基于单片机的步进电机运动控制系统设计

为了改善步进电机的应用性能,提出了由PC机和单片机组成的步进电机控制系统的设计方案,包括硬件设计、软件和界面程序,详细介绍了步进电机的升降速实现原理和方法,用Matlab7.1绘制了升降速的指数曲线。在PC机上用C Builder6.0开发了系统的应用软件,能够通过串口向单片机发送数据产生控制信号,实现对步进电机的控制。试验结果表明,整个系统成本低、运行平稳、可靠性好。     

Linear stepping ultrasonic motor

A linear stepping ultrasonic motor, based on vibrators alternative driving and slider grooves positioning, is proposed in this paper. The step-by-step movements can be obtained by exciting two vibrators of stator by turns. The motor is capable of bi-direction stepping movements without accumulative position errors driven by an open-loop control circuit, which provides single-phase sinusoidal signal via a switch unit to the vibrators. Its step displacement is 1 mm. The speed without load in one step is 7.69 ∼ 8.33 mm/s, and the blocking force is 0.12 ∼ 0.35 N in operating frequency 30 kHz and operation voltage 300 Vpp.     

基于神经网络的模糊控制在开关磁阻电机中的应用研究

把神经网络与模糊逻辑结合起来,利用神经网络的学习控制算法调节模糊逻辑隶属函数,通过对开 关磁阻电机运行特性的分析,提出了一种可应用于开关磁阻电机驱动系统的智能控制方法,理论和仿真结果均证明了这种基于神经网络模糊控制方法在开关磁阻电机驱动系统中应用的可行性和可靠性。     

Modeling of a cylindrical ultrasonic motor based on the single crystals

A novel cylindrical ultrasonic motor based on Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbTiO₃ crystals is proposed. Timoshenko beam theory and Lagrange equation are used to analyze the dynamics behavior of the stator. The contact behavior between the hemispherical rotor and the cylindrical stator is simulated by Hertz theory. The general modeling is established to estimate the ultimate performance of the prototype motor. The numerical results and the mechanical measurements from the prototype motor validate the theoretical analysis.     

基于DSP的无刷直流电机无传感器控制系统设计

针对以往无刷直流电动机反电势法无传感器控制系统存在的一些问题，设计了一种基于数字信号处理器（DSP）的无刷直流电动机无传感器控制系统，详细介绍了系统的控制方案。实验结果表明，系统和硬件和软件设计合理，具有良好的调速性能。     

采用DSP和FPGA直驱阀用音圈电机驱动控制系统

针对直驱阀用音圈电机控制系统的性能要求,以及现有电机驱动控制器存在的不足,提出一种基于浮点数字信号处理器(DSP)和现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)的驱动控制器结构方案.根据系统驱动控制所需功能以及DSP和FPGA各自的特点,进行了功能划分.其中:DSP作为主处理器,主要负责完成上电自检、系统初始化、通讯、以及位置环计...     

The square bar-shaped multi-DOF ultrasonic motor

In this paper a multi-degree-of-freedom (multi-DOF) ultrasonic motor consisting of a square bar-shaped stator and a spherical or plate type rotor was developed. It can generate multi-DOF rotation of the rotor using “shaking beam” principle of linear motion formation based on previous researches. The multi-DOF rotation generated by four contacting points of a square bar-shaped actuator using four d₃₁ piezoelectric plates. The computer simulation by finite element analysis of proposed system is given. The authors used precision laser equipment for testing and measuring both contacting points and surfaces of square bar-shaped actuator.     

Induction motor drive based on the stator flux vector control

This paper presents a new torque control algorithm for induction motors, based on the stator flux vector control. For each sampling period, the value of the stator voltage is calculated to keep the stator flux equal to the reference vector, while the stator flux reference vector is calculated to keep the rotor flux amplitude constant at all operating conditions. An improved stator and rotor flux estimation algorithm is proposed, enabling robust and stable operation of the drive, even at low speeds. The induction motor torque is manipulated by variations of the flux angular velocity, enabling drive operation with fixed switching frequency and ripple-free torque in the steady state. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested through various experimental runs, proving good behavior of the drive in both transient and steady-state operating conditions.     

