新型钒氮合金研究的探讨

论述了钒铁的磨粉工艺,通过进行钒铁磨粉后粘结剂的选择研究,筛选出了一种既能粘结又对钒铁产品无害的粘结剂,同时设计了一种用于钒铁压饼的锭模;通过多炉次氮化实验,探索了氮化时间与钒氮合金含氮量的关系,实验结果表明:适合FeV50细粉的氮化温度为1 250～1 300℃,适合FeV80细粉的氮化温度为1 350～1 400℃,氮化时间约1 h,得到的FeV50试验产品氮含量超过5%,FeV80试验产品氮含量超过12%。     

高频燃烧红外吸收法测定氮化钒铁中碳和硫

对于含氮量较高的氮化钒铁而言,其熔点高达1 450～1 650 ℃,给测定碳和硫的含量带来难题。利用钒铁标准物质建立校准曲线,钒铁标准物质进行校准验证,设定分析时间为50 s,以0.4 g纯铁和1.4 g钨粒为助熔剂进行助熔,建立了高频燃烧红外吸收法测定氮化钒铁中碳和硫的分析方法。方法中碳和硫的检出限分别为0.001 1%和0.001 3%,方法测定下限分别为0.003 5%和0.004 2%。由于缺乏氮化钒铁标准物质,取一定量的钒铁标准物质,分别与氮化硅铁标准物质混合,参照FeV45N10、FeV55N11氮化钒铁的成分配比配制氮化钒铁合成样品1#和2#,按照实验方法进行测定,所得测定值和理论值基本一致。实验方法测定氮化钒铁样品中碳含量结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=8)在1.2 %～3.0%之间,硫在2.2%～4.2%之间。     

VN12合金化工艺对09V钢性能的影响

探讨了采用VN12合金代替钒铁进行了钒合金化时，钢中氮对钢强度以及时效性的影响。结果表明：采用VN12合金代替钒铁进行钒的合金化所生产的钢强度，钢中增加的氮不会对钢的时效性产生影响。     

氮化钒铁检测方法的研究

目前,氮化钒铁的生产以及产品检测还没有统一标准。承钢是中国重要的钒钛产业基地,承接了编制氮化钒铁国家标准的任务。结合氮化钒铁产品标准的编制,提出了对氮化钒铁中各元素检测方法的研究内容,研究了氮化钒铁产品成分含量检测的9种方法,并对方法的精密度和准确度进行了验证。     

稀土硅铁孕育对高铬合金白口铸铁性能的影响

本文对稀土硅铁、钒铁、钛铁的不同加入量对高铬合金白口铸铁性能的影响进行了实验研究。结果表明，当稀土硅铁的加入量为１．２～１．５％时，冲击韧性达到最大值，硬度也有提高。稀土硅铁孕育可以显著改善碳化物的形态和分布，细化基体组织。当加入量为０．９～１．５％时，大部分碳化物断网，呈孤立状态分布。钒铁的加入量为０．２％时，即可起到明显的孕育作用，机械性能得到提高。     

日本钒铁进口的场趋势

钒铁价格突然出现急剧上升，而且达到了30美元／千克钒的水平。贸易商们现在钒铁的报价上限为34．80，下限为33．80美元／千克钒，相比六月底的价位已经上涨了36％。迄今为止消费者对这次钒铁价格急剧上涨的反应出人意料地平静，但是由于价格急速上涨了10％，钒铁价格的市场动力突然加深了。     

钒铁市场活跃度并未增强

虽然国内钒铁在此前的7月份，行情持续相对平稳运行，价格也一直在低位弱势盘整，毫无起色，但钒铁市场依然是在平静稳定之中进入到了8月份。近日国内钒铁现货主流报价9．1—9．3万／吨，由于对钒铁走势极其看稳，生产厂家低价出货意愿较弱。据了解，钒铁近期询盘情况确实稍有好转，不过实际成交比较疲软，市场活跃度并未显著增强，这也从中反映出终端需求低迷，价格上行缺乏足够动力支撑的现状。     

V2O5和V2O3生产钒铁工艺探讨

介绍了攀宏公司钒铁生产技术及工艺标况，对以V2O5和V2O3为原料冶炼钒铁的工艺作了简要分析，介绍。     

电硅热法冶炼低磷钒铁

根据电硅热法冶炼钒铁的工艺及生产的特点，以还原脱磷和氧化脱磷的热力学分析为基础，探索以低磷钒铁的生产条件，并在实际生产中取得了较为稳定的低磷钒铁生产效果。     

使用专用贫化还原剂冶炼钒铁

通过对钒铁冶炼贫化还原过程的分析 ,针对钒铁冶炼的特点 ,提出并使用了物化性能更加适合钒铁冶炼的专用贫化还原剂代替铝冶炼钒铁 ,经工业生产试用验证 ,可大幅度降低钒铁冶炼的铝耗 ,取得较好的经济效益。     

