Zr44Ti11Ni10Cu10Be25块体非晶合金与金属铝箔的扩散连接

采用铜模吹铸法制备出Zr44Ti11Ni10Cu10Be25块体非晶合金,并在真空扩散焊设备中与铝箔进行扩散焊接,研究了锆基非晶合金与Al箔进行超塑性扩散焊连接工艺及其连接界面的原子扩散情况。结果表明,元素的扩散情况与试样的变形量有关,但变形量又不完全影响元素的扩散,而是当变形量达到一定值时,温度越高,元素扩散程度越高。当温度达到713K、变形量达到26%时,元素的扩散程度最高。     

采用Cu-Sn合金镀层扩散焊焊接Q235钢

采用化学镀工艺,在Q235基材表面制备出约2 μm的Cu-Sn合金镀层,在650～800℃温度和2 MPa压力下对合金镀层试样进行真空扩散焊接试验.利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对焊缝区进行了显微组织观察和能谱分析,用拉伸试验评价了扩散焊接接头的连接强度,并分析了金属薄板堆积成形方向扩散焊接变形情况.试验结果表明,采用Cu-Sn合金镀层可以显著提高Q235钢扩散焊接接头的性能.     

Zr_(41)Be_(22.5)Ti1_4Cu_(12.5)Ni_(10)非晶合金摩擦焊工艺及温度场数值模拟

采用摩擦焊工艺对Zr41Be22.5Ti14Cu12.5Ni10非晶合金进行焊接,通过优化焊接参数,得到焊接接头。采用XRD、TEM、维氏显微硬度计对试样接头进行了测试。结果表明,优化后的焊接参数可以成功得到焊接接头,试样仍保持非晶特性,且接头力学性能有所增加。采用ANSYS软件对摩擦焊进行温度场数值模拟,可以验证摩擦焊的工艺参数选择合理。     

珠光体耐热钢12Cr1MoV的瞬时液相扩散连接工艺

研究了珠光体耐热钢12Cr1MoV的瞬时液相扩散连接工艺,分析了接头的力学性能和显微组织,结果表明:采用非晶合金FeNiCrSiB为中间层.连接温度为1200℃,连接压力为4MPa,保温时间在2、3、4min时均可得到良好的焊接接头,并随着保温时间的延长,元素扩散更加充分,接头的力学性能和组织性能都得到了提高.     

FeCrAl合金真空扩散焊焊接工艺与性能

采用真空扩散焊接方法对FeCrAl合金薄板进行了搭接焊.研究了扩散焊焊接工艺参数对接头质量的影响.在金相显微镜下对接头微观组织进行了观察,采用INSTRON1185万能拉伸试验机对接头试样的拉伸性能进行了测定.试验结果表明,焊接温度、焊接压力和保温时间对接头质量有很大的影响.FeCrAl合金在不填加中间层的情况下即可获...     

镍基单晶高温合金TLP扩散焊影响因素研究进展

对中间层合金、焊接工艺参数和母材晶体取向差对镍基单晶合金TLP扩散焊的影响进行了详细讨论。TLP扩散焊中间层成分设计较为成熟的方式是主要合金元素与母材成分相似,并以B为降熔元素;非晶箔带中间层相对于粉状中间层成分均匀且扩散速率快,有利于提高接头性能,是最适用的中间层形式;焊接温度、保温时间、焊接压力及焊后热处理等工艺参数应根据母材和接头性能要求以及加工工序合理选择;待焊试样晶体取向差应尽量减小或消除,避免接头中杂晶降低接头力学性能。     

TiAl合金与GH3039高温合金的摩擦焊接

对TiAl合金与GH3039高温合金异种材料进行了摩擦焊接工艺试验. 基于接头的拉伸性能,初步优化了焊接工艺参数. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对焊接接头组织、焊合区成分变化及接头连接机理进行了分析. 结果表明,TiAl合金与GH3039高温合金两种异种材料摩擦焊接具有可行性,在摩擦焊接过程中热力耦合的作用下,GH3039侧热力影响区塑性变形较大,TiAl合金侧热力影响区变形较小;TiAl合金与GH3039高温合金摩擦焊接连接界面两侧的合金元素发生了扩散,形成了复杂的层状金属间化合物组织结构;断于TiAl合金母材的焊接接头断口属于典型的脆性断口.     

S25C与SUS405钢的真空扩散焊接的研究

研究了S25C与SUS405钢的真空扩散焊接的异种接头结合性能。对于接头的变形率、抗拉强度及硬度进行了试验。提出了获得优质接头的真空扩散焊接的合理工艺参数。     

MGH956合金TLP连接机理及接头组织分析

MGH956合金是采用机械合金化方法制造的氧化物弥散强化高温合金，具有高温力学性能好、高温抗氧化和抗腐蚀性能好的综合优势。自行研制了中间层合金KCol进行MGH956合金过渡液相(TLP)扩散连接试验，分析了接头组织、成分和连接工艺的关系，确定了MGH956合金TLP扩散连接机理。同时，对MGH956合金焊接接头中产生的夹渣缺陷进行了深入的分析。结果表明：在连接温度1240℃、保温8h条件下，可以获得焊接缺陷少、完整连续的焊接接头。     

塑性变形条件对扩散焊接头性能的影响

扩散焊焊接中的塑性变形条件对接头性能有很大影响,目前对其影响规律缺乏系统认识.文中以工业纯钛TA2和工业纯铝L4为连接对象,试验研究了塑性变形过程、变形率及待焊面形态与接头剪切强度的关系,结果表明:在扩散焊初期提供接头塑性变形,同时在后续保温过程中保持小压力而不再继续变形,会得到较高强度的接头;在一定范围内,接头塑性变形率大的试样,其扩散焊接头强度较高;待焊面的设计形态对接头强度有较大影响,屈服强度小的母材一面为曲面,而屈服强度大的母材一面为光滑平整面,有助于提高接头强度.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.