双模糊神经网络的滑模控制感应电动机伺服驱动研究

根据感应电动机伺服驱动系统高性能的要求,设计了一种基于双模糊神经网络的滑模控制的感应电动机伺服驱动系统.控制策略具有设计过程简单、意义清晰、鲁棒性好等优点,对于参数未知、时变、负载扰动大的伺服系统,它是一种有效的实时控制策略.仿真和实验结果表明:该控制策略大大提高了系统的高速响应能力,鲁棒性强,系统具有较好的动、静态性能和抗干扰能力,是开发高精度、高性能交流伺服系统的一条有效途径.     

Control strategy for motor drive system of electric vehicle

An induction motor drive system is widely used in electric vehicles (EVs). However, most control strategies of these EVs focus only on control of the induction motor without considering the switching of different driving conditions and the changing of motor parameters. The upper limits of the torque generated by the motor are different under different motor parameters and driving conditions, which may lead to the fluctuation of the driving torque and affect the comfort and safety of the driver. This paper proposes a vector‐control‐based flexible control strategy to deal with this problem. First, the threshold values of the automatic speed regulator (ASR) and the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) could change with respect to the state variables of the motor including the change in driving conditions and some motor parameters; second, a backward proportional integral controller, which has a dynamically adjustable threshold, is added to the output of the ASR and AVR to achieve the flexibility of driving torque. Finally, a calculator that has threshold value is added to the input of the ASR and AVR controller. The results of simulation show that the designed flexible control strategy can achieve the stability of motor current, torque, and speed during the switching of different driving conditions. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

一种微控制器实现的多功能电动机保护装置

开发了一种基于微控制器的多功能电动机保护装置。在接触器线圈控制电压优化设计和电子式热继电器保护功能设计的基础上,将两种功能集成于一块微控制器上,设计了通信接口进行远端监控,实现了对电动机的智能保护。应用结果表明,该电动机保护装置具有智能、高效的特点。     

一种基于DSP的超声波电机速度控制系统

介绍了一种基于DSP的超声波电机驱动控制系统.对系统的硬件和软件设计作了说明,利用PI控制策略对超声波电机进行了闭环控制,测试结果表明了方法的可行性。     

MRAS-based sensorless control of a vector controlled five-phase induction motor drive

Multi-phase ac motor drives are nowadays considered for various applications, due to numerous advantages that they offer when compared to their three-phase counterparts. In principle, control methods for multi-phase machines are the same as for three-phase machines. Variable speed induction motor drives without mechanical speed sensors at the motor shaft have the attractions of low cost and high reliability. To replace the sensor, information of the rotor speed is extracted from measured stator currents and voltages at motor terminals. Vector controlled drives require estimating the magnitude and spatial orientation of the fundamental magnetic flux waves in the stator or in the rotor. Open-loop estimators and closed-loop observers are used for this purpose. They differ with respect to accuracy, robustness, and sensitivity against model parameter variations. This paper analyses operation of an open-loop and model reference adaptive system (MRAS)-based sensorless control of vector controlled five-phase induction machine with current control in the stationary reference frame. The MRAS-based sensorless operation of a three-phase induction machine is well established and the same principle is extended in this paper for an IRFOC five-phase induction machine. Performance, obtainable with hysteresis current control, is illustrated for a number of operating conditions on the basis of simulation results. Full decoupling of rotor flux control and torque control is realised. Dynamics, achievable with a five-phase vector controlled induction machine, are shown to be essentially identical to those obtainable with a three-phase induction machine. Experimental verification is also provided.     

基于PIC单片机的新型流量变送器的设计

介绍了一种新型流量变送器的设计,其特点是利用传感器采集流量信号,然后将信号送给PIC单片机进行A/D转换,同时完成对各种器件的配接,实现瞬时流量的显示和对流量的累积积算,并可将瞬时流量结果转换成标准4至20mA信号,完成流量变送器功能.试验表明变送器性能指标达到设计要求,简化了测量系统结构,改善了测量性能.     