Design and optimisation of charging ingredients and structure in an ironmaking system (Part II)

In order to maximise the reduction of pig iron cost in an ironmaking process, and at the same time ensure the output and quality of the pig iron, a design and optimisation system for the charging ingredients and structure in an ironmaking system was established using metallurgical theory. The system includes six modules, namely, sinter metallurgical performance testing and analysis, sintering burdening design, sinter component and property prediction, blast furnace burdening design, blast furnace batching calculation and ironmaking system burden optimisation. Based on actual production, testing and material balance theory, the system integrated these modules on VB and MATLAB using a series of intelligent algorithms, such as the BP neural network, multiple objective linear programming, genetic algorithms and so on. As a result, the optimum burden composition and structure of the sinter and blast furnace that satisfied all the constraint conditions could be obtained. Standing as a pinnacle of the global ironmaking production, the system can design and optimise not only the sintering burden, but also the blast furnace burden. Compared with the traditional production testing and hand calculation in the ironmaking system, the project can greatly reduce the production risk and greatly increase the calculation accuracy. Industrial application shows that the system is especially beneficial to reduce the ironmaking cost and at the same time ensure the output and quality.     

Impressions of psychotherapists' offices.

For counseling settings, research suggests that softness, personalization, and order might affect the experience and the perceived expertness, trustworthiness, and social attractiveness of the therapist. This article discusses exploratory studies on college students' perception of the counseling office environment and whether the likely client experience was associated with the softness/personalization and order of the office. As stimuli, the studies used 30 color photographs of psychotherapists' offices viewed from the client's perspective. After obtaining ratings of the characteristics of each office, we obtained ratings from different groups of students of the quality of care and comfort expected in each office (Study 1) and how qualified, bold, and friendly the therapist in the office would be (Study 2). Additional studies examined the likelihood of choosing a therapist based on the office, and the first thought or feeling that came to mind about the office, the therapist, and the patient experience. There were strong correlations in response between groups (by whether they had experienced therapy; their level in school; their gender; and their major, location, and school size). The quality of care, comfort, therapist boldness, qualifications of the therapist, and the likelihood that one would choose a therapist based on the office improved with increases in the office's softness/personalization and order. Friendliness improved with increases in softness/personalization. The office choices, open-ended responses, and reported reasons for the ratings confirmed the importance of softness (comfort) and order. Research should test longer term exposure and behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Lunar Astronomical Observatories: Design Studies

The best location in the inner solar system for the grand observatories of the 21st century may be the Moon. A multidisciplinary team including university students and faculty in engineering, astronomy, physics, and geology, and engineers from industry is investigating the Moon as a site for astronomical observatories and is doing conceptual and preliminary designs for these future observatories. Studies encompass lunar facilities for radio astronomy and astronomy at optical, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. Although there are significant engineering challenges in design and construction on the Moon, the rewards for astronomy can be great, such as detection and study of Earth‐like planets orbiting nearby stars, and the task for engineers promises to stimulate advances in analysis and design, materials and structures, automation and robotics, foundations, and controls. Fabricating structures in the reduced‐gravity environment of the Moon will be easier than in the zero‐gravity environment of Earth orbit, as Apollo and space‐shuttle missions have revealed. Construction of observatories on the Moon can be adapted from techniques developed on the Earth, with the advantage that the Moon's weaker gravitational pull makes it possible to build larger devices than are practical on Earth.     

Development Model for Competitive Construction Industry in the People’s Republic of China

This paper identifies and analyzes the open-policy trend of the Chinese construction industry, which is characterized by trade liberalization, the underlying principle of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Compared to the construction industries in the United States, Japan, and the U.K., the construction industry in China is less developed in its legal framework, industrial structure, technological level, and international market share. To develop a competitive construction industry, the Chinese construction industry needs not only to accommodate appropriate international practice, but also to adapt and adopt it according to the market environment in China. A model to enhance the performance of the Chinese construction industry is proposed. The model consists of six modules: defining government’s role, opening up the construction market and establishing a competitive mechanism, promoting design institutes’ services and empowering professional bodies, encouraging technological innovations, upgrading employees’ educational level, and adopting multiprocurement routes. Recognizing China’s recent accession to the WTO and the attendant boost to its economy and industry development, the paper gives a timely evaluation of the post-WTO Chinese construction industry and proposes a model for its development. The model may serve the needs of academics, Chinese construction policymakers, construction enterprises, design institutes, and foreign contractors.     

