镍钼矿两段氧压酸浸工艺研究

研究了采用两段氧压酸浸工艺从钼镍矿中浸出钼、镍。结果表明:在两段氧压酸浸最佳条件下,镍、钼浸出率分别大于99.5%和75%;Ⅰ段浸出液中,铁离子、硫酸质量浓度均低于2g/L,可直接用离子交换法回收钼、镍,溶液处理成本大大降低。     

从钼精矿压煮液中提取铼

主要介绍含铼钼精矿经过高压釜氧压煮，压煮淬萃取回收铼，经过４次结晶生成粗铼酸铵，最了子交换一成高铼酸和高铼本以及其经济效益。     

用萃取法从酸沉母液中回收钼

叙述了用萃取法从酸沉母液（原液）中回收钼的新工艺方法，原理及其主要影响因素。     

从伊朗钼精矿中回收铼

伊朗钼精矿中钼以二硫化相状态趣在，含铼０．０７％，采用无污染物“氧压煮－萃取”回收铼方案，获得高铼酸铵（含量≥９９．８５％，铼收率〉８８％），并得到工业氧化钼（含钼≥６０％）和钼酸铵（含Ｍｏ≥８１％）等产品，论述了该方案的技术经济参数。     

从钼氨浸渣中回收钼

介绍了采用压热浸取法从钼氨浸渣中浸取钼，浓缩分离余碱，盐酸沉淀制钼酸，氢氧化钠精制钼酸钠，酸沉母液回收钼的工艺。     

镍钼共生矿加压酸浸动力学研究

采用氧压酸浸工艺处理镍钼共生矿。结果表明,钼、镍、铁的浸出率均随着温度的升高、时间的延长基本呈线性上升的趋势,钼、镍的浸出率最高分别达到67.50%、99.62%,而铁的浸出率被抑制在50%以下。经氧压酸浸处理得到的钼渣基本以H_2MO_4形态存在,常规碱浸工艺能将其高效浸出且碱耗量大大降低。动力学研究表明,镍钼共生矿氧压酸浸过程中钼、镍、铁浸出反应的表观活化能分别为11.37、34.95、18.44kJ/mol,钼、镍、铁的浸出反应速率受内扩散控制。     

从钼精矿回收铼的工艺改进

从钼精矿回收铼的工艺改进美国矿务局盐湖城研究中心对从钼精矿回收铼的工艺进行了改进，提出了一种综合性工艺，其组成包括加压浸出、溶剂萃取和离子交换等三部分。当硫化钼在２００～３００℃于氧压２００～３００磅／英寸２加压浸出３～４ｈ时，则硫化钼转变成氧化钼，...     

改进钼精矿中铼的回收

为改进钼精矿中铼的回收，美国矿务局开发了一套由压力浸出、溶剂革取和离子交换组成的完整工艺。工业上，铼是从硫化钼焙烧成氧化钼过程中所排放的气体中进行回收的。因该工艺效率低，所以30％－40％的铼损失掉，而且需要大面积洗气设备才能回收气体SO2。美国矿务局研究人员指出，当硫化钼转变成氧化钼的反应在温度为200－215℃；氧过压为200－300lb／in2，反应时间为3－4h条件下，铼的可溶率达99．9％以上，并且可直接把硫转变成硫酸。处理洗气液的工序是把浸出液的pH值从0．7调到10以回收铼。准备取而代之的新工艺采用溶剂萃取法把铼和所有可溶性钼富集转变成碱性溶液。采用McCabe-Thiele分析法所预示的条件进行溶剂萃取，连续溶剂革取系统由三级革取、一级洗涤、一级或两级反革组成。在稳定态条件下，铼的浓度提高了5倍，回收率达99％以上。碱性反萃液流过氯化季铵，进一步得到净化并提高铼的浓度。全部铼和少于0．5％的钼得到吸附。为了选择性地除去钼，用0．1mol氢氧化钠溶液洗涤吸附了钼的树脂，然后用0．5molNH4SCN溶液来解吸铼。载有铼的洗提液可进行蒸发使其饱和析出高铼酸铵。     

镍钼矿氧压酸浸液中镍回收工艺研究

以镍钼矿氧压酸浸液为研究对象,采用中和还原-沉镍技术实现镍、钼的分离回收.在实验条件下,可以实现浸出液中Ni、Co、Cu、Zn等的综合回收,Ni沉淀率为95.86％,沉淀产品中Ni含量达到23.20％,可作为Ni的初级产品外售.     

复杂钼精矿湿法冶金工艺研究

对低品位含铼复杂钼精矿进行氧压分解、萃取工艺研究。考察反应时间、氧分压、球磨时间、液固比等因素对钼转化率和溶出率的影响。结果表明,在230℃、反应时间2.5h、氧分压600kPa、液固比6的条件下氧压分解,钼转化率可达到98%以上,溶出率为20%左右。氧压分解液采用分步萃取法回收钼、铼,铼萃取率和反萃率分别达到97%和99%以上,钼萃取率和反萃率分别达到99%和97%以上。     

Enrichment of valuable metals from the sulfuric acid leach liquors of nickeliferous oxide ores

The enrichment of valuable metals from sulfuric acid leach liquors of various nickeliferous oxide ores has been investigated. Suitable enrichment processes based on sulfide precipitation and the Na-jarosite process have been tested and proved to be effective for recovering Ni, Co, and Cu from high-magnesium and high-iron pregnant liquors. Once the major impurities of magnesium and iron had been separated from the valuable metals, the resulting concentrated sulfate solutions mainly containing valuable metals (Ni, Co, and Cu) could be used for further metal separations by solvent extraction methods. It is hoped that such sequences may also be applied for the recovery and enrichment of valuable metals from dilute pregnant leaching liquors.     

