炼铜烟灰生产硫酸锌酸浸条件对锌浸出率的影响

采用炼铜烟灰制取硫酸锌，研究了取条件对浸出率的影响。试验结果表明，用分段连续当浸取，锌取率≥９８％，铁浸取率揣０．０２％以下，其工艺条件为：液固比３：１（质量比），温度８０～９０℃，硫要到加入量３９ｇ／Ｌ（酸浸液），滴酸时间１．５ｈ，浸取时间２ｈ。     

锌灰制备活性氧化锌新工艺

以炼锌厂废锌灰为原料，经硫酸浸取制备活性氧化锌，考察了工艺条件对锌浸出率的影响。实验结果表明：锌灰在50℃浸取，酸用量40g／L，可使锌的溶出率达92．8％。碱式碳酸锌最佳水解温度为40℃，水解时间为2h，pH为7．5时，溶液中锌质量浓度为10g／L，得到96％以上的水解率。采用该工艺制得的氧化锌符合HG／T2572-1994。     

高炉瓦斯泥中有价金属锌和铋的回收利用

以高炉炼铁瓦斯泥为原料，采用湿法浸取回收其中的有价金属锌、铋以制备氧化锌和氯氧化铋。考察了一些主要因素对锌、铋浸取过程的影响，确定了浸取的最佳工艺条件。锌浸取过程最佳工艺条件：浸取温度50℃，氨水质量浓度0．1406g／mL，碳酸氢铵质量浓度0．0998g／mL，液固比3mL／g，浸取时间120min。铋浸取过程最佳工艺条件：浸取温度50℃，硫酸质量浓度0．1292g／mL，氯化钠质量浓度0．0361g／mL，液固比8．2mL／g，浸取时间60min。在此条件下，锌、铋的收率分别为70．0％和72．0％，产品氧化锌、氯氧化铋的质量分数分别达98％和92％以上。开发出一种从钢铁冶金企业瓦斯泥中回收利用有价金属锌和铋的二次资源综合利用的方法。     

硫酸烧渣中铁浸取条件的研究及应用

以硫酸烧渣、废酸为原料制取铁系化工产品。通过硫酸烧渣的活化焙烧及硫酸浓度、固液比、浸取时间等关键工艺条件的研究，得到最佳浸取条件：即烧渣与活化剂质量配比4：1，固液比0．25～0．30g／mL，反应时间40～50min，酸度50％～60％。渣中铁浸取率达到95％以上，浸取液可以直接用于制备铁系产品。     

赤泥脱碱处理和有价金属钛钪提取的研究

赤泥是用碱从铝土矿中提取氧化铝后排除的固体残渣。研究了用石灰脱碱,降低赤泥对土壤的环境危害,并提取其中贵重金属的方法。赤泥脱碱的条件：氧化钙用量占赤泥质量的5％～8％,质量分数20％的石灰乳与赤泥质量比为（3～5）：1,在80～90℃浸取2h,当原赤泥粒度小于180μm时,脱碱后赤泥含总碱质量分数〈1．0％。从赤泥中提取钪、钛采用两段酸浸工艺：先用6mol／L盐酸浸取,盐酸浸出液用质量分数1％的P507萃取,在50℃时用2．0mol／L氢氧化钠溶液反萃取,钪的提取率达90％以上;再用17．1mol／L硫酸浸取,酸渣质量比为3：1,浸取温度为200℃,浸取时间为2h,钛提取率可达95％。     

发酵法黄腐酸提取工艺的研究

对发酵法黄腐酸的提取工艺进行了研究。确定了提取工艺过程，采用二级逆流碱化浸取和酸析纯化步骤，优化了操作温度为常温时的工艺条件。浸取步骤优化的工艺条件为：每克发酵料需NaOH用量为0．04g，液固比为6ml／g，碱化池1和碱化池2中的浸取时间均为6h。纯化步骤优化的工艺条件为：用盐酸调pH值至2．0，沉淀时间为7h。     

含锗烟尘的硫酸浸出工艺研究

为简化含锗烟尘浸出过程,提出一段硫酸浸出工艺。浸出工艺条件为：浸出温度90℃,初始硫酸质量浓度120g／L,液固比8mL／g,浸出时间2．5h,搅拌转速120r／min。在该条件下,锌、锗浸出率分别为99．1％和87．61％左右,最终硫酸质量浓度约34．80g／L。去除不溶性锗后,锗浸出率可达到97．21％。     

富氧催化酸浸低品位锌灰制取氯化锌工艺研究

利用盐酸浸取工业锌灰,所含硫以硫磺形式产出,同时可得高纯氯化锌产品.富氧催化浸取工艺对环境友好,可高效回收有限资源.酸浸锌灰最佳工艺条件:表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠质量浓度为0.2 g/L;盐酸浓度为8.00 mol/L;液固质量比为10∶1;硝酸(催化剂)加入体积为浸取液体积的0.1%;浸取温度为363 K;浸取时间为3 h.在此条件下,锌浸出率达98%以上.如采用工业废酸浸取,并有效回收重金属及副产品硫磺,工业生产成本将会降低,可达到绿色生产之环保目标.     

硫酸锌生产工艺条件研究

摘要：运用正交试验法优化实验方案,研究常压硫酸浸取焙烧锌矿的工艺条件,得出了最佳工艺条件：反应温度70℃,酸度400g/L(H2SO4),固液比1：6,反应时间2．5h,锌一次浸出率高于93％以上,两次总浸出率在98％以上。     

氧化锌粉体的制备及在光催化法处理造纸废水中的应用

以氧化锌粉体作为光催化剂，对经预处理的造纸废水进行处理，结果表明：在氧化锌粉体投入量为0．4000g／L，双氧水的投入量为235．3mmol／L，pH为4．00时，利用500W汞灯光照7h，废水的COD。。去除率为98．8％，出水COD。。为20mg／L。废水的预处理过程：取一定量的造纸废水放人烧杯中，CODcr为2167mg／L，用质量分数为30％的NaOH溶液调节pH到12．00左右，经搅拌加热后即有絮状沉淀，过滤后的滤液备用，滤液CODcr为1104—1626mg／L。氧化锌粉体的制备：将浓度为1．5mol／L的硫酸锌溶液加热至70—80℃，搅拌下滴加体积分数为50％的氨水，     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。