凸棒石和红磷对玻纤增强PA66有优异的协同阻燃作用,当凹凸棒石用量为在4份时,达到最佳。SW-120和尼龙塑料除味剂同时使用,对玻纤增强PA66的气味有显著的改善。     

Morphology,thermal, and mechanical properties of polyamide 66/clay nanocomposites with epoxy‐modified organoclay

A new kind of organophilic clay, cotreated by methyl tallow bis‐2‐hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium and epoxy resin into sodium montmorillonite (to form a strong interaction with polyamide 66 matrix), was prepared and used in preparing PA66/clay nanocomposites (PA66CN) via melt‐compounding method. Three different types of organic clays, CL30B–E00, CL30B–E12, and CL30B–E23, were used to study the effect of epoxy resin in PA66CN. The morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties have been studied using X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), mechanical, and thermal analysis, respectively. TEM analysis of the nanocomposites shows that most of the silicate layers were exfoliated to individual layers and to some thin stacks containing a few layers. PA66CX–E00 and PA66CX–E12 had nearly exfoliated structures in agreement with the SAXS results, while PA66CX–E23 shows a coexistence of intercalated and exfoliated structures. The storage modulus of PA66 nanocomposites was higher than that of the neat PA66 in the whole range of tested temperature. On the other hand, the magnitude of the loss tangent peak in α‐ or β‐transition region decreased gradually with the increase in the clay loading. Multiple melting behavior in PA66 was also observed. Thermal stability more or less decreased with an increasing inorganic content. Young's modulus and tensile strength were enhanced by introducing organoclay. Among the three types of nanocomposites prepared, PA66CX–E12 showed the highest improvement in properties, while PA66CX–E23 showed properties inferior to that of PA66CX–E00 without epoxy resin. In conclusion, an optimum amount of epoxy resin is required to form the strong interaction with the amide group of PA66. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1711–1722, 2006