从生产三氧化钼的废母液中回收钼及氯化铵

介绍利用ＨＴ吸附剂从钼酸铵母液及氨浸钼渣酸分解母液中回收钼及氯化铵的实验过程。吸附钼后的吸附剂用氨水反洗，得到的钼酸铵溶液，通过蒸发、浓缩、中和结晶出仲钼酸铵，从而回收其中的钼。而吸附钼后剩下的母液蒸发、浓缩、结晶出氯化铵，可用作农用化肥。     

Removal of iron from leach liquors by the “Goethite” process

Many of the parameters governing the removal of iron from acid leach liquors by the “Goethite” process have been identified and investigated. Two variations of the process, viz. the Vieille Montagne and the Electrolytic Zinc procedures, have been examined in sulphate and chloride liquors, and their effectiveness in removing iron from solution has been assessed. The extent to which other cations (Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn) and anions (SO₄ and Cl) are carried down with the iron precipitate has been determined under controlled conditions. Hydrometallurgical applications of the process are discussed, but useful costing can only be done for specific situations.     

综合回收有色金属物料中伴生钴的研究概况

本文比较全面地阐述了目前国内外从含钴矿石和含钴物料（含钴废水,含钴浸出液等）中回收钴的现状以及所涉及的选矿,湿法冶金,萃取和微生物技术等各种富集和分离方法,同时还就理论和工艺中存在的问题提出了看法,以期对同行科技工作者有所裨益。     

The application of Primene 81R for the purification of concentrated aluminium sulphate solutions from leaching of clay minerals

A method of separating iron(III) and aluminium by solvent extraction treatment of sulphate leach liquors produced by the acid leaching of domestic non-bauxitic ores is reported. The principal impurity to be eliminated was iron(III). The amine Primene 81R was investigated for both synthetic solutions and leach liquors. The effect of aluminium, sulphuric acid, amine concentrations and other variables upon extraction was studied. The use of sulphuric acid and basic solutions as stripping agents was also studied. Extraction and stripping isotherms were used as a basis for laboratory-scale tests in single-stage and multi-stage studies. The iron concentration in the aqueous solution can be decreased from 2 kg/m³ to 0.015 kg/m³.     

New drug development by innovative drug administration--"change" in pharmaceutical field

New drug development can be made by providing products of higher "selectivity for the drug" for medical treatment. There are two ways for the approach to get higher "selectivity of drug": 1) discovery of new compounds with high selectivity of drug; 2) innovation of new drug administration, that is new formulation and/or method with high selectivity of drug by integration and harmonization of various hard/soft technologies. An extensive increase of biological information and advancement of surrounding science and technology may modify the situation as the latter overcomes the former in the 21 century. As the science and technology in the 21 century is said to be formed on "3H", that is, 1. hybrid; 2. hi-quality; 3. husbandry, the new drug development by innovative drug administration is exactly based on the science and technology of 3H. Its characteristic points are interdisciplinary/interfusion, international, of philosophy/ethics, and systems of hard/hard/heart. From these points of view, not only the advance of unit technology but also a revolution in thinking way should be "must" subjects. To organize this type of research well, a total research activity such as ROR (research on research) might take an important and efficient role. Here the key words are the "Optimization technology" and "Change in Pharmaceutical Fields." As some examples of new drug innovation, our trials on several topical mucosal adhesive dosage forms and parenteral administration of peptide drugs such as insulin and erythropoietin will be described.     

离子交换法提取铼酸铵新工艺

铼是一种极其稀缺而且分散的贵金属，我国铼资源十分有限。本文详述采用大孔型阴离子交换树脂Ｄ２９６从冶铜废液中直接提取铼酸铵的新工艺方法。新工艺先进实用，铼提取率可达９９％，具有十分显著的经济效益、社会效益和环保效益。     

用四钼酸铵生产试剂级七钼酸铵的工艺研究与实践

介绍了采用氨溶重结晶－套溶－净化－酸沉等工序用四钼酸铵生产试剂级七钼酸铵的工艺,论述了密度、ｐＨ值及温度对形成七钼酸铵晶型及产品质量的影响,对净化、酸沉过程的工艺条件进行了初步分析。生产实践表明,该工艺稳定可行,产品质量达到试剂级标准。     

The Term "Ergonomics".

I would like to comment on the remarks of Peters and Seminara (Amer. Psychologist, 1957, 12, 751-752) on the use of the term "Human Engineering." When, in the United Kingdom, a group was formed nine years ago as an interdisciplinary society for the study of human work and working environment, we spent many months in discussion on what we should call this integrated area. We came to the conclusion that a new word would have to be coined for reasons that are given in this article. After study of possible roots, the name "Ergonomics" was decided upon (gr. ergos = work; nomos = natural laws) as the noun, which gives "ergonomic" as the adjective and "ergonomist" as the practitioner. It is readily usable in other European languages such as French (ergonomie) and has now come into fairly general use in Europe. The author explains how the group decided on this term. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

More on "Monkey Tricks".

Comments on "Monkey Tricks and Voodoo Psychology" by Solomon D. Kaplan (American Psychologist, 1960, 15, 219-220). Kaplan is the umpteenth person who has fallen into the error of creating a dichotomy between the culture and the biology of the individual, referring as so many others have to "society" or "the Culture" as though this represented some autonomous entity above and controlling the lives of individuals, but independent from and uninfluenced by them. The study of the relationship between biology and the culture is not helped when the culture or society is treated as though its formation and evolution had nothing to do with human beings. One way or another, directly or indirectly, consciously or unconsciously, human beings form the culture--every last little bit of it. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)