Application of reaching law approach to the position control of a vector controlled induction motor drive

In this paper, a new position control method based on the reaching law control (RLC) approach is proposed for the robust position control of electrical drive systems. The main aim of this study is to investigate the robustness of the RLC approach under inertial-frictional variations and external disturbances and to address the application problems of the RLC approach for position control systems. New components are added to the controller in order to improve the robustness. The control method is applied to a vector-controlled induction motor drive system. It is shown in the paper that the practical constraints such as torque limitation, and the demand of high control performance, i.e., high bandwidth, result in undesirable overshoots. The performance of the control method is shown by simulation and experimental results.List of symbols X, X _k Continuous and discrete-time state vectors - x ₁, x ₂ State variables (the shaft position and speed of the rotor) - , _re Position and reference angles (rad) - Angular velocity (rad/s) - A,A _n State variable matrix with true and nominal parameters - B,B _n Control input matrix, with true and nominal parameters - u,u _max Control signal, and its maximum value - A,B Uncertain parts of the state matrix and the control input matrix - Equivalent terms of A, B uncertainties referred to matching condition - C Gain vector of switching function - s _k Switching function - q A constant used in the reaching law - A constant used in the reaching law - A constant used in the chattering reduction approach - T sampling period - J,J _n True and nominal inertia coefficient (kg m²) - B,B _n True and nominal friction coefficient (kg m²/s) - J,B The uncertain parts of the inertia and friction coefficients - T _e Produced (electrical) torque (control signal) (Nm) - Load torque (Nm) - Equivalent term of A referred to matching condition and scalar component - Equivalent term of B referred to matching condition - All uncertainties and disturbances referred to matching condition - J₀,B₀ The variation ratios of the inertia and friction coefficients - G State variable matrix in discrete-time model - H Control input matrix in discrete-time model - Slope of the sliding line (surface) - a Mechanical time constant - v _sd, v _sq Stator voltages in d-q axis (V) - i _sd, i _sq Stator currents in d-q axis (A) - L _s, L _R Stator and rotor self inductances (H) - L _m Mutual inductance (H) - Leakage factor - _e, _sl Stator and slip angular velocity (rad/s) - _r Rotor time constant - P Number of poles     

New design for the high-performance drive system for DC brushless motor

The dc brushless motor, permanent magnet-type synchronous motor (PM motor), has been used widely in industrial robots, the machine tools for factory, and factory automations. Therefore, it is more desirable to improve the performance of the PM motor variable speed control system. Although only the torque component current is adjusted as the control method for the PM motor, so-called Vector Control, it is expected that the developed characteristics will be added to the PM motor. In this paper, new driving methods for the PM motor and a new design method for the variable speed control system are presented. The new motor driving methods which bring to the PM motor a new driving performance, e.g., a quick transient response or high-efficiency motor driving, can be implemented by controlling not only the torque component current, but also the magnetizing component current. A developed optimal control theory, i.e., the error system technique, is employed for designing the control system. The control law is endowed with a steady robustness against the variation of the system parameters and the ability of compensating the delay time due to the control processing. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by simulations and experiments.     

Synthesis and mathematical modeling of synchronous motor drive with digital synergetic control system

A block diagram and mathematical model of a brushless synchronous motor drive with a digital system of the coordinate regulation synthesized based on the principles of synergetic control theory are presented. The efficiency of the synergetic approach as a tool for developing digital ac drives is shown.     

多自由度球形超声波电机的研究进展

多自由度球形电机是电机研究领域的一个前沿课题.本文简要回顾了多自由度球形电机的发展历史和现状,重点分析探讨了四种典型的多自由度球形超声波电机的结构、机理、性能、特点,最后指出了多自由度球形超声波电机的一些研究重点.     

Robust speed estimation and control of an induction motor drive based on artificial neural networks

In this paper, a speed estimation and control scheme of an induction motor drive based on an indirect field‐oriented control is presented. On one hand, a rotor speed estimator based on an artificial neural network is proposed, and on the other hand, a control strategy based on the sliding‐mode controller type is proposed. The stability analysis of the presented control scheme under parameter uncertainties and load disturbances is provided using the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, simulated results show that the presented controller with the proposed observer provides high‐performance dynamic characteristics and that this scheme is robust with respect to plant parameter variations and external load disturbances. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

行波接触型超声波电机特性与控制研究

行波接触型超声波电机的工作原理与电磁型电机的工作原理截然不同,本文对其控制系统各组成部分作了分析,给出了控制器输出波形;并对行波接触型超声波电机定、转子之间的摩擦传动进行了研究,提出了电机效率计算方法,对机械特性与效率曲线进行了计算,计算结果与实验测试结果相符合。