ICP-AES法测定硅铝钡铁合金中Al、Ba等9种元素含量

采用电感偶合等离子体分析技术,通过优化电感偶合等离子体光谱仪的工作参数、分析条件,选取仪器最佳分析参数和分析条件,以HNO3、HF、HClO4处理样品,稀盐酸浸取,完成硅铝钡、硅钙钡和硅钙钡铝铁合金中Al、Ba、Fe、Ca、Mn、Cu、Cr、Ni、P9种主次量元素成分的同时测定,方法的回收率达96%～104%,相对标准偏差〈1.5%,能够满足快速分析的要求。     

Review of Attachment in psychotherapy.

Reviews the book, Attachment in psychotherapy by David J. Wallin (see record 2007-05421-000). This intellectual and clinical tour-de-force is what we have been waiting for: a book that is on the one hand a coherent, creative, thoughtful, and remarkably integrated view of contemporary psychoanalysis, with attachment, and attachment processes, at its core, and on the other a reflection on our daily, complex, work with patients. The book has three broad aims: first, to ground the reader in attachment theory and research, second, to broaden the reach of attachment theory by building bridges to other aspects of contemporary psychoanalytic theory and science, and third to apply this broader, deeply psychoanalytic, clinical attachment theory to understanding the dynamics of an individual patient and the dynamics of clinical work. This book should be essential reading for anyone interested in contemporary psychoanalysis. Few writers have the ability to write so directly and clearly about complex science and theory; his scholarship and reach are extraordinary. This book is also a book for therapists at all levels of experience. Throughout every section of the book, Wallin writes about his work with patients, about the therapeutic process, about the therapeutic situation, and about the therapeutic relationship, in all its complexity. In the end, he creates a truly contemporary vision of human development, affect regulation, and relational processes, grounded in the body and in the brain, and in the fundamental relationships that make us who we are, as therapists, as patients, and as human beings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

巩固循环经济成绩,完善体制机制建设

循环经济强调物质、能量循环利用在时间——空间配置上的可能性和合理性,要求自然资源在不断循环中持久利用。围绕循环经济系统观、经济观、价值观、生产观和消费观,结合金川集团自有矿产资源现状与特点,突出如何高效利用矿产能源资源,总结"十一五"以来资源综合利用与循环经济产业取得的成就,坚持把资源节约放在首位,建议集团公司按照"减量化、再利用、再循环、替代化、产业共生网络化和修补化"原则开展循环经济体系与产业建设,加强政策研究与运用,完善循环经济基础制度和管理体系建设,突出循环经济技术攻关工作,创造有利于循环经济发展的环境,促进矿产资源高效利用。     

矿产资源科学开采及其复杂性研究

在“碳达峰”、“碳中和”的目标背景下,绿色低碳、清洁高效成为资源开采的新要求,也对科学开采这一复杂系统问题的研究提出了新的方向。阐述了矿产资源开采理念的发展演化,综述了近年来国内外在科学开采方面的研究现状,构建了安全、高效、绿色、低碳、经济、科学管理“六位一体”的科学开采体系,丰富了科学开采的内涵和框架。从复杂科学问题的判断标准、科学开采体系的特征两方面进行推断,得出科学开采属于复杂问题,承载科学开采复杂问题的系统是复杂系统。以复杂科学的思路研究科学开采的复杂性,构建科学开采复杂系统模型,从顶层设计、中层连接和底层基础3个层次思考了实现科学开采的新途径,为实现矿产资源的科学开采提供了新的发展方向。     

低碳高效高炉的设计研究

高炉炼铁的物理本质是铁素物质流在碳素能量流的驱动和作用下,按照设计的流程网络和运行程序,经过一系列复杂物理化学冶金反应过程,将铁矿石转变/转化为液态生铁的过程。碳素不仅是铁矿石还原过程的能量驱动源,也是生成铁水的重要非金属合金元素。面向全球“碳达峰”“碳中和”的发展形势,传统高炉必须在已有工艺技术的基础上进行改进、优化和创新,努力实现低碳化、高效化、绿色化、智能化等多重目标。提出了未来高炉在实现高效低碳的同时,必须从功能设计、装备设计和流程设计入手,遵循节能减排、低碳绿色新的发展理念,通过工艺优化、结构优化和技术开发,使传统高炉更加适应于炉料结构和燃料结构的变革,减少焦炭消耗和对其依赖,在碳素能量输入降低的条件下,形成新的耗散结构体系,进而实现高炉低碳高效炼铁的工程演进和技